Abstract: A liquid crystal is arranged between a pair of substrates. One substrate has a plurality of stripe electrodes extending parallel to each other, and the other substrate has a transparent electrode covering substantially the whole surface of the other substrate. An oblique electric field is formed between the stripe electrodes and the transparent electrode, so that the liquid crystal molecules are aligned along the oblique electric field. In addition, a dielectric layer is arranged between the transparent electrode and the alignment layer.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a fringe field switching mode liquid crystal display. The disclosed comprises: a lower and an upper substrates disposed opposite to each other at a predetermined distance, having transparency; a counter electrode and a pixel electrode disposed on the inner surface of the lower substrate with a gate insulating layer interposed and made of transparent conductors, forming a fringe field when a electric field is applied; a black matrix and color filter formed on the inner surface of the upper substrate; an ITO layer disposed on the inner surface of the upper substrate which has the black matrix and the color filter therein; and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the lower and the upper substrates, including a plurality of liquid crystal molecules of negative dielectric anisotropy. In the FFS mode LCD of the present invention, the counter electrode has a plate shape and the pixel electrode has a slit shape.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate and a second substrate sandwiching a liquid crystal layer therebetween, a first polarizer disposed adjacent to the first substrate at a side opposite to a side of the first polarizer facing the liquid crystal layer, with a first gap between the first polarizer and the first substrate, a second polarizer disposed adjacent to the second substrate at a side opposite to a side of the second polarizer facing the liquid crystal layer, with a second gap between the second polarizer and the second substrate, wherein at least one of the first and second gaps includes therein a first retardation film having a positive optical anisotropy and a second retardation film having a negative optical anisotropy, such that the first retardation film is disposed closer to the liquid crystal layer with respect to the second retardation film.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device including a pair of substrates in a spaced relationship with one another. A pair of alignment films are provided, one alignment film being formed on each substrate such that the alignment films face one another. A liquid crystal layer, including plural liquid crystals, is inserted between the pair of alignment films, wherein the alignment films impart a given pre-tilt angle to the liquid crystals. The alignment films are composed of a material containing at least two types of polymers having a prescribed initial alignment and different alignment variation rates in response to ultra-violet ray irradiation. The pre-tilt angle being adjusted, without rubbing the alignment films, through ultraviolet exposure of the alignment films.

Abstract: In a vertically aligned liquid crystal display device for controlling liquid crystal molecules alignment in voltage application by providing linear structures or linear slits consisting of a plurality of constituent units to at least one of a pair of substrates having an electrode thereon, there is provided alignment controlling means for forming an alignment singular point s=−1 of liquid crystal molecules at an intersecting point between the structures on the pixel electrode or the slits in the electrode and an edge of a pixel electrode on one of the substrates.

Abstract: A pair of substrates is disposed in parallel at a gap distance therebetween. Liquid crystal material containing liquid crystal molecules having negative dielectric anisotropy is filled in between the substrates. The liquid crystal molecules are homeotropically aligned. On the opposing surface of one of the substrates, pixel electrodes are disposed in a matrix form and data bus lines and gate bus lines are disposed. The gate bus line passes an inner area of each pixel electrode. Switching elements are formed on the opposing surface of the substrate. Each switching element is controlled by the gate bus line at another row. Protrusions are formed on the opposing surface of one of the substrates. The protrusions divide an area of the pixel electrode into a plurality of areas and each is bent on the gate bus line. A domain border regulating unit is formed on the opposing surface of the other of the substrates. The protrusions and domain border regulating unit define the borders of each domain.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device has: a first substrate having an insulating surface; a display unit disposed in a central area of the first substrate and including a plurality of pixels disposed in a matrix shape, a plurality of scan lines for activating pixels disposed in a row direction, and a plurality of signal lines each for transferring video data to an activated pixel among pixels disposed in a column direction; a scan line driver circuit formed in a first row direction side area of a peripheral area of the first substrate outside of the display unit, the scan line driver circuit generating a signal for driving the scan lines; a signal line driver circuit formed in a first column direction side area of the peripheral area of the first substrate, the signal line driver circuit generating a signal for driving the signal lines; and a repair circuit formed in a partial area of the peripheral area of the first substrate, the repair circuit having substantially a same structure as a portion of the scan line

Abstract: A front loading and front-dispensing drop rotation tray for product display and dispensing include a pair of vertically aligned inclined tracks for supporting product thereon, the tracks generally being inclined in an orientation for fostering product movement relative thereto—namely, a first upwardly and rearwardly inclined loading/dispensing track, and a second upwardly and rearwardly inclined dispensing track beneath the first track. The first track defines a drop aperture adjacent the rear end thereof enabling the passage of product from the first track onto the second track, whereby successive forcible loading of product onto the front of the first track causes the product to pass, under the influence of gravity, to the second track for display and dispensing.

Abstract: An efficient multiple-wavelength light emitting device is provided. This multiple-wavelength light emitting device comprises a light emitting layer 4 for emitting light containing wavelength components to be output, a negative electrode 5 that is positioned at the back surface of the light emitting layer and that transmits at least a portion of the light, reflecting layers 7R, 7G, and 7B, positioned at the back surface of the negative electrode, for reflecting, of the light emitted through the negative electrode to the back surface, light having specific wavelengths, which reflecting layers are stacked up in order perpendicularly to the light axis, in correspondence with the wavelengths of the light to be reflected, thus configuring a reflecting layer group 7. In the direction perpendicular to the light axis, divisions are made in any of at least two or more light emission regions which reflect light of different wavelengths.

Abstract: A simulation method is provided in which by using a device model of a thin film transistor in which a nonlinear resistance element or a transistor having characteristics different from an intrinsic transistor is connected to the intrinsic transistor without characteristic deterioration due to a hot carrier, and a circuit operation after hot carrier deterioration can be simulated even by a general-purpose circuit simulator. The nonlinear resistance element is connected to a drain electrode of the intrinsic transistor (conventional device model) without hot carrier deterioration, and an increase of nonlinear resistance due to hot carrier injection is simulated by the nonlinear resistance element. As the nonlinear resistance element, a transistor in which a drain and a gate are connected is used. An increase of channel resistance due to hot carrier deterioration is set by setting the channel length, channel width, and threshold value of the transistor to predetermined values.

Abstract: Nozzle plate for a drop on demand printer having a coating formed of fused particles of fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer. The coating, which offers a low surface energy and good resistance to wear is formed on a laser ablatable material and has an average thickness of at least 200 nm but not greater than 600 nm.

Abstract: In the fabrication of a CMOS-TFT, non-selectively doping (for both of p- and n-type TFTS) and selectively doping (only for the n-type TFT) with p-type impurities (B: boron) are successively performed at very low concentrations to control the threshold voltages (Vthp and Vthn). More specifically, the Id-Vg characteristics of the p- and n-type TFTs are initially negatively shifted. In this state, non-selectively doping is performed positively to shift the p- and n-type TFTs first to adjust the Vthp to a specified value. Selectively doping is then performed positively to shift only the n-type TFT to adjust the Vthn to a specified value. The threshold voltages of the p- and n-type TFTs constructing the CMOS-TFT can be independently and efficiently (with minimum photolithography) controlled with high accuracy.

Abstract: A display device comprising a primary light-emissive region, a light-sensitive region and a secondary light-emissive region, wherein: the primary light-emissive region comprises an organic light-emissive material and a pair of electrodes arranged to apply an electric field across the light-emissive material to cause it to emit light; the light-sensitive region comprises a photocathode responsive to light from the primary light-emissive region to release charged particles towards the secondary light-emissive region; sand the secondary light-emissive region comprises a phosphorescent material excitable by the charged particles from the light-sensitive region to emit light.

Abstract: The invention relates to a substrate for a liquid crystal display used in a display section of an information apparatus and a liquid crystal display having the same and provides a substrate for a liquid crystal display and a liquid crystal display having the same that provide good display characteristics without any increase in manufacturing steps. A configuration is employed which includes a plurality of gate bus lines formed on a substrate substantially in parallel with each other, a plurality of drain bus lines formed on the substrate such that they intersect the gate bus lines with an insulation film interposed therebetween, pixel regions provided on the substrate in the form of a matrix, pixel electrodes having a plurality of electrode units formed in the pixel regions, slits formed between the electrode units, and connection electrodes for connecting the plurality of electrode units with each other and a thin film transistor formed at each pixel region.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a method of driving a liquid crystal display in which optimum pre-writing can be performed on a first line during a vertical blanking line based on a data enable signal from a system. In a method of driving a liquid crystal display for controlling timing for outputting grayscale data to a predetermined pixel based on a data enable signal Enab, a period of the data enable signal is measured as a horizontal period (steps S2 through S5); a virtual enable signal is generated during a vertical blanking period based on the horizontal period (steps S6 through S8); the sum of the data enable signal and virtual enable signal is held as a vertical period (step S10); and pre-writing of a predetermined grayscale data is performed at least in a pixel at a display starting line at a point in time that precedes the vertical period by an amount which is an integral multiple of the horizontal period (steps S11 through S15).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a plasma display panel, including a front glass substrate, a rear glass substrate, a rod, a base plate, and a screw. The rear glass substrate includes a first plane and a second plane, wherein the first plane is connected with the front glass substrate. The rod is adherent to the rear glass substrate by means of an adhesive. The base plate is tightly connected with the rear glass substrate, wherein an integrated protrusion is formed on the base plate at a location corresponding to the rod. An accommodation space is formed between the protrusion and the rear glass substrate to accommodate the rod, and the screw is provided to lock the rod onto the base plate.

Abstract: An alignment tool for assembling a rear plate and a frame of a flat display panel is introduced. The rear plate includes a front surface, a rear surface opposing to the front surface for adhering with the frame in an aligning process, and an alignment mark located at the front surface. The alignment mark has a predetermined thickness and is protruded from the front surface. The alignment tool includes a base, a clamp arm and an upper arm. The base further includes a base top surface and an alignment notch. The base top surface is used for contacting with the front surface of the rear plate and the alignment notch has at least two alignment sides for matching with the alignment mark. The clamp arm is protruded from the base, and the upper arm is protruded from the clamp arm and used for aligning with the frame. The upper arm includes an arm lower surface parallel to and spaced apart from the base top surface by a predetermined distance for forming an open space in between.

Abstract: An active matrix type liquid crystal display capable of displaying an image of high quality and brightness.

Abstract: The invention relates to a substrate for a liquid crystal display device, a liquid crystal display device provided with the same, and a manufacturing method of the same, and provides a substrate for a liquid crystal display device in which a manufacture process can be cut down and manufacturing cost is reduced, a liquid crystal display device provided with the same, and a manufacturing method of the same.

Abstract: It is the object to provide a liquid crystal display to prevent adverse effects by crosstalk and/or EMI. A liquid crystal display, which has a transistor board having a plurality of transistors each including a gate, a source and a drain, a common board including a common electrode and provided to oppose the aforesaid transistor board via liquid crystal, a gate driver for driving the gates of a plurality of transistors, and a source driver with a plurality of source driver units being cascaded, for driving the sources of a plurality of transistors, is provided. Each of the source driver units has flip-flops operated in synchronism with a clock signal, and inverters for inverting the clock signal to output it to the source driver unit in a next stage.