Abstract: A method of catalytic conversion of feed gases, particularly of a low-sulphur gas mixture rich in carbon monoxide and hydrogen, into a product gas mixture containing methane and/or higher hydrocarbons under high pressure includes the step of removing heat of reaction from the catalytic conversion from a reaction zone by feeding both water and steam to form a cooling medium through a pipe coil in the reaction zone. This forms superheated steam in the pipe coil and the superheated steam is then converted into another form of energy, for example in a turbo-generator. Preferably the reaction zone is a fluidized bed. The apparatus for carrying out this method comprises a reactor, which is preferably a fluidized bed reactor and in this reactor the piping system forming the superheater is disposed in the lower part of the reaction zone. The superheater is connected to a feedwater line and to a steam inlet line and a steam turbine is connected to a steam output line leading from the superheater.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a process for making coke and recovering the heat therefrom for preheating the firing gas to the coke oven. The process involves the use of the coke oven firing gas to extract the sensible heat from the hot coke from the coking oven to both preheat the firing gas for the coke oven and cool the hot coke. Significant economies are achieved in the two-fold function of coke production and heat recovery in accordance with the method disclosed.

Abstract: Hot coke produced in a coke plant is introduced into the lower portion of a sealed interior of a quenching tower. Quenching water is supplied to the hot coke, thereby cooling the hot coke and generating steam and quenching gases which rise from the quenched coke to the upper portion of the interior of the quenching tower. Condensing water is supplied into the upper portion of the interior of the quenching tower, thereby condensing the steam to form quenching water condensate. A water mixture of the condensing water and the quenching water condensate is collected at a midportion of the interior of the quenching tower, and such water mixture is prevented from passing to the lower portion of the interior of the tower. The thus collected water mixture is discharged from the interior of the quenching tower, and the quenching gases remaining in the upper portion of the interior of the quenching tower are removed without being directly discharged into the exterior surrounding environment.

Abstract: A process and an apparatus for the drying and preheating of coking coal is described, in which a coarser grain fraction of the starting coal is separated out at least at one location in a flight stream tube through which the coal and a heat carrier gas are fed, and in which this larger grain fraction is subsequently reintroduced into the main stream containing only the finer grain fraction of the coal and the predominant portion of the heat carrier gas. The method and the apparatus through which the method may be carried out allow for a single-step process for both drying and preheating of the coal, make it possible to substantially reduce the length of the flight stream tube necessary, and increase the uniformity of the degree of pretreatment of the variously-sized fractions of the starting material.

Abstract: An arrangement for drying and preheating coking gas has a transport tube for transporting coal in a stream of a carrier gas, and a feed conduit for feeding hot gas into the transport tube. The feed conduit is movable relative to the tube so as to vary the conditions of feeding the hot gas into the transport tube. For this purpose, feed conduit may be connected with the transport tube by a ball-and-socket joint, so that it can be movable relative to the transport tube in circumferential and axial directions of the latter. The feed conduit may be composed by a plurality of conduit members located in the transport tube and one in the other, and movable relative to transport tube in the axial direction of the latter.

Abstract: Hot coke oven gas is subjected, immediately after the discharge thereof from coke ovens, and without any preliminary cooling operation, to partial oxidation and cracking with an oxygen-containing gas, thereby forming a hot cracked gas rich in carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The hot coke oven gas may be subjected to a desulfurization operation prior to the partial oxidation and cracking. Alternatively, the hot cracked gas may be subjected to a desulfurization operation after the partial oxidation and cracking. When the coke ovens are part of an overall metallurgical installation which includes an air separation and dissociation plant for obtaining substantially pure oxygen, the oxygen-containing gas employed in the partial oxidation and cracking may comprise oxygen enriched gas which is taken from an intermediate stage of the air separation and dissociation plant.

Abstract: A process for reducing the nitrogen oxide content of coke oven gases by spraying ammonia or ammonia-containing water into the regenerator chambers of a coke oven where the coking oven waste gases are at a temperature of between 700.degree. and 1100.degree. C.

Abstract: Coke oven gas is subjected, immediately after the discharge thereof from coke ovens, and without any preliminary cooling operation or any purification operation other than desulfurization, to a catalytic cracking operation to form a hot cracked gas which is rich in hydrogen and carbon monoxide. The catalytic cracking reaction is carried out in the presence of a hydrogen-containing and/or CO.sub.2 -containing gas, with a steam reforming catalyst.

Abstract: The waste heat resulting from a coke oven operation is recovered in a two-stage proceeding. The waste gas is first cooled to not more than about 400.degree. C. in a recuperator or regenerator of the oven to principally utilize the heat radiation of the gas. Then, in a second stage, the gas is subjected to further cooling in a separate heat exchanger to principally exploit the heat convection of the gas. The process permits to recover waste gas on both basic principles of waste recovery, that is the recovery by radiation and the recovery by convection.

Abstract: A recuperative coke oven includes at least one recuperator chamber arranged below an oven chamber. Hot undergrate firing exhaust gas is passed from the oven through the recuperator chamber. At least one elongated recuperator extends into the recuperator chamber. The recuperator includes an inner tube and a coaxially outer tube. The inner end of the inner tube is open, and the inner end of the outer tube is closed to define an annular chamber between the two tubes. Combustion air to be heated is introduced into the inner tube and passed therethrough. The combustion air then reverses direction and passes through the annular chamber and is thereat heated by the hot exhaust gas passing through the recuperator chamber. The heated combustion air is discharged from the annular chamber and passed to the heating flues of the oven.

Abstract: A coke oven door, which is positioned within a door frame in a closed position, has inner and outer sealing strips which contact the door frame. The two sealing strips jointly form a gas guide duct with the door frame. The inner sealing strip forms an elastic and flexible seal which prevents solids from passing into the guide duct but which allows gas to pass thereto. The outer sealing strip forms a gas-tight nonflexible seal.

Abstract: A cyclone separator assembly includes a conveying pipe for conveying a carrier gas and solids conveyed thereby along a flow path extending in a rectilinear direction. A diagonal wall extends across the conveying pipe in a direction which is diagonally inclined with respect to the rectilinear direction. A plurality of cyclone separator units are located adjacent the diagonal wall. A plurality of branch pipes, one each for each cyclone separator unit, convey carrier gas and solids from the conveying pipe to the cyclone separator units. Each branch pipe has a first end connected to the diagonal wall and a second end connected to a respective cyclone separator unit. At least an initial length portion of each branch pipe, taken from the first end thereof, extends in a direction substantially parallel to the rectilinear direction of flow of the carrier gas and suspended solids within the conveying pipe.

Abstract: Method for charging a coke oven chamber. Where the chamber is charged through a single charging hole with a stream of flowable preheated particulate coal at a flow rate of between substantially 8-20 tons per minute. The coal flows sufficiently in the chamber to assure filling of the chamber to substantially 100% of the volumetric capacity of the same. Due to the flowability of the preheated coal the charge is self-leveling.

Abstract: A base housing section, a plurality of intermediate housing sections, and a head housing section are stacked one above the other in a gas-tight but readily removable manner, to form a hollow housing. The base housing section and head housing section are equipped with gas connections so that a gas from a coke plant may be circulated through the hollow housing. Each intermediate housing section has extending transversely across the interior thereof at least one group of a plurality of heat exchange tubes. Cooling fluid connection means are connected to the uppermost and lowermost groups of tubes for the passage therethrough of a cooling fluid. Adjacent ends of adjacent groups of the tubes are connected such that the heat exchange fluid passes through all of the tubes of the intermediate housing sections in a substantially sinusoidal manner.

Abstract: Coal is preheated prior to passing it into a coking installation by feeding measured amounts of the relatively wet coal into and through one or more circulation dryers heated to an elevated temperature and collecting the hot coal in a collecting bin and automatically measuring the level of the hot coal in said bin and automatically adjusting the amount of coal fed into said dryer depending on the level of coal measured in said collecting bin. Means are provided for preventing further adjustment of the coal feed rate should the exhaust gas temperature of a dryer fall outside the limits of a preselected preset temperature range and to bring the process back under level-actuated feed rate control once the exhaust gas temperature moves back within the preset range.

Abstract: Frame has an opening therethrough and is positioned on a coke oven chamber ceiling with the opening of the frame aligned with a filling opening of the coke oven chamber ceiling. The frame has formed therein a recessed duct which surrounds the opening. A filling cover, adapted to close the opening, has extending therefrom a substantially annular projection. The duct in the frame has filled therein a displaceable material which is capable of being displaced by the projection, for example a pulverulent material. When the cover is positioned over the frame, the projection extends into and partially displaces the displaceable material, thereby sealing the cover with respect to the frame and closing the filling opening.

Abstract: As hot crude coke oven gas is conveyed from coke ovens to a position of utilization, condensation of higher hydrocarbons from the coke oven gas is prevented by increasing the temperature of the coke oven gas to a temperature such that higher hydrocarbons are prevented from condensing therefrom. This increase in temperature may be achieved by injecting oxygen-containing gas into the hot crude coke oven gas, to thereby produce a partial combustion of the coke oven gas. Alternatively, when the coke oven gas is being conveyed to a thermal cracking reactor wherein the coke oven gas is thermally cracked to form a cracked gas, the temperature of the coke oven gas may be increased by passing the coke oven gas through a heat exchanger in indirect heat exchange relation with the cracked gas.

Abstract: A coke oven hopper truck is movable along a coke oven cover which has therein filling holes closed by removable filling covers. The hopper truck has supported thereon a lifting device including an electromagnet which lifts and lowers the filling covers from and into the filling holes so that the filling covers may be removed from the filling holes, whereby coal may be charged through the filling holes into the coke oven chamber. The movable hopper truck has supported thereon repositories for supporting the filling covers after they have been removed from the filling holes by the lifting device. The repositories are movable with the hopper truck along the coke oven cover. The repositories have therein recesses dimensioned to receive therein the filling covers. Cleaning tools such as scrapers or brushes are provided along the edges of the recesses, and the lifting device rotates the filling covers against the cleaning tools to thereby clean the filling covers.

Abstract: An inclined chamber of a coke oven is defined by a heating side wall, a coke removal side, a horizontal chamber ceiling and a chamber floor inclined downwardly from the heating side wall to the coke removal side. Briquettes are charged into the chamber, through charging holes in the heating side wall arranged vertically one above the other and through charging holes in the chamber ceiling arranged one behind the other, in separate inclined fill layers. The charging operation is through separate charging holes, in a sequence from the lowermost charging hole in the heating side wall to the uppermost charging hole therein, and then from the chamber ceiling charging hole closest to the heating side wall to the chamber ceiling charging hole furthest therefrom. The vertical and horizontal spacing between adjacent charging holes is dimensioned to avoid breakage of the briquettes.

Abstract: A device for automatically detaching and/or loosening coke within a coke oven chamber, particularly such a chamber of the type having an inclined or obliquely extending floor, includes a track support adapted to be mounted at a position confronting the coke removal opening of the coke oven chamber. An elongated poking bar is supported by the track support and has at a first end thereof a stoking or broaching head for abutting or scraping coke within the chamber. A trolley is mounted on the track support for movement therealong, and the poking bar is pivoted to the trolley. A reversibly operable cable drive moves the trolley and thus the poking bar along the track support from an initial position whereat the poking bar is positioned outside of the chamber to an operative position wherein the broaching head of the poking bar is inserted into the chamber to abut against coke therein.