Abstract: The present invention provides a compound or complex comprising at least two moieties, each moiety being comprised of two or more thiophenes fused directly to each other. Also provided is a method for the production of the compounds of the present invention, which method comprises the coupling of one fused thiophene derivative to another fused thiophene derivative.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of production control that is preferably used for manufacture of electronic apparatus such as liquid crystal displays and provides a method of production control that makes it possible to set a feasible quantity to be processed. In a method of production control for a production line having a plurality of production steps, a tentative target quantity to be processed is set for a major production step; the tentative target quantity to be processed is set as a target quantity to be processed when the quantity of work in process that can be actually processed is equal to or greater than the tentative target quantity to be processed; and the quantity of work in process that can be processed is set as the target quantity to be processed when the quantity of work in process that can be processed is smaller than the tentative target quantity to be processed.

Abstract: There is provided a liquid crystal display having good display characteristics and a method of driving the same. Pixel data is written in plural pixels on one gate bus line at a top end of a display area at a first point in time on a line sequential basis. At a second point in time, the writing of pixel data in pixels in an upper part of the screen is completed, and writing of pixel data in pixels in a lower part of the screen is started. At a third point in time, the writing of pixel data in the pixels in the lower part of the screen is completed. A fluorescent tube on the upper side of the screen is turned on for a period between a third point in time after the writing of pixel data in the upper part of the screen and a fourth point in time before writing of pixel data for the next frame is started and is turned off in other periods.

Abstract: A plasma display panel (PDP) with a driving circuit one-sidedly and its manufacturing method is disclosed. The PDP includes a first substrate having a first edge, a second substrate spaced apart from the first substrate, a first electrode positioned on the first substrate along a first direction, a second electrode positioned on the second substrate along a second direction, a bonding electrode, and a conductive device. The second direction of the second electrode is substantially perpendicular to the first direction of the first electrode. The first substrate has a first length and the second substrate has a second length shorter than the first length. The bonding electrode is disposed on the first edge of the first substrate uncovered by the second substrate.

Abstract: A plurality of first bus lines extending in a row direction are formed in a first wiring layer above the principal surface of a substrate, and a plurality of second bus lines extending in a column direction are formed in a second wiring layer. Each of the second bus lines crosses each of the first bus lines. In the second wiring layer, a second bundling line extending in the row direction is formed connecting the second bus lines, and in the first wiring layer, a first auxiliary bundling line is disposed along the second bundling line. An interlayer connection member electrically connects the first auxiliary bundling line and second bundling line or second bus lines. Each of the first bus lines is cut near the connection portion to the first bundling line. Each of the second bus lines is cut near the connection portion to the second bundling line.

Abstract: A back light is provided with light sources, lighting control circuits for lighting the light sources, respectively, and a brightness control circuit for outputting light volume adjusting signals to the lighting control circuits, respectively. The brightness control circuit receives a luminance adjusting signal, adjusts only a part of the light volume adjusting signals, and fixes output of the rest of the light volume adjusting signals. The lighting control circuits apply voltages corresponding to the light volume adjusting signals to the light sources, thereby adjusting the light sources in luminance. The light volume adjusting signals can be adjusted one by one, which facilitates luminance adjustment. Thus, by lighting only one light source at the minimum luminance, the screen brightness of the liquid crystal display having this back light can be lowered to an appropriate level when it is used in dark places.

Abstract: Optical devices fabricated from solvent processible polymers suffer from susceptibility to solvents and morphological changes. A semiconductive polymer capable of luminescence in an optical device is provided. The polymer comprises a luminescent film-forming solvent processible polymer which contains cross-linking so as to increase its molar mass and to resist solvent dissolution, the cross-linking being such that the polymer retains semiconductive and luminescent properties.

Abstract: A repairable integrated thin film transistor matrix substrate includes an insulated substrate, and a plurality of parallel gate bus lines and a plurality of accumulated capacitance bus lines formed on the insulated substrate. Each of the accumulated capacitance bus lines extend parallel to and between a pair of the gate bus lines, and has a plurality of auxiliary capacitance electrodes which extend from it. A first insulated film is provided on the gate and accumulated capacitance bus lines and the auxiliary capacitance electrodes. A plurality of operating films are formed on the first insulated film, and on each of the operating films, a corresponding thin film transistors are provided. At least two of the thin film transistors are electrically connected to each of the gate bus lines. Also included is a plurality of parallel drain bus lines which are provided substantially perpendicular to the gate and the accumulated capacitance bus lines on the first insulated film.

Abstract: A photoresist stripping apparatus and a corresponding method for removing photoresist layers after a patterned polyimide layer is developed. The photoresist-stripping apparatus includes a transporting unit, a stripping unit, a washing unit, a drying unit and a control unit. The transporting unit connects the stripping unit, the washing unit and the drying unit. The control unit is responsible for controlling the transport sequence and timing of the transporting unit. The method of stripping the photoresist layer off the OLED panel includes providing a stripping solution to the stripping unit to remove photoresist layers. The OLED panel is jet-cleaned with a washing solution in the washing unit so that any residual stripping agent is removed. Finally, the surface of the OLED panel is blown dry.

Abstract: A lighting device includes a light source, a light conducting plate having an incident surface receiving light emitted from the light source, a back surface and a light-emitting surface, and a reflection member having a first portion facing the back surface, and a second portion located on a side opposite to a side of the light conducting plate on which the light source is located. The second portion is spaced apart from the light conducting plate so that light emitted from the light conducting plate is oriented toward an emission surface of the lighting device.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid crystal display device used for a display part of an information equipment and a driving method thereof, and has an object to provide a liquid crystal display device in which excellent viewing angle characteristics can be obtained and a driving method thereof. When a relatively high level data voltage is applied to a gate electrode of a TFT, a driving voltage is applied to a liquid crystal layer for a long time and a white display is realized. When a relatively low level data voltage is applied to the gate electrode of the TFT, the driving voltage is not applied to the liquid crystal layer, and a black display is realized. When an intermediate data voltage between the high level and the low level is applied to the gate electrode of the TFT, the TFT keeps an on state for a time determined by a time constant depending on a capacitance and a resistance. The driving voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer for the on time.

Abstract: Before cutting a gang-printed substrate having a multiplicity of liquid crystal display panel regions provided thereon into individual liquid crystal display panels, a voltage is applied to all of the multiplicity of liquid crystal display panel regions to inspect display defects, polymerize a monomer in the liquid crystal component, and control alignment of the liquid crystal, which allows the time required for a voltage applying step to be reduced and allows a reduction in the manufacturing cost. A dispenser injection process is used to allow a liquid crystal to be injected between mother boards that have not been cut into individual display panels, and a voltage is applied after the pair of glass substrates are combined and before they are cut into individual display panels to perform a test on display defects (dynamic operating test), pretilt control, and an aligning process.

Abstract: A semiconductor film into which p-type impurities have been introduced is formed on a substrate. Subsequently, a resist film is formed on the semiconductor film, and dry etching is performed to the semiconductor film using the resist film as a mask. Due to the dry etching, the edge portion of the semiconductor film protrudes from the resist film. Next, the p-type impurities are introduced into the edge portion of the semiconductor film using the resist film as a mask. The volume density of the p-type impurities in a channel edge portion of the semiconductor film is two to five times the volume density of the p-type impurities in a channel center section. Subsequently, the resist film is removed to form a gate insulating film and a gate electrode.

Abstract: A liquid-crystal-display device which displays an image on display matrix by supplying video signals to pixel cells of the display matrix includes a data driver supplying the video signals to the display matrix and including N digital drivers, N×k common-signal lines, and N×k×n switch blocks, wherein every k lines of the N×k common-signal lines are connected to a corresponding one of the N digital drivers, and every n blocks of the N×k×n switch blocks are connected to a corresponding one of the N×k common-signal lines, each of the common-signal lines being comprised of m lines and each of the switch blocks includes m selection switches, which couples the common-signal lines to the pixel cells of the display matrix.

Abstract: The invention relates to a substrate for a liquid crystal display that forms a part of a display of an information apparatus and a liquid crystal display having the same. The invention provides a substrate for a liquid crystal display which contributes to suppression of an increase in the number of manufacturing steps and an increase in a manufacturing cost and which improves the yield of manufacture, a liquid crystal display having the same, and a method of manufacturing the same.

Abstract: An operational unit determines, for subfield(s) other than a last subfield of a plurality of subfields constituting a single frame period, based on a difference determined by a data comparison unit, exceeded display data for setting the transmittance of each pixel to a value exceeding a target transmittance corresponding to image data supplied anew. The operational unit also determines, for the last subfield of the single frame period, based on the difference determined by the data comparison unit, target display data for setting the transmittance of each pixel to the target transmittance. An overshoot operation or operations are performed within the single frame period, and each pixel is set to the transmittance corresponding to the image data. This makes it possible to avoid trails occurring in moving image display and enhance the appearance of moving image display with no increase in frame rate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a manufacturing method of a liquid crystal display device in which an alignment direction of a liquid crystal molecule at the time of driving is regulated by using a polymer, and has an object to provide a manufacturing method of a liquid crystal display device in which excellent display characteristics can be obtained. A liquid crystal layer containing a polymerizable component capable of being polymerized by light is sealed between two substrates arranged to be opposite to each other, the polymerizable component is polymerized by irradiation of light under a predetermined light irradiation condition while a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer under a predetermined voltage application condition, and when a pre-tilt angle of a liquid crystal molecule and/or an alignment direction at a time of driving is regulated, at least one of the voltage application condition and the light irradiation condition is changed for each region.

Abstract: A thin film transistor substrate including a semiconductor layer having a source region and a drain region, an insulating film and a gate electrode which are formed on the semiconductor layer, an interlayer insulating film which is a film stack with mutually different dielectric constants and which covers the gate electrode, a source region contact hole and a drain region contact hole which are formed on the interlayer insulating film, a pixel electrode connected to the source region through the source region contact hole, a first conductive film connected to the drain region through the drain region contact hole and formed of the same film as that of the pixel electrode, and a second conductive film connected to the drain region through the first conductive film.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display can operate with as the small number of control signals supplied to individual drivers as possible while current control functions are maintained. The liquid crystal display comprises a liquid crystal panel containing a data line, a data driver driving a data line, and a controller outputting N control functions controlling a driving operation the data driver driving the data line to less than or equal to (N−1) control signal lines connected to the data driver.

Abstract: A polysilicon film is formed in a predetermined region on a glass substrate, and then a gate insulating film and a gate electrode, whose width is narrower than the gate insulating film, are formed thereon. Then, an interlayer insulating film and an ITO film are formed on an overall surface. Then, n-type source/drain regions having an LDD structure are formed by implanting the n-type impurity into the polysilicon film. Then, an n-type TFT forming region and a pixel-electrode forming region are covered with a resist film, and then p-type source/drain regions are formed by implanting the p-type impurity into the polysilicon film in a p-type TFT forming region. Then, the resist film is left only in the pixel-electrode forming region and the resist film is removed from other regions. A pixel electrode is formed by etching the ITO film while using the remaining resist film as a mask.