Patents Assigned to Diamond Shamrock Corporation
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Patent number: 4400451Abstract: Liquid-junction photoelectrochemical semiconductor cells adapted for providing electricity, fuel, chemicals and/or chemical energy, preferably solar cells, which utilize a photoactive true solid/solid solution semiconductor mixed metal oxide material bulk or film electrode. Useful electrolytes include liquid, sol, gel or a solid electrolyte system, e.g., a film of an ionomer or of a polymer solvated with a liquid electrolyte.Type: GrantFiled: May 4, 1981Date of Patent: August 23, 1983Assignee: Diamond Shamrock CorporationInventor: Arnold Z. Gordon
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Patent number: 4399127Abstract: Increased antibiotic content of oxytetracycline injectable compositions containing glycerol formal as the solvent is achieved by utilization of particular magnesium compounds, viz., magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, magnesium carbonate, magnesium acetate and magnesium chloride. Magnesium chloride is utilized with oxytetracycline base only.Type: GrantFiled: September 8, 1981Date of Patent: August 16, 1983Assignee: Diamond Shamrock CorporationInventors: Walter Hacke, Herman Horn
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Patent number: 4399020Abstract: This invention is directed to a membrane or diaphragm-free electrolytic cell device for removal of a metal(s) present as a contaminant(s) in waste water comprising a nonconductive cell box having an upper peripheral flange, anode and cathode bus bars located on said cell box below said flange, inlet and outlet means to pass the liquid through the electrodes contained in said box, means to space the anodes and cathodes contained within said cell box, a plurality of anodes having openings to permit the flow of waste water therethrough, a plurality of reticulate cathodes, and means connecting the anodes and cathodes, respectively, to said bus bars and to a source of electrical energy whereby the metal contaminant(s) present in such water are deposited on the reticulate cathodes predominantly.Type: GrantFiled: July 24, 1981Date of Patent: August 16, 1983Assignee: Diamond Shamrock CorporationInventors: Kenneth J. Branchick, Irving Malkin, Robert C. Sutter, Karel A. Korinek, Mary R. Suchanski, Donald M. Knaack, Gary F. Platek
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Patent number: 4397729Abstract: An anode for use in electrowinning molten metal from a fused salt bath, e.g., aluminium from cryolite-alumina, consists of a cermet material formed from a ceramic oxide of, e.g., a ferrite or chromite, and a metal, e.g.Type: GrantFiled: September 3, 1981Date of Patent: August 9, 1983Assignee: Diamond Shamrock CorporationInventors: Jean-Jacques R. Duruz, Jean-Pierre Derivaz
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Patent number: 4396723Abstract: An improved process for the preparation of an expanded, water insoluble silicate aggregate. Anhydrous alkali metal silicate is hydrated in the presence of a curing agent, then is subjected to rapid thermal expansion. The process eliminates the use of liquid silicates, and the reaction is conducted in an essentially dry state. The expanded product has extremely low bulk density. When combined with a suitable binder and applied to various substrates, the aggregate functions as an excellent thermal barrier.Type: GrantFiled: February 19, 1980Date of Patent: August 2, 1983Assignee: Diamond Shamrock CorporationInventors: Ralph E. Temple, William T. Gooding, Jr.
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Patent number: 4396485Abstract: Photoactive n-type and p-type semiconductor film electrodes utilizable in photoassisted reactions in photoelectrochemical cells and/or photovoltaic cells comprising a true solid/solid solution of a specific composition of non-oxide metal compounds which when fired produce a photoactive true solid/solid solution of mixed metal oxides providing an effective band gap and/or optical response optimally matched to the part of the energy spectrum desired for a particular utilization. The photoactive semiconductor film electrodes have a film layer of true solid/solid solution mixed metal oxide disposed upon a suitable substrate in either one or more coats.Type: GrantFiled: May 4, 1981Date of Patent: August 2, 1983Assignee: Diamond Shamrock CorporationInventors: Arnold Z. Gordon, Kenneth L. Hardee
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Patent number: 4396690Abstract: A device for the simultaneous conversion of light energy into electrical energy and thermal energy utilizing a liquid-junction semiconductor photocell (PEC) utilizing a novel photoactive true solid/solid solution semiconductor mixed metal oxide material electrode so as to adjust the band gap and/or optical response properties of the electrode to be more closely attuned to the major output portion of the solar spectrum as well as lowering the cost of production and being environmentally sound.Type: GrantFiled: May 4, 1981Date of Patent: August 2, 1983Assignee: Diamond Shamrock CorporationInventors: Arnold Z. Gordon, Thomas J. Gilligan
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Patent number: 4392917Abstract: An amphoteric water-in-oil self-inverting polymer emulsion is prepared which contains a copolymer of (1) a nonionic vinyl monomer and (2) an amphoteric vinyl monomer or a terpolymer of (1) a nonionic vinyl monomer, (2) an anionic vinyl monomer and (3) a cationic vinyl monomer in the aqueous phase, a hydrocarbon oil for the oil phase, a water-in-oil emulsifying agent and an inverting surfactant. An example of a copolymer is a copolymer of (1) a nonionic vinyl monomer such as acrylamide or methacrylamide and (2) an amphoteric vinyl monomer such as a reaction product of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate and monochloroacetic acid. An example of a terpolymer is a terpolymer of (1) a nonionic vinyl monomer such as acrylamide or methacrylamide, (2) an anionic vinyl monomer such as sodium acrylate and (3) a cationic vinyl monomer such as a triethyl ammonium ethyl methacrylate methosulfate salt.Type: GrantFiled: October 5, 1981Date of Patent: July 12, 1983Assignee: Diamond Shamrock CorporationInventors: Stanley A. Lipowski, John J. Miskel, Jr.
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Patent number: 4391844Abstract: Coatings made from soluable cross-linkable elastomers are shown. Particularly, techniques for solution cross-linking perfluorocarbon copolymers to generate resistant coatings for lining and coating applications are disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: June 26, 1981Date of Patent: July 5, 1983Assignee: Diamond Shamrock CorporationInventors: Stanley K. Baczek, G. Howard McCain, Leo L. Benezra, Michael J. Covitch
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Patent number: 4391645Abstract: Superplasticizers with improved water reducing properties for cement, cement slurries, mortar, grout and concrete are formed from synergistic mixtures of (1) aromatic sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensates, such as the sodium salt of naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate and (2) hydroxy aromatic compounds such as pyrogallol and gallic acid. Addition of these mixtures to the same cementitious materials also results in improved compressive strength.Type: GrantFiled: April 12, 1982Date of Patent: July 5, 1983Assignee: Diamond Shamrock CorporationInventors: Alphonso W. Marcellis, Grannis S. Johnson
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Patent number: 4387053Abstract: Stabilized pesticide compositions for use particularly as insecticides comprise gallic acid or the propyl ester thereof in combination with an oxime carbamate of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 can be R.sub.2 -R.sub.4 or X; R.sub.2 -R.sub.4 can be H, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, substituted alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl with the proviso that R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 may be connected to form a cycloaliphatic ring;R.sub.5 can be R.sub.2 -R.sub.4 or X with the proviso that when R.sub.5 and X are OR.sub.8, SR.sub.8, S(O)R.sub.8, SO.sub.2 R.sub.8, or NR.sub.8 R.sub.9, R.sub.5 and X may be connected to form a heterocyclic ring;R.sub.6 -R.sub.7 can be hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl or lower alkynyl;X=SR.sub.8, S(O)R.sub.8, SO.sub.2 R.sub.8, OR.sub.8, OSO.sub.2 R.sub.8, NR.sub.8 R.sub.9, NO.sub.2, CN, SCN, N.sub.3 or halogen; andR.sub.8 =H, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl lower alkynyl, aryl or substituted aryl, carbamyl, substituted carbamyl, acyl, or substituted acyl; and R.sub.Type: GrantFiled: November 23, 1981Date of Patent: June 7, 1983Assignee: Diamond Shamrock CorporationInventor: James P. Glatzhofer
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Patent number: 4386987Abstract: A method for forming a membrane upon an electrode from a dispersed, perfluorocarbon copolymer. Perfluorocarbon is dispersed in a solvating medium, a substantial portion, but not necessarily all of the perfluorocarbon being solvated. The dispersion is applied to an electrode and the dispersion medium is removed.Type: GrantFiled: June 26, 1981Date of Patent: June 7, 1983Assignee: Diamond Shamrock CorporationInventors: Michael J. Covitch, Mark F. Smith, Leo L. Benezra
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Patent number: 4384894Abstract: A liquid alkali metal silicate composition comprises water, an alkali metal, e.g., sodium silicate, glyoxal, optionally a Group I-III metal salt, e.g., calcium chloride, and hydrogen peroxide, and from 0.5 to 2.0 moles of a polyhydroxy compound per mole of glyoxal used. The specific polyols are mannitol, glycerol and sucrose. This composition is easily pumpable and injectable at a temperature of 100.degree. F. or higher.Type: GrantFiled: October 30, 1981Date of Patent: May 24, 1983Assignee: Diamond Shamrock CorporationInventors: Thomas M. Vickers, Larry J. Powers
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Patent number: 4384937Abstract: Chromic acid is now efficiently prepared in a process using dichromate, such as the dichromate typically available as an intermediate in the chromic acid production from chrome ore. In the process, the dichromate is introduced into the center compartment of a three-compartment electrolytic cell and dichromate-containing center compartment electrolyte flows through a porous diaphragm into the anode compartment of the cell. Electrolyte is introduced to the cell cathode compartment which is separated from the center compartment by a substantially hydraulically impermeable cation-exchange membrane means. During electrolysis, chromic acid is prepared in the anolyte and alkali product is produced in the catholyte.Type: GrantFiled: May 29, 1979Date of Patent: May 24, 1983Assignee: Diamond Shamrock CorporationInventors: Nicholas Shuster, Andrew D. Babinsky
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Patent number: 4382904Abstract: This disclosure is directed to the preparation of cohesive, self-sustaining electrode backing layers by a method comprising mixing from about 20 to about 50 weight parts of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) having a particle size ranging from 0.05 to 0.5 micron with from about 50 to about 80 weight parts of a partially fluorinated carbon black of the formula CF.sub.x, where x is from about 0.1 to about 0.18 and having particles of a size ranging from about 50 to about 3000 angstroms to produce an electrode backing layer having a combination of enhanced electrical conductivity and hydrophobicity.Type: GrantFiled: October 31, 1980Date of Patent: May 10, 1983Assignee: Diamond Shamrock CorporationInventors: Lawrence J. Gestaut, Frank Solomon
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Patent number: 4383090Abstract: Extremely rapid ambient curing of polyepoxide resins and mixtures of polyepoxide resins and polyacrylate esters is achieved by use of a curing system composed of at least one polymercaptan and at least one catalytic co-curing agent which is the condensation product of:(a) aliphatic amine or substituted aliphatic amine containing at least one primary aliphatic amine group where the aliphatic moiety is ethylene or greater with(b) at least one amino acid, its corresponding lactam or other amide forming derivative.Optionally, known Lewis Base catalysts for the epoxy/mercaptan reaction, such as tertiary amines, may also be used.Type: GrantFiled: September 28, 1981Date of Patent: May 10, 1983Assignee: Diamond Shamrock CorporationInventors: Allen T. Slocki, Brian J. Carr, John F. Simone
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Patent number: 4382875Abstract: This disclosure is directed to a process for extracting PTFE-wetting agent from PTFE particles containing small amounts of wetting agent in admixture with carbon particles comprising contacting said mixture with an organic liquid medium capable of extracting said wetting agent, and electrodes containing such extracted mixes. Also disclosed is a process for forming an electrode layer by depositing a soluble salt on a filter medium, depositing electrode layer material on said salt consolidating said electrode material and thereafter dissolving said salt.Type: GrantFiled: March 31, 1982Date of Patent: May 10, 1983Assignee: Diamond Shamrock CorporationInventor: Frank Solomon
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Patent number: 4382135Abstract: Radiation curable diluents have been developed which are acrylic acid esters of alkoxylated 1,6-hexanediol, neopentyl glycol and tripropylene glycol, each having a relatively low degree of alkoxylation. Examples are diacrylates of adducts of neopentyl glycol with two moles, four moles and six moles, respectively, of ethylene oxide and with two moles and four moles, respectively, of propylene oxide.Type: GrantFiled: April 1, 1981Date of Patent: May 3, 1983Assignee: Diamond Shamrock CorporationInventors: Joseph V. Sinka, Francis A. Higbie, Robert A. LieBerman
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Patent number: 4381290Abstract: A catalyst together with a heterogeneous catalytic method for making chlorine dioxide from an acid and a metal chlorate solution. The catalyst generally comprises at least one of a valve metal oxide, ruthenium oxide, iridium oxide, palladium oxide, platinum oxide and rhodium oxide.Type: GrantFiled: February 1, 1982Date of Patent: April 26, 1983Assignee: Diamond Shamrock CorporationInventors: Kenneth L. Hardee, Arnold Z. Gordon, Charles B. Pyle, Rajat K. Sen
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Patent number: 4380682Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel process of halogenating aliphatic hydrocarbons which comprises, first non-selectively oxyhalogenating a C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 aliphatic hydrocarbon to a partially halogenated intermediate product having an overall avarage empirical formula in which the atomic ratio of halogen to carbon is greater than 1:1, then vapor phase halogenating said intermediate product to form an end product having an atomic ratio of carbon to hydrogen is at least 2:1; thereby selectively coproducing or consuming hydrogen chloride.Type: GrantFiled: February 22, 1982Date of Patent: April 19, 1983Assignee: Diamond Shamrock CorporationInventors: Frederick C. Leitert, Carl G. Vinson, Jr.