Abstract: In an electrostatic spray ionization method for spraying a liquid layer from an insulating plate 2, the plate is arranged between two electrodes 1, 4. A constant high voltage power supply 3 is provided and an electric circuit is used to charge and discharge locally a surface of the liquid layer 7 on the insulating plate 2 by applying the power supply between the electrodes 1, 4.

Abstract: A method for high resolution NMR (=nuclear magnetic resonance) measurements using the application of excitation pulses and the acquisition of data points, whereby a dwell time ?t separates the acquisition of two consecutive data points, which is characterized in that one or more tickling rf (=radio frequency) pulses of duration ?p are applied within each dwell time ?t, and that the average rf field amplitude of each of the tickling rf pulses approximately fulfills the condition ?1=?1?p/?t=?J wherein J is the scalar J-coupling constant and ?1=?B1 with ? being the gyromagnetic ratio and B1 being the strength of the magnetic component of each tickling rf pulse. This method is effective in decoupling homonuclear couplings.

Abstract: The present invention provides a solid state heterojunction solar cell comprising a transparent conducting support layer (2,3), on which a nanostructured, surface-increasing scaffold structure is provided, wherein an organic-inorganic perovskite layer (4) is provided on said scaffold structure, and wherein a counter electrode and/or metal layer (5) is provided in electric contact with said perovskite layer (4). According to an embodiment, the solar cell lacks an electrolyte or any hole conducting material. The invention also relates to a solid state ' heterojunction and to a method of preparing the solar cell.

Abstract: The present invention relates to organometallic compounds useful in the treatment of metastasis. The organometallic compounds comprise a ligand that is covalently bound to a bioactive compound, which is an inhibitor of a resistance pathway or a derivative thereof. Preferably, the organometallic compounds are half-sandwich (“piano-stool”) compounds. The compounds of the present invention offer a high variability with respect to the bioactive compound and to the nature of the ligand bound to a central transition metal.

Abstract: A method for chemically passivating a surface of a product made of a III-V semiconductor material in which a) a P(N) polymer film is formed by deposition in a solvent comprising liquid ammonia. The film is formed by deposition, without electrochemical assistance, in the solvent, in the presence of an oxidizing chemical additive comprising phosphorous and generating electrical charge carriers in said surface.

Abstract: In bus communications methods and apparatus, a first set of physical signals representing the information to be conveyed over the bus is provided, and mapped to a codeword of a spherical code, wherein a codeword is representable as a vector of a plurality of components and the bus uses at least as many signal lines as components of the vector that are used, mapping the codeword to a second set of physical signals, wherein components of the second set of physical signals can have values from a set of component values having at least three distinct values for at least one component, and providing the second set of physical signals for transmission over the data bus in a physical form.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for determining the Walsh-Hadamard transform of N samples of a signal, comprises electing a plurality of hashing C matrices ?1, . . . ?C, computing C hashes of a particular length based at least on a hashing front end and the plurality of matrices ?1, . . . ?C, forming a bipartite graph with a plurality of variable nodes and a plurality of check nodes, the variable nodes being non-zero coefficients to recover, and the check nodes being hashed samples, finding an isolated check node and recovering non-zero coefficients connected to the isolated check node by employing collision detection and support estimation of the signal, peeling from the bipartite graph the recovered non-zero coefficients, and repeating the computing step, forming step, finding step and peeling step until all the nodes in the plurality of check nodes are zero.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a color conversion film comprising at least one active layer, said layer comprising an organic fluorescent dye containing a fluorescent core, wherein said dye is substituted with at least one polymer segment. It also concerns its method of preparation.

Abstract: A method is provided for exciting at least one electrode of a capacitively coupled reactive plasma reactor containing a substrate. The electrode is excited by applying a RF voltage with a trapezoidal waveform comprising a ramp-up, a high plateau, a ramp-down and a low plateau. The plasma density can be controlled by adjusting the duration of the ramp-up, the duration of the ramp-down, the amplitude and the repetition rate of the trapezoidal waveform. The ion energy distribution function at the substrate can be controlled by adjusting the amplitude and the relative duration between the high plateau and the low plateau of the trapezoidal waveform.

Abstract: A method for performing magnetic resonance spectroscopy on solid samples containing nuclei of interest with spin quantum number I subjects the sample to a static magnetic field. The sample is spun at the magic angle and broad-band excitation of transverse magnetization of the nuclei of interest is effected by applying a first train of rotor-synchronized rf-pulses, having a carrier frequency, to the nuclei of interest with a pulse duration 0.1 ?s<?p<2 ?s, the first train of rf-pulses comprising k·n pulses extending over k rotor periods ?rot with n pulses per rotor period ?rot, wherein n is an integer n>1. Uniform excitation of a great number of spinning sidebands or families of sidebands that arise from large first-order quadrupole or hyperfine interactions is enabled and signal intensity is thereby improved.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel dyes for dye sensitized photovoltaic conversion devices. The dyes contain novel anchoring ligands, which have a vinyl or phenylethenyl moiety incorporated in the anchoring bipyridine. Such dyes exhibit an increased molar extinction coefficient and enhanced red response in the visible regions.

Abstract: An execution of a target software program that causes a particular bug to manifest itself is generated. A target software program is received. A bug report generated by an execution of the target software program is received. The bug report describes a particular bug within the target software program. A bug type of the particular bug is received. A synthesized execution file is generated based on the target software program, the bug report, and the bug type. The synthesized execution file specifies an execution of the target software program that causes the particular bug to manifest itself.

Abstract: A digital filter bank having a number J?1 of stages is disclosed. For each integer j such that 1?j?J, the j-th stage includes a plurality of filtering units (20, 21) each receiving an input signal of the j-th stage. These filtering units include a low-pass filtering unit (20) using real filtering coefficients and at least one band-pass filtering unit (21) using complex filtering coefficients. Following each band-pass filtering unit of the j-th stage, a respective modulus processing unit (25) generates a processed real signal as a function of squared moduli of complex output values of the band-pass filtering unit. The input signal of the first stage is a digital signal supplied to the digital filter bank, while for 1<j?J, the input signal of the j-th stage includes the processed real signal generated by at least one modulus processing unit of the (j?1)-th stage.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for encoding and decoding information. In one aspect, methods of encoding information in an encoder include receiving a signal representing information using a collection of discrete digits, converting, by an encoder, the received signal into a time-based code, and outputting the time-based code. The time-based code is divided into time intervals. Each of the time intervals of the time-based code corresponds to a digit in the received signal. Each digit of a first state of the received signal is expressed as an event occurring at a first time within the corresponding time interval of the time-based code. Each digit of a second state of the received signal is expressed as an event occurring at a second time within the corresponding time intervals of the time-based code, the first time is distinguishable from the second time.

Abstract: A method and device for predicting faults in a distributed heterogeneous IT system (100), the method comprising: creating a local checkpoint (19) in an explorer node (10) of said system (100), said local checkpoint (19) reflecting the state of said explorer node (10); running a path exploration engine (14) on said local checkpoint (19) in order to predict faults, wherein a plurality of possible inputs (71) are used by said exploration engine (14) in order to explore different paths, wherein path exploration comprises sending messages to remote client nodes (20), and receiving messages from said remote clients (20); wherein said received messages do not reveal checkpoints of said other nodes, so as to avoid leakage of any confidential information.

Abstract: A method and system for the rapid detection of biomolecular interactions, the system comprising a sensing platform which comprises a primary support structure including recesses designed to be located in front of a detection unit, said recesses containing one or several arrays of biosensors, said system furthermore comprising a reader unit for optical excitation and detection.

Abstract: A method for imaging a microscopic object with improved resolution including the steps of measuring a complex wavefield scattered by the microscopic object with an instrument or microscope, the complex wavefield being represented by phase and amplitude or by real and imaginary parts; and computing an image of the microscopic object with a resolution better than given by the Abbe diffraction limit, including deconvolving the complex wavefield scattered by the microscopic object with a complex coherent transfer function (CTF) applied to the complex wavefield.

Abstract: A generator of very short pulses where a cascade of inverters of arbitrary length characterized in that said inverters are adapted to produce pulses on their power supply line instead of their usual output.

Abstract: A passive device for the coherent combination of at least two optical amplifiers, includes an interferometer having at least four branches having optical elements for separating and combining polarization, the elements having four inlet-outlet ports that are respectively connected to a branch. The first branch includes a first polarization element, a first optical amplifier and a first mirror; the second branch includes a second polarization element, a second optical amplifier and a second mirror; the third branch includes a third polarization element and a third mirror; the fourth branch is an inlet-outlet branch of the interferometer. The three polarization elements are designed such that a polarized optical beam entering respectively into the first, second or third branch and reflected by the mirror at the end thereof forms a polarized optical beam leaving the branch with a polarization that is orthogonal to that of the polarized optical beam entering the branch.

Abstract: A method suitable for preparing a specimen for inspection, the method comprising the steps of: irradiating a photocathode so that the photocathode emits electrons from a surface of the photocathode, wherein the emitted electrons each follow a trajectory, and the trajectories of the electrons are such that they can be extrapolated to intersect at a region within the photocathode, the region defining a virtual source, and wherein the photocathode comprises a rounded tip which has a radius of curvature; configuring the emitted electrons so that they form an electron beam; focusing the electron beam onto a specimen to form an image of the virtual source on the specimen. There is further provided a corresponding electron beam apparatus.