Abstract: Provided is a method to identify subjects with inflammatory diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease, for their suitability for treatment with antifungal compounds. The method comprises identification of loss-of-function in the gene CX3CR1.

Abstract: Metal-chelating compositions having the structure (1a) wherein: R1, R2, R3, and R4 are independently selected from the following groups: (i) hydrogen atom, (ii) hydrocarbon groups (R) containing 1-12 carbon atoms; (iii) halogen atoms; (iv) —P(R5) (?O)OH groups; (v) —C(?O)OH groups; (vi) —S(?O)2OH groups; and (vii) —OH groups, wherein R5 is selected from hydrocarbon groups (R) and —OH; R1 and R2 may optionally interconnect to form Ring A fused to the ring on which R1 and R2 are present; R3 and R4 may optionally interconnect to form Ring B fused to the ring on which R3 and R4 are present; wherein Ring A and Ring B are optionally and independently substituted with one or more of groups (ii)-(vii). Methods of using the above-described compositions for chelating metal ions having an atomic number of at least 56 (e.g., Ba or Ra) are also described.

Abstract: A High Electron Mobility Transistor (HEMT) device can include an AlN buffer layer on a substrate and an epi-GaN channel layer on the AlN buffer layer. An AlN barrier layer can be on the Epi-GaN channel layer to provide a channel region in the epi-GaN channel layer. A GaN drain region can be recessed into the epi-GaN channel layer at a first end of the channel region and a GaN source region can be recessed into the epi-GaN channel layer at a second end of the channel region opposite the first end of the channel region. A gate electrode can include a neck portion with a first width that extends a first distance above the AlN barrier layer between the GaN drain region and the GaN source region to a head portion of the gate electrode having a second width that is greater than the first width.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an electrohydraulic device. The device includes a battery having a vessel containing a flowable electrolyte. The battery may be a flow cell battery, such as, for example, a redox flow cell battery. In a flow cell battery, the flowable electrolyte may a catholyte and/or an anolyte. An actuator is in fluidic communication with the vessel of the battery. The actuator is configured to be actuated using the flowable electrolyte. A cation exchange membrane may separate the vessel into an anolyte side and a catholyte side. The actuator may be in fluidic communication with either side (anolyte side or catholyte side) of the vessel.

Abstract: Provided are methods of increasing a response to a chemotherapeutic agent or an immunotherapeutic agent in a patient in need thereof, and methods of treating cancer in a patient in need thereof, comprising administering to the patient a chemotherapeutic agent or an immunotherapeutic agent and a metastasis inhibiting compound, as described in this disclosure.

Abstract: This disclosure provides a method for determining male fertility status. The method comprises determining GM1 distribution patterns following induced sperm capacitation, identifying the frequency of distribution of various patterns, and determining if the frequency distribution of certain GM1 patterns in response to induced capacitation is altered. Based on the change in the frequency distribution patterns of certain patterns in response to induced capacitation, alone or in combination with other sperm attributes, male fertility status can be identified.

Abstract: Hybrid electrodes for batteries are disclosed having a protective electrochemically active layer on a metal layer. Other hybrid electrodes include a silicon salt on a metal electrode. The protective layer can be formed directly from the reaction between the metal electrode and a metal salt in a pre-treatment solution and/or from a reaction of the metal salt added in an electrolyte so that the protective layer can be formed in situ during battery formation cycles.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods of lubricating biological tissue, such as joints, bone, ocular tissue, nasal tissue, tendons, tendon capsule, and vaginal tissue, by contacting the biological tissue with an effective amount of a block copolymer lubricating composition which functions at least or better than lubricin. In particular embodiments, the method is used to treat osteoarthritis. In specific embodiments, the block copolymer has an ammonium-containing polymer block and a non-ionic hydrophilic polymer block, or the copolymer has a carboxylic acid-containing polymer block and a non-acid non-ionic hydrophilic polymer block.

Abstract: Provided are phenazine copolymers and methods of making and using phenazine copolymers. The phenazine copolymers may be made from one or more phenazine precursors and one or more co-monomer precursors, one or more phenazine precursors and one or more cross-linking precursors, or one or more phenazine precursors and both one or more cross-linking precursors and one or more co-monomer precursors. The phenazine copolymers may be used in/on cathodes. The cathodes may be used in a variety of devices, such as, for example, batteries or supercapacitors.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes a device that can be implanted into the left atrial appendage for occlusion. The device can prevent or reduce thrombus formation in this anatomic region for patients with atrial fibrillation. This device includes a patient-specific inflatable device that represents a patient's anatomy or morphological class. The inflatable device can be designed by imaging (e.g., computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging) the patient's anatomy. Through a catheter (or surgically), the inflatable device can be filled with an inflation fluid to occlude the appendage in a patient-specific fashion.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to genetically modified bacteria that produce a diffusible signal factor (DSF). The disclosure also provides methods for treating or preventing Salmonella infection/invasion in a subject. The disclosure further provides vectors and compositions for carrying out the methods disclosed herein.

Abstract: Provided herein are compounds (e.g., compounds of Formula (I) and Formula (II), that modulate HCN channels, intermembrane proteins that serve as nonselective voltage-gated cation channels in the plasma membranes of heart and brain cells. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions and kits comprising the compounds, and methods of treating HCN-related disorders (e.g., pain) with the compounds in a subject, by administering the compounds and/or compositions described herein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and a kit for enhancing the translation ability of an RNA molecule. The methods involve the use of an RNA molecule comprising a methylated adenosine residue in a 5? untranslated region (UTR). Also disclosed are methods for eIF4E-independent translation of an RNA molecule and treatment methods.

Abstract: A method for achieving voltage-controlled gate-modulated light emission using monolithic integration of fin- and nanowire-n-i-n vertical FETs with bottom-tunnel junction planar InGaN LEDs is described. This method takes advantage of the improved performance of bottom-tunnel junction LEDs over their top-tunnel junction counterparts, while allowing for strong gate control on a low-cross-sectional area fin or wire without sacrificing LED active area as in lateral integration designs. Electrical modulation of 5 orders, and an order of magnitude of optical modulation are achieved in the device.

Abstract: The invention is directed to compositions and methods for increasing the pH of a melanosome in a melanocyte, darkening skin or hair pigmentation, or treating a disease associated with decreased melanin comprising administering a soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC) inhibitor and/or an exchange protein activated by cyclic AMP (EPAC) inhibitor to the melanocyte. The invention also provides compositions and methods for decreasing the pH of a melanosome in a melanocyte, lightening skin or hair pigmentation, or treating a disease associated with increased melanin comprising administering a sAC activator and/or an EPAC activator to the melanocyte.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices are disclosed for an efficient hardware architecture to implement gradient boosted trees for detecting biological conditions. For example, a method of detecting a biological condition includes receiving, by a device, a plurality of physiological signals from a plurality of input channels of the device, selecting, based on a trained prediction model, one or more input channels from the plurality of input channels, converting the one or more physiological signals received from the one or more input channels to one or more digital physiological signals, identifying, by using the plurality of gradient boosted decision trees, the selected characteristic in the one or more digital physiological signals, and determining a presence of a physiological condition based on an addition of the output values obtained from the plurality of gradient boosted decision trees.

Abstract: Techniques, systems, and devices are described for implementing for implementing computation devices and artificial neurons based on nanoelectromechanical (NEMS) systems. In one aspect, a nanoelectromechanical system (NEMS) based computing element includes: a substrate; two electrodes configured as a first beam structure and a second beam structure positioned in close proximity with each other without contact, wherein the first beam structure is fixed to the substrate and the second beam structure is attached to the substrate while being free to bend under electrostatic force. The first beam structure is kept at a constant voltage while the other voltage varies based on an input signal applied to the NEMS based computing element.

Abstract: Systems and methods herein provide for adaptive subband compression of power signals in a power system. In one embodiment, a system includes an encoder is operable to partition sensor measurements into frequency subbands (e.g., including an interharmonic subband), centered at integer multiples of the power system's fundamental frequency (e.g., 50 Hz or 60 Hz). The encoder may also be operable to detect active subbands, and to compress the at least one active subband. The system also includes a data concentrator operable to transmit the at least one compressed subband to a processor for analysis. The system also includes a decoder at a processing location (a substation, a concentrator, or the control center) operable to parse the compressed waveforms into subbands, to interpolate and decompress at least one compressed subband, and to synthesize the decompressed subbands as an approximation of the original waveform (e.g., subject to reconstruction error requirements).

Abstract: A ferroelectric device includes a substrate, a first electrode on the substrate, and a hexagonal ferroelectric material on the first electrode. The first electrode comprises a single crystal epitaxial material. By using a single crystal epitaxial material for an electrode to a hexagonal ferroelectric material, a high-quality material interface may be provided between these layers, thereby improving the performance of the ferroelectric device by allowing for a reduced coercive field.

Abstract: A dielectric thin film includes a stack structure of a perovskite material layer including at least two Group II elements and a rocksalt layer on the perovskite material layer and including at least two Group II elements. A first content ratio of the at least two Group II elements included in the perovskite material layer may be the same as a second content ratio of the at least two Group II elements included in the rocksalt layer.