Abstract: A Sensor for non-contact torque measurement on a shaft and a soft-magnetic, magnetostrictive measurement layer, especially for such a sensor. The sensor contains a measurement layer support having a soft-magnetic and magnetostrictive measurement layer which is a tubular shaft intermediate piece, as well as a measurement coil support having a measurement coil which is opposite the measurement layer. The measurement coil support is fixable on a holder without being supported on the measurement layer support, and that end region of the measurement layer support which faces away from the shaft is essentially in the form of a disc and is constructed such that it extends essentially at right angles to the shaft axis when the measurement layer support is fitted. This sensor, which can be fitted and removed easily, has a short axial structural length.

Abstract: A superstoichiometric MgAl.sub.2 0.sub.4 spinel, which can be used, for example, as material for a high temperature crucible, is synthesized by, producing a precursor mixture comprising intimately mixed oxides of the corresponding metals in the spinel. Magnesium is added in a superstoichiometric amount to the precursor mixture. Prior to spinel formation, from one to five percent by weight of a reactive salt containing fluorine and/or boron, based on the metal oxides of the spinel, are added to the precursor mixture, and the doped precursor mixture is mixed for from 0.5 to 3 hours. Finally, the mixed precursor mixture is heated for between 0.5 and 4 hours at a temperature between 1150.degree. C. and 1400.degree. C. to synthesize the Mg.sub.(1+x) Al.sub.2 0.sub.4 spinel which is superstoichiometric with respect to magnesium.

Abstract: Food stuffs transported in trolleys are cooled on board of an aircraft directly in the trolley which has a heat exchange surface connected to a secondary coolant flow circuit in the trolley. When the trolley is parked in a parking space for example in an aircraft galley, the heat exchange surface of the trolley is in heat exchange contact with a heat exchanger connected to a central primary refrigerant circuit including a refrigerating unit (4). The heat exchange surface of the trolley and a heat exchange surface of the heat exchanger are connected to separate refrigerant circulating circuit, whereby leaks are avoided while the direct surface contact between the two heat exchange surfaces assures a substantially improved efficiency in the heat exchange.

Abstract: A method for determining the visual range improves the visual range measurement adopted as a basis, to the end that the measurement of the visual range can take place using one emitter and using one receiver, which are disposed to be stationary. The method permits the determination of the visual range, even though an obstacle is situated within the field of view. A comparison of a measured backscatter signal with a specimen curve permits the determination of the visual range from the intensity curve obtained, without any need, for this purpose, of further information such as, for example, the direction from which the backscatter signal comes.

Abstract: A device for steering and maintaining the course of a vehicle contains, in addition to a device for detecting the position of the vehicle, and a steering control device which acts on a steering angle adjustment device, a preselectable limitation of the steering angle setting requested by the control. A steering angle setting requested by the control is combined with the steering angle setting requested by the driver, and the steering angle adjustment device sets the steering angle in accordance with this combination.

Abstract: A transport plane with stub tail, which is preferably propelled by two jet engines. The intake air is fed to the engines directly integrated in the fuselage tail via a diffusor, the diffusor is a short diffusor. The air obtained by boundary layer suction via a suction slot with a combination of ejectors and diffusors is fed into the rest of the intake air.

Abstract: In a fuel injection system for a Diesel engine with a high pressure fuel pump supplying fuel under pressure to a common high pressure fuel supply conduit from which the fuel is admitted to a number of fuel injectors having fuel injection control needles engaged by springs so as to be normally seated on a valve seat and a control needle actuator for lifting the control needle off the valve seat under the control of an electronic control unit, the needle includes a cylindrical needle body movable within a cylinder and has slot-shaped orifices formed in its outer surface which are fully covered when the control needle is seated but which are exposed to a degree controllable by the needle actuator for adjustment of the orifice sizes depending on engine operating parameters.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of reducing noise in a speech detection system. The phases of at least two noise-affected signals are estimated. The phase estimate and the phase compensation required for the noise reduction are performed in the frequency domain. The background noise and the transient behavior of the enclosed space are simultaneously estimated.

Abstract: A system for the ventilation of the crew cabin of a combat vehicle having an engine room (5) separated from the crew cabin (2) in which a radiator (9) having a suction, cooling blower (10) is located. The ventilation system comprises an air suction and cleaning apparatus (12,13,15) having a ventilator (14) and an air distribution channel (16) having blower openings (17) into the crew cabin. Advantageously, a sealable passage opening (20) is provided between the crew cabin (2) and the engine room (5).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a heterostructure yield effect transistor with high charge carrier mobility and velocity wherein the current carrying channel has only a narrow pulse doped region that is disposed on the side of the channel layer opposite the heterojunction. At positive gate voltages the remainders of the doping substance are spatially separated from the free charge carriers so that the free charge carriers exhibit transporting characteristics as they are encountered in the undoped channel but with a substantially higher saturation current.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an interdigital capacitor and to a method for producing an interdigital capacitor having a finger structure of a coplanar stub line covered by an air bridge pocket for increasing the capacitance of the coplanar line. The air bridge pocket provides shielding for the capacitor structure. The disclosed manufacturing method includes producing a galvanic reinforcement of the center line of the coplanar line.

Abstract: In an apparatus for reducing the nitrogen oxide emission of an internal combustion engine wherein the nitrogen oxides are removed from the engine exhaust gas in an adsorber from which they are subsequently purged by hot gases, the hot gases with the nitrogen oxides purged from the adsorber are returned to the air intake of the internal combustion engine for reaction in the combustion process in the internal combustion engine in which the nitrogen oxide is converted to nitrogen and oxygen.

Abstract: A semiconductor photodetector has a channel of conductive material which connects two terminal poles and is defined by potential barrier regions and by space-charge regions that can be reduced by means of incident light. The channel is comprised of a conductive layer parallel to the surface and having laterally narrowing barrier regions extending through the layer.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus reduces particles in exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine by passing the exhaust gases through a microwave energy field in a resonator for applying energy and burning the particles. In order to improve the application of energy, the particles are agglomerated beforehand in a high-voltage field of an electrostatic filter.

Abstract: Injection element of coaxial design for rocket combustion chambers with a combustion chamber pressure of 3 to 30 bar and for operation with two hypergolically reacting propellants, with a central body for the oxidant, whose flow channel has a twisting insert, a cross section contraction and a sharp opening edge, and with a sleeve concentrically surrounding the central body to limit an annular flow channel for the propellant, wherein the flow channel has a circular cylindrical outlet with a sharp opening edge. The flow channel of the central body has a circular cylindrical outlet. The opening edges of the central body and of the sleeve are located approximately in the plane of the front surface of the combustion chamber. A flow divider, which divides the propellant flow into five to twenty equal individual flows is arranged in the flow channel for the propellant. The velocities of flow of the oxidant and of the propellant are between 5 m/sec and 20 m/sec at the point of entry into the combustion chamber.

Abstract: System for packaging integrated circuits, especially sensors, in a housing, which also comprises multicontact bondings, especially hybrid ICs for three-dimensional arrangement of modules, wherein sensors (4, 5) are arranged at an angle in relation to one another on the base plate or the substrate (1). The sensors are contained in the single housing together with contact pins (pins) (2), and are connected in one plane by automatic bonding.

Abstract: In an exhaust gas system for an internal combustion engine for a vehicle which includes an exhaust gas conduit with an exhaust gas cleaner and a silencer, the structure-borne noise emission is reduced by coating surface areas of the exhaust system with a silencing layer consisting of metal powder which is applied by plasma spraying or sintering.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a radar device with synthetic aperture based on rotating antennae (ROSAR principle), preferably for helicopters, which operates in the millimeter-wave range and is used mainly as an obstacle radar, wherein the full synthetic aperture length can be reached already within very short distances due to the arrangement of the antennae on a turnstile. Exemplary embodiments, calculations and representations are shown and explained.

Abstract: A multi-channel transmission system operates by transmitting digitally-coded signals modulated in sequential symbol blocks at a plurality of carrier frequencies, and receiving and demodulating the digitally-coded signals, wherein, in the transmitting, a test signal is generated in at least one symbol block, the test signal containing at least one periodically continued, differentially coded, self-orthogonal sequence of a constant amplitude modulated to a part of the plurality of carrier frequencies within a symbol block in differential coding.

Abstract: Device for prolonging the effective usage time (service life), arrangement and process for minimizing temperature effects in any ion-selective polymer membrane electrode measuring chain (ISPE measuring chain), wherein one solution or both solutions directly adjoining the polymer membrane (outer measuring solution and inner potential drain solution) are saturated or supersaturated with the compounds which normally tend to bleed out; and wherein the isotherm intersection of an ion-selective measuring chain with redox drain elements is optimally located in the middle of the measuring range such that this middle is located at ca. 0 mV.The device may be used for monitoring of groundwater with opposite changes in the concentrations of nitrate and ammonium, evaluated in a special device, with electronic data processing and intermediate data storage (in RAM pack) at the site of the measurement and data polling as needed to a central unit by telemetry.