Abstract: Liquid crystal display device 1 includes pixels PX, individual and common electrodes PE and CE provided for pixels PX and flicker compensation circuit 8. Flicker compensation circuit 8 changes a central level of common voltage Vcom for common electrode CE. Flicker compensation circuit 8 is provided with capacitor 31, variable resistor 32, switch 34, arithmetic operation circuit 33 and buffer amplifier 35. Capacitor 31 supplies common voltages Vcom from common voltage generation circuit 6. Variable resistor 32 changes common voltages Vcom while switch 34 selects one of two different voltages VCC1 and VCC2. Arithmetic operation circuit 33 combines an output of variable resistor 32 with that of switch 34 and buffer amplifier 35 supplies thus combined outputs V'com to common electrode CE as compensated common voltages.

Abstract: A method and a device for testing an array substrate for a liquid crystal display that allow time for testing to be reduced are provided. An array substrate is divided into two test blocks, and two scanning signal lines in total, one from each of the test blocks, are selected and tested at a time, so that the addresses of possible defective pixels are specified. Then, the array substrate is divided into three test blocks, and three scanning signal lines in total, one from each of the test blocks, are selected and re-tested at a time, so that the addresses of possible defective pixels are specified. Then, the address of a pixel common between the first testing and re-testing is specified as a defective address.

Abstract: A polysilicon film is formed in a predetermined region on a glass substrate, and then a gate insulating film and a gate electrode, whose width is narrower than the gate insulating film, are formed thereon. Then, an interlayer insulating film and an ITO film are formed on an overall surface. Then, n-type source/drain regions having an LDD structure are formed by implanting the n-type impurity into the polysilicon film. Then, an n-type TFT forming region and a pixel-electrode forming region are covered with a resist film, and then p-type source/drain regions are formed by implanting the p-type impurity into the polysilicon film in a p-type TFT forming region. Then, the resist film is left only in the pixel-electrode forming region and the resist film is removed from other regions. A pixel electrode is formed by etching the ITO film while using the remaining resist film as a mask.

Abstract: When radiating light onto a liquid crystal composition containing a photosensitive material, the alignment of liquid crystal molecules is adjusted by applying a voltage to the liquid crystal composition layer, to achieve substantially orderly alignment of the liquid crystal molecules, or the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules is made uniform by adjusting the structure of the liquid crystal display device, or any display defect is driven out of the display area. When radiating light to the liquid crystal composition containing the photosensitive material, the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules can be adjusted so as to achieve substantially orderly alignment of the liquid crystal molecules, and the liquid crystal display device can thus be driven stably.

Abstract: An electroluminescent device comprising: a first charge carrier injecting layer for injecting positive charge carriers; a second charge carrier injecting layer for injecting negative charge carriers; and a light-emissive layer located between the charge carrier injecting layers and comprising a mixture of: a first component for accepting positive charge carriers from the first charge carrier injecting layer; a second component for accepting negative charge carriers from the second charge carrier injecting layer; and a third, organic light-emissive component for generating light as a result of combination of charge carriers from the first and second components; at least one of the first, second and third components forming a type II semiconductor interface with another of the first, second and third components.

Abstract: To provide a source driver circuit for an EL display panel with reduced variations in output current. A source driver circuit contains unit transistors 634 each of which constitutes a single unit. The 0th bit consists of one unit transistor 634, the 1st bit consists of two unit transistors 634, the 2nd bit consists of four unit transistors 634, the 3rd bit consists of eight unit transistors 634, the 4th bit consists of 16 unit transistors 634, and the 5th bit consists of 32 unit transistors 634. Each unit transistor 634 composes a current mirror circuit in conjunction with a transistor 633a. Regulating the current Ib flowing through the transistor 633a allows for changing the current flowing through the unit transistors 634. Accurate source driver IC with small variations can be provided by configuring output current circuits with unit transistors and regulating reference currents so that the output current of the unit transistors can be regulated.

Abstract: In order to reduce an occurrence of a double image, to improve a contrast ratio in transmissive display, and to widen a viewing angle, a light diffusion layer for restricting the occurrence of the double image is placed between a viewing angle compensating plate and a reflective layer. With this configuration, though traveling directions of light emitted from a backlight placed on an outside of the reflective layer are changed in the light diffusion layer, the traveling directions are not changed in the viewing angle compensating plate and a liquid crystal layer once the light is made incident onto the viewing angle compensating plate, and the light travels straight in any of the vertical direction and slanting directions. Thus, the viewing angle compensating plate can exert an original function thereof to compensate a phase difference and can ensure a viewing angle widely.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting device, comprising: a substrate; a first conductive layer formed over the substrate; at least one layer of a light-emissive organic material formed over the first conductive layer; a barrier layer formed over the at least one organic layer which acts to protect the at least one layer of organic material; and a second conductive layer, preferably a patterned sputtered layer, formed over the barrier layer.

Abstract: A reflection-type liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate and carrying projections and depressions, a reflective electrode on the second substrate so as to cover the projections and depressions and in electrical contact with a switching device provided on the second substrate via a contact hole, and a negative liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates, wherein the contact hole is disposed centrally to the reflection electrode and a structure controlling alignment of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer is disposed so as to overlap the contact hole viewed in a direction perpendicular to the second substrate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display in multiple alignment or MVA mode in which liquid crystal molecules having negative dielectric anisotropy are aligned differently, and it is an object of the invention to provide a liquid crystal display having improved response characteristics while suppressing any reduction in transmittance.

Abstract: In a vertically aligned liquid crystal display device for controlling liquid crystal molecules alignment in voltage application by providing linear structures or linear slits consisting of a plurality of constituent units to at least one of a pair of substrates having an electrode thereon, there is provided alignment controlling means for forming an alignment singular point s=?1 of liquid crystal molecules at an intersecting point between the structures on the pixel electrode or the slits in the electrode and an edge of a pixel electrode on one of the substrates.

Abstract: A thin film transistor substrate includes a transparent insulating substrate, a first thin film transistor that is formed on the transparent insulating substrate, and a second thin film transistor that is formed on the transparent insulating substrate. The second thin film transistor has a characteristic that differs from that of the first thin film transistor. An active layer of the first thin film transistor has a thickness greater than or equal to 50 nm, and an average crystal grain diameter greater than or equal to 1 ?m. An active layer of the second thin film transistor has a thickness less than or equal to 60 nm, and an average crystal grain diameter less than 1 ?m. The thin film transistor substrate is formed by conducting poly-crystallization through CW laser irradiation while controlling off time leak current generation and pressure resistance degradation.

Abstract: To provide a drive method capable of maintaining gradation display performance regardless of screen display brightness. Reference numeral 491R denotes a regulator used to control reference current for red (R). By adjusting a reference current for R linearly, it is possible to linearly vary a current flowing through a transistor 472a which constitutes a current mirror with a transistor 471R. This changes a current flowing through a transistor 472b which has received a current-based delivery from the transistor 472a in a transistor group 521a. This in turn causes changes to a transistor 473a in a transistor group 521b which constitutes a current mirror with the transistor 472b, resulting in changes to a transistor 473b which has received a current-based delivery from the transistor 473a. Thus, since drive current of the unit transistor 484 changes, programming current can be changed linearly.

Abstract: In order to charge and discharge parasitic capacitance of a source signal line sufficiently and program a predetermined current value into a pixel transistor, it is necessary to output a relatively large current from the source driver circuit. However, if such a large current is passed through the source signal line, the value of this current is programmed into the pixel, causing a larger than desired current to flow through an EL element 15. For example, if a 10 times larger current is used for programming, a 10 times larger current flows through the EL element 15, and thus the EL element 15 illuminates 10 times more brightly. To obtain predetermined emission brightness, the time during which the current flows through the EL element can be reduced to 1/10 of one frame (1 F). This way, the parasitic capacitance of the source signal line can be charged and discharged sufficiently and the predetermined emission brightness can be obtained.

Abstract: A composition, which can be used in an ink jet printing method, can use either a non-polar or a weakly polar material as a functional material, prevents clogging at dispensing time, achieves stable dispensing, and prevents precipitation of content matter during dispensing and phase separation during film formation, a uniform, homogenous functional film formed using this composition and a manufacturing method therefor, as well as an organic EL device or other such display device and a manufacturing method therefor. A composition of the present invention consists of a functional material, and a solvent comprising at least one benzene derivative, which has one or more substituents, and these substituents have 3 or more carbon atoms in total. A functional film of the present invention is formed using the above-mentioned composition. A display device of the present invention comprises luminescent material layers formed using the above-mentioned composition between two electrodes.

Abstract: A display device includes a display area composed of pixels in a matrix. Each pixel has a light-emitting element and a driving element to supply a driving current to the light-emitting element. The driving element includes a thin film transistor with semiconductor layer 21 of a poly-crystalline film. Semiconductor layer 21 is provided with channel region 21C, and source and drain region 21S and 21D disposed on both sides of channel region 21C. Channel region 21C connects source region 21S to drain region 21D and has at least two conductive regions with different average grain sizes. Characteristics of the driving elements are made substantially uniform so that a display quality of the display device can be improved remarkably.

Abstract: In a semiconductor circuit in a display device, there are provided a first gate electrode of a first MOS transistor formed on a semiconductor layer via a gate insulating film, a second gate electrode of a second MOS transistor formed on the semiconductor layer via the gate insulating film at a distance from the first gate electrode, first and second one conductivity type impurity introduced regions formed in the semiconductor layer on both sides of the first gate electrode to serve as source/drain of the first MOS transistor, and first and second opposite conductivity type impurity introduced regions formed in the semiconductor layer on both sides of the second gate electrode to serve as source/drain of the second MOS transistor. One of the first and second opposite conductivity type impurity introduced regions is formed to contact mutually to the second one conductivity type impurity introduced region.

Abstract: Optical devices fabricated from solvent processible polymers suffer from susceptibility to solvents and morphological changes. A semiconductive polymer capable of luminescence in an optical device is provided. The polymer comprises a luminescent film-forming solvent processible polymer which contains cross-linking so as to increase its molar mass and to resist solvent dissolution, the cross-linking being such that the polymer retains semiconductive and luminescent properties.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid crystal display based on an MVA mode of multi-division alignment in which alignment states of liquid crystal molecules having a negative dielectric anisotropy are made different from each other, and provides a liquid crystal display in which a drop in transmittance is suppressed and response characteristics are improved.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display provided with an electrostatic protection element and an object of the present invention is to provide the liquid crystal display provided with superior redundancy and at the same time a sufficient protection function against static electricity in which relatively low voltage generates for a long period of time.