Abstract: A method and apparatus for the single type recovery of plastic materials from starting pieces of a multiple composite material is disclosed. The starting pieces are firstly comminuted mechanically into particles of a size compatible with the process. These composite materials particularly are separated and a mixture of different materials is produced and, from this material mixture, the individual materials are isolated. For the recovery of starting pieces of prepreg fabric from flexible cutting residues, lined with films on both sides, the following steps are performed in sequence. First, the starting pieces are comminuted by cutting them up into shreds of composite material. Then the shreds of composite material are cooled down to temperatures below room temperature and, in a cold state, are subjected to a mechanical alternating bending stress and/or a shearing stress, the films becoming detached from the prepreg pieces in a scale-like manner to form a mixture.

Abstract: A process and an apparatus control output of an air-breathing fuel cell system which consists of an air supply line, a fuel cell, an air exhaust line, and a separate gas supply system for hydrogen gas. To control the fuel cell output, an adjustable rotary speed compressor is located in the air supply line and a variable absorption capacity expander is located in the air exhaust line. The compressor, the expander, and an additional electric motor are positioned on a common shaft. The expander converts the pressure energy contained in the exhaust air into mechanical energy and delivers that energy via the common shaft to the compressor. The air volume flow is controlled by the compressor rotary speed and adjusted to a preset value. A preset working pressure is established in the fuel cell system by adjusting the absorption capacity of the expander.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus are provided for controlling the power of an electric drive unit in a vehicle. The drive unit is supplied with electrical energy by a fuel cell in the vehicle. On the basis of a power request which is determined from the accelerator pedal position, the air flow rate required to provide the set power from the fuel cell is calculated and set by controlling rotational speed of a compressor arranged in the air intake line to the fuel cell. To prevent the fuel cell from producing more electrical power than the drive unit can absorb, the drive unit acts limits the power request by emitting appropriate error messages. The set value for the power is fed to the drive unit and can be corrected such that the drive unit never demands more power than the amount of power instantaneously produced by the fuel cell to prevent fuel cell collapse.

Abstract: In a motorbraking arrangement for a Diesel engine with at least one engine breathing valve and at least one fuel injector per cylinder and a high pressure fuel pump with a high pressure fuel reservoir for supplying high pressure fuel to the injectors, a control valve is provided for controlling the supply of fuel from the high pressure fuel reservoir to the breathing valve for its actuation during an engine compression stroke and a lower pressure fluid supply system is provided for operating the breathing valve during normal engine operation under the control of switch-over means which place the breathing valve in communication either with the high pressure fuel reservoir or with the lower pressure fluid supply system.

Abstract: An arrangement of a drive unit in a vehicle, having at least an electric traction motor, a fuel cell and a fuel tank. Two longitudinal beams situated at a distance from one another serve as supporting structure for the fuel-cell stack, which is mounted between the longitudinal beams in the underfloor region of the vehicle. Two transverse beams which extend at least over the region between the longitudinal beams may also be mounted at a distance from one another, so that a safety region is formed in which sensitive components of the drive unit can be protected against damage. The arrangement of individual components of the fuel-cell system in the underfloor region of the vehicle additionally provides the advantage that the passenger compartment or loading compartment can be of flat design.

Abstract: In an inlet system for a two-cycle internal combustion engine which includes a cylinder with a piston reciprocating therein between a top dead center position and a bottom dead center position and in which at least two rows of scavenging air flow passages are arranged in separate flow planes around the cylinder adjacent the bottom dead center position of the piston which are closed by the piston when it is remote from the bottom dead center position, each of the separate flow planes includes independent air flow control components for independently controlling the admission of scavenging air to the scavenging air passages in the different flow planes.

Abstract: A fluidic nozzle which is flown through by a singular injection jet and which periodically deflects the injection jet. The nozzle has a nozzle channel, whose cross section is expanded in relation to the injection jet, and with control openings opening into the nozzle channel downstream close to the neck of the nozzle for injecting a control fluid that brings about the deflection of the jet. The nozzle channel has a channel cross section, which is two-dimensionally expanded in height and width in relation to the cross section of the jet, with a cross-section contour corresponding to the desired distribution cross section, and it is provided with a number of control openings. The control openings are arranged offset in relation to one another in the circumferential direction of the nozzle channel and are activated one after another in sequence to generate a jet movement rotating along the circumference of the nozzle channel.

Abstract: In a goniometer having several axes around which a crystal specimen to be examined can be rotated, a radiation source, a detector for Bragg reflections and a detector for fluorescence radiation, with the detector making it possible to measure lattice geometry and chemical composition at the same time. The detector for the fluorescence radiation is secured in a holder, and is oriented with its surface parallel to the specimen and is pivotably secured together with the specimen to the specimen table. As such, reflexes can be simultaneously observed using the Bragg detector which is secured in a pivotable arm, and the fluorescence radiation using the fluorescence detector.

Abstract: An effective grounding of electrical equipment, electrical cables, housings, and the like, is accomplished by grounding lugs that are initially formed as an integral part, for example, of a grounding sleeve of electrically conducting material that surrounds a protective cable casing of electrically conducting material in a crimping manner. The lugs are only bent out of the sleeve when needed. A grounding conductor is then secured to the lug. The grounding lugs may be incorporated in all systems that are provided for protection against surge currents or excessive voltages produced by a thunderstorm, especially in a vehicle or a craft, e.g. an aircraft. A cable connector includes a hollow support body that reaches with an inner end into the grounding sleeve to provide a backing for holding an end of the cable casing clamped between the grounding sleeve and the inner end of the support body. The outer end of the support body carries a coupling nut.

Abstract: An organic layer for subsequent coating with a cover layer which is harder than the organic layer, and a process for surface treatment of the organic layer. In order to improve the quality of a subsequently applied cover layer, growth nuclei for the cover layer, which exhibit sp.sup.2 and/or sp.sup.3 bonding orbital hybridization, are arranged and/or exposed on the free surface of the organic layer.

Abstract: A method for generating an output for a fuzzy controller by evaluating a set of linguistic rules. For each input signal, a linguistic hedge is formed to be a fuzzy information system. Each linguistic rule is also formed with a premise consisting of a multitude of linguistic statements about pairwise different input signals, linked by AND, or consisting of one statement about one input signal, and a conclusion consisting of a linguistic statement about the output signal of the fuzzy controller. The set of rules is built such that it forms a complete and consistent set of linguistic rules.

Abstract: Freeze-up is prevented in a tap pipe connectable to a main liquid supply line, by a liquid circulator directly inside the tap pipe. The liquid circulator is either a Pitot tube that takes advantage of the liquid flow in the main line to establish a circulation in the tap line, or the liquid circulator is a driven pump directly in the tap line. The pump is driven by an electric motor or by a turbine rotor. The turbine rotor may be an axial flow wheel, or a paddle wheel driven by the liquid flow in the main line for driving the pump. The pump itself may be a paddle wheel. The Pitot tube, the turbine rotor, and the paddle wheel are very energy efficient by using the flow or dynamic head in the main line.

Abstract: A cable end with its terminal or connector is maintained in a curved installed position with the aid of a bent retaining jacket (25A). The jacket is preferably a corrugated metal hose having one end formed into a bushing that is clamped in place on a support body of the connector or terminal together with other cable components such as a protective hose system. The bend maintaining jacket has an inner diameter that is larger than the outer diameter of the protection hose system of the cable so that the jacket may be freely pushed over the cable end prior to the installation of the terminal or connector. The opposite end of the jacket remains open or rather unconnected, thus enabling the jacket to accommodate any twists that result from bending the cable end. Although the jacket is bendable, it has a bend retaining characteristic that will not change its curved configuration in response to impacts, vibrations, or the like. Only an intentional renewed bending can bring the jacket into a new curved shape.

Abstract: A solder material that is especially suitable for the fluxless hard soldering of aluminum-based components consists of an aluminum-based alloy that especially contains about 10 to 50 wt. % of germanium, about 1 to 12 wt. % of silicon, about 0.1 to 3 wt. % of magnesium, and about 0.1 to 3 wt. % of indium. The solder material is useful at soldering temperatures in the range from 424.degree. to about 600.degree. C., and is therefore especially suitable for the fluxless hard soldering of components made of precipitation-hardened high-strength aluminum-based materials.

Abstract: An electrical and mechanical cable connector is constructed for maintaining an electrical grounding circuit in electrical installations on board of an aircraft. For this purpose the connector has two bodies positioned coaxially to each other and rotatable to each other but restrained against relative axial movement by a spring ring. One of the two bodies has a plurality of contact springs formed by cutting axial slots integrally into a portion of the one body. The body with the contact springs rests at least partly in or on the respective support body. Both bodies have a common central axis and contact pressures are effective radially inwardly or radially outwardly relative to the common central axis and are axially distributed along the central axis, whereby both bodies are electrically interconnected to maintain the grounding circuit.

Abstract: A frame oriented, digital data transmission method wherein data are transmitted in the zero symbol of the frame of the modulation method provided in the COFDM (Coded Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex) which is provided in digital radio. This allows for further digital data to be independently transmitted outside of the actual digital multiplex signal. The method can also be used, among other things, for transmitter identification in common frequency networks.

Abstract: A data communication system, particularly for motor vehicles, includes a bus system with transmission lines which connect terminal devices to a common node. A protective circuit is connected between the transmission lines and a reference potential such as ground. If the ground connection of one of the terminal devices becomes detached, this protective circuit allows communication among the remaining terminal devices. The protective circuit is simultaneously secured against destruction in case of a short circuit.

Abstract: The invention relates to an all weather visual system that combines information from a ROSAR type radar sensor with navigation and flight information to provide artificial vision for the pilot. The radar utilizes the movements of rotating arms fixedly mounted on the rotor head of a helicopter. For this purpose, a turnstile is used as the central carrier structure, which is protected by an aerodynamically shaped body against atmospheric forces. The radar transmitter and radar receiver are located on the rotor head and in the tips of the rotating arms, respectively.

Abstract: In a two cycle internal combustion engine with uni-directional flow scavenging wherein a piston is disposed in a cylinder so as to be movable between top and bottom dead center end positions, the cylinder has fresh air inlet passages which are so arranged that their bottom walls are disposed below the piston top edge when the piston is in its bottom dead center position so that part of the piston top land is directly exposed to the fresh air flow through the air inlet passages and oil discharge bores extend from the air inlet passages and are in communication with the oil circulating system for the removal of oil wiped off the cylinder wall and collected in the inlet passages.

Abstract: Laser weapon system whose laser device is a target reconnaissance system with a visual device, rangefinding and exposure measuring devices, and a control computer for adjusting the laser energy, with the laser device being associated with a beam-aiming unit and with the viewer being associated with a monitor as well as an image processing unit provided with a marking and tracking device for the target individuals.