Abstract: A semitransparent liquid crystal display element comprises a liquid crystal panel composed of a plurality of pixels each having a reflective portion and a transparent portion arranged therein, a first polarizer sheet located on the observer's side of the liquid crystal panel, and a second polarizer sheet located on the opposite side of the liquid crystal panel from the first polarizer sheet, the angle of twist of a liquid crystal molecule which forms each pixel of the liquid crystal panel ranging from 44 degrees to 46 degrees. An angle between an absorption axis of the first polarizer sheet and a major axis of a liquid crystal molecule adjacent thereto ranges from 80 degrees to 85 degrees, and an angle between an absorption axis of the second polarizer sheet and a liquid crystal molecule adjacent thereto ranges from 50 degrees to 55 degrees.

Abstract: A left TFT 26 and a right TFT 28 are provided at both sides of one signal line 24, a first scanning line 30 to supply a gate signal to the left TFT 26 is provided, a second scanning line 32 to supply a gate signal to the right TFT 28 is provided, an image output circuit 42 to supply image signals for four pixels to two signal lines 24 is provided, a first switching element 44 and a second switching element 46 to switch the image signals supplied to the two signal lines 24 are provided, and the first switching element 44 and the second switching element 46 are switched by control signals from a first control line 38 and a second control line 40.

Abstract: In order to improve the reliability of the operation of switching the scan direction in a bidirectional shift register without using a complex circuit configuration or complex timing, a clock signal is maintained at a high level by a controller around the timing of the switching of the scan direction in a bidirectional shift register including a plurality of stages of unit shift registers connected to each other in which the scan direction is switched. Alternatively, a power supply VDD is connected to the output terminal of a first clocked inverter in the unit shift register of any one of the odd-numbered stages through third and fourth transfer gates, which become conducting at the same timing as first and second transfer gates of the input terminal of the first clocked inverter, respectively.

Abstract: An electrode structure includes at least a contact button portion that has a portion of multilayer structure of two or more conductor layers stacked and enlarged in area. A part mounting structure includes a substrate, a contact button portion which is formed on the substrate and on which a part is mounted by connection via a bump, wherein at least the contact button portion has a portion of multilayer structure of two or more conductor layers stacked, a part of which is enlarged in area. A liquid crystal display unit is equipped with the part mounting structure.

Abstract: A single-domain TN mode liquid crystal display includes an array substrate, an counter substrate, a liquid crystal layer that is includes liquid crystal molecules, polarizer plates, and a diffusion layer that is disposed between a surface of the counter substrate and a surface of the polarizer plate. Inversion of luminance at respective gray levels occurs within four levels of 64 gray levels in a case where an off-axis angle toward a major-axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules relative to a normal of the counter substrate is within 50°.

Abstract: An electroluminescent device comprising: a first charge carrier injecting layer for injecting positive charge carriers; a second charge carrier injecting layer for injecting negative charge carriers; and a light-emissive layer located between the charge carrier injecting layers and comprising a mixture of: a first component for accepting positive charge carriers from the first charge carrier injecting layer; a second component for accepting negative charge carriers from the second charge carrier injecting layer; and a third, organic light-emissive component for generating light as a result of combination of charge carriers from the first and second components; at least one of the first, second and third components forming a type II semiconductor interface with another of the first, second and third components.

Abstract: A method of preparing a plurality of electrically connected organic optoelectronic devices on a substrate comprising firstly preparing a plurality of organic optoelectronic devices on a substrate, by the steps of providing a patterned layer of a first conductive material over the substrate, providing layer of organic optoelectronic material over the layer of first conductive material and providing a patterned layer of a second conductive material over the layer of organic optoelectronic material, at least partially removing regions of the organic optoelectronic material which are not covered by the patterned layer of second conductive material and secondly providing electrical connections to electrically connect at least two of the plurality of organic optoelectronic devices. The organic optoelectronic devices are suitably organic photovoltaic devices or organic electroluminescent devices.

Abstract: Optical devices fabricated from solvent processible polymers suffer from susceptibility to solvents and morphological changes. A semiconductive polymer capable of luminescence in an optical device is provided. The polymer comprises a luminescent film-forming solvent processible polymer which contains cross-linking so as to increase its molar mass and to resist solvent dissolution, the cross-linking being such that the polymer retains semiconductive and luminescent properties.

Abstract: A process for preparing a conjugated polymer, which comprises polymerizing in a reaction mixture (a) an aromatic monomer having at least two boron derivative functional groups selected from the group consisting of boronic acid groups, boronic ester groups, and borane groups, and an aromatic monomer having at least two reactive halide functional groups, or (b) an aromatic monomer having one reactive halide functional group and one boron derivative functional group selected from the group consisting of boronic acid groups, boronic ester groups, and borane groups, an amount of a catalyst suitable for catalyzing the polymerization of the aromatic monomers, and a base in an amount sufficient to convert the boron derivative functional groups into boron anionic groups, characterized in that the reaction mixture further comprises a first solvent and a second solvent with which said first solvent is substantially immiscible and an emulsifier in an amount sufficient to form an emulsion of the reaction mixture.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device is equipped with an annular redundant wire that is formed to be nearer to the edge side of the array substrate than the respective outermost lines of plural scan lines and plural signal lines on the array substrate, surround all the scan lines and all the signal lines and cross each signal line through an insulating layer at two places. At least one of the signal lines has a wire-broken portion, and the redundant wire has recess portions at the two cross portions at which the redundant wire crosses the signal line having the wire-broken portion. The recess portions are embedded with a conductive material to thereby electrically connecting the redundant wire and the signal line having the wire-broken portion.

Abstract: An anti-theft security tag includes an engagement member and a housing for supporting an electronic article surveillance (EAS) marker. The housing includes a rotating inner core for supporting the engagement member for attachment to the article. The engagement member includes a line for connection to the article and a locking mechanism for securing the first and second ends of the line therein so that the core and the engagement member can rotate together within the housing. In one embodiment, the locking mechanism includes one or more self-crimping members which automatically secure at least one end of the line upon insertion therein. One end of the rotating core may be disposed flush with one end of the housing, so that the consumer cannot twist the line in order to remove the tag.

Abstract: A method for forming a conjugated polymer which is doped by a dopant includes the steps of (a) adding a doping agent comprising a dopant moiety to a solution containing the conjugated polymer or a precursor thereof and, optionally, a second polymer, the dopant moiety being capable of bonding to the conjugated polymer, precursor thereof or the second polymer; (b) allowing the dopant moiety to bond to the conjugated polymer, precursor thereof or the second polymer to perform doping of the conjugated polymer, wherein the amount of doping agent added in step (a) is less than the amount required to form a fully doped conjugated polymer.

Abstract: A method to manufacture a liquid crystal display device including the steps of: forming contact holes 400, 401 in signal line-broken end portions 1020, 1021 of a signal line 102 in question with respect to a broken portion 20 lying in the signal line 102 in the condition where a center portion of each contact hole is made to deviate from a center portion of the signal line 102 in the direction of the width thereof; filling the contact holes with tungsten; and forming a tungsten line 50 to cover the tungsten-filled contact holes 500, 501 and the broken portion 20.

Abstract: A first polarization control element POL1 provided on an outer surface of an array substrate AR and a second polarization control element POL2 provided on an outer surface of a counter-substrate CT control a polarization state of light that passes therethrough, such that light in a polarization state of elliptically polarized light is to be incident on the liquid crystal layer LQ. An ellipticity of elliptically polarized light, which is incident on the liquid crystal display panel LPN in a principal viewing-angle direction is greater than an ellipticity of elliptically polarized light, which is incident in a anti-principal viewing-angle direction.

Abstract: A pattern simulation method includes reticle data and exposure data. The reticle data contain reticle patterns for regions into which an entire pattern is divided. The exposure data are composed of positioning data for reticle patterns to be exposed on a substrate. A substrate pattern is formed on the substrate in accordance with the reticle data and the exposure data. OR logic operations are executed for patterns corresponding to regions of the substrate pattern exposed on the substrate to simulate exposure patterns on the substrate. Design defects of the reticle data or the exposure data can be easily found by checking of simulation patterns corresponding to regions which are not exposed on the substrate when the substrate pattern is formed on the substrate in accordance with the reticle data and the exposure data.

Abstract: An opto-electrical device comprising an anode electrode, a cathode electrode, and an opto-electrically active region located between the electrodes, the cathode electrode including a first layer comprising a material having a work function below 3.5 eV, a second layer of a different composition from the first layer, comprising another material having a work function below 3.5 eV, the second layer being further from the opto-electrically active region than the first layer, and a third layer comprising a material having a work function above 3.5 eV, the third layer being further from the opto-electrically active region than the first layer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device irradiates a light of a light source from a backside of a liquid crystal panel. A light-guiding plate provided under the liquid crystal panel guides the light of the light source to the liquid crystal panel by transmitting the light therethrough. An optical sheet is arranged between the liquid crystal panel and the light-guiding plate. A backlight housing accommodates the light-guiding plate and the optical sheet. The optical sheet has a protruding part extending outwardly from a periphery thereof. The backlight housing has an opening at a position corresponding to the protruding part.

Abstract: An organic light emissive device including a cathode; an anode; and an organic light emissive region between the cathode and the anode, wherein the cathode includes a transparent bilayer comprising a layer of a low work function metal having a work function of no more than 3.5 eV and a transparent layer of silver.

Abstract: A light-emissive device is prepared by depositing a polymer layer on a substrate. The deposition process utilizes a formulation comprising a conjugated polymer dissolved in a solvent, the solvent including a trialkyl-substituted aromatic hydrocarbon wherein at least two of the alkyl substituents are ortho to one another. The deposition of the polymer layer on the substrate may be accomplished by an ink-jet method.

Abstract: A transparent or substantially transparent formable and/or flexible component for use as an outer protective element in an electronic or opto electronic device including at least one electrically active organic layer, which component is a composite structure comprising a layer of glass of a thickness less than or equal to 200 microns and a layer of plastic.