Abstract: An improved power filter circuit is disclosed. The improvement concern providing a clamping device between a ground lead and a terminal of a safety circuit such that when the power filter has its hot and neutral leads properly connected to hot and neutral leads of a utility circuit, a switch of the safety circuit connects the clamping device to be between ground and neutral leads of the power filter circuit, but when the hot and neutral leads of a utility circuit are reversed, the switch of the safety circuit connects the safety circuit directly between the neutral and hot leads of the power filter circuit, thereby creating an indicator, such as a red light, that the hot and neutral leads are reversed, yet the clamping device is now not connected between the neutral and ground leads of the power filter circuit. Accordingly, the clamping device connected between the ground and neutral leads may be rated during normal operations at a lower value, e.g.

Abstract: A controller for a switch mode power supply includes an undervoltage protection circuit responsive to an input supply voltage indicative signal. The input supply voltage indicative signal is also coupled to a foldback point correction circuit. The correction circuit causes a decrease in a maximum duty cycle of a control signal when the input supply voltage increases and is still smaller than a predetermined magnitude. A zener diode limits the input supply voltage indicative signal in a manner to prevent a further decrease in the duty cycle when the input supply voltage exceeds the predetermined magnitude.

Abstract: A nonsynchronous communication controller for an AV system is disclosed including a first collision detector for detecting a first collision signal and a noise of an impulse component; a noise removing portion for detecting the first collision signal without noise; a 1/2 window signal generator for producing a 1/2 Tm window signal; a delay compensator for compensating for time base delay; a first collision compensator for comparing and mixing a compensation signal of the delay compensator and the 1/2 Tm window signal of the 1/2 window signal generator; a second collision detector for comparing and mixing the first compensated signal of the first collision compensator and the 1/2 Tm window signal of the 1/2 window signal generator; a window signal generator for changing the second collision signal of the second collision detector to a window signal, and interrupting data transmission to a microcomputer; a transmission determining portion for comparing and mixing the window signal of the window signal generator

Abstract: An hierarchical addressing mechanism for use in a paging system is disclosed. The paging system assigns a compressed organization identifier to each of the organization identifiers for the organizations that are sharing the resources of the paging system. Each of the pagers within the paging system are provided with an associative table that associates the compressed organization identifiers with organization identifiers. In operation, the paging system forms a page by appending an address word to a message. The address word includes the compressed organization identifier determined from the associative table and the pager identifier for the called pager. In this manner, a more efficient method of addressing pagers is disclosed.

Abstract: A horizontal lock detector circuit monitors charge pump control signals within a horizontal phase-lock loop to determine when the sampling pulses generated by the video system are locked in phase with the synchronization pulses of the input composite video signal. An output signal is generated by the lock detector circuit which is active when the sampling pulses are locked in phase with the input signal and inactive when the sampling pulses are not locked in phase with the input signal. The charge pump control signals are generated by a phase detector circuit within the phase-lock loop in response to a difference in phase between the sampling pulses and the input signal. Once the sampling pulses are locked in phase with the input signal, the charge pump control signals will become inactive. A current source is enabled when either of the charge pump control signals are active. The current source builds up a first level of charge on a first capacitor during the horizontal blanking period.

Abstract: A forward converter includes a chopper transformer having a primary winding and one or more secondary windings. A corresponding rectifier and a corresponding filter capacitor is coupled to each secondary winding. An inductor is coupled in series with the primary winding. A low impedance current path that includes the corresponding rectifier is formed between each secondary winding and the corresponding filter capacitor. The inductor limits the rate of change of the current in each current path.

Abstract: A disc loading/ejecting mechanism and a disc player including the same wherein a disc is clamped by a guide member and a roller during loading and ejection. The roller is tapered from its ends toward its central portion such that the smallest diameter is at the central portion. A guide top is pivotally connected to a casing of the disc player and includes lower surfaces in the shape of upside-down "V"s having inclined surfaces which come closer to the roller at both end portions thereof. Opposing edges of an inserted disc are clamped by the inclined surfaces and tapered portions of the roller. However, since the guide top pivots on a support shaft, the guide top follows the position of the disc so that uniform carrying force is always provided to the disc.

Abstract: An improved sheet feeding apparatus and a method thereof, which includes a driving unit for driving corresponding elements; a sheet feeding unit for feeding a sheet by the driving unit; a sheet withdrawing detection unit for detecting as to whether or not a sheet is withdrawn; a sheet feeding direction converting unit for converting a feeding-back direction of the sheet; a sheet feeding-back completion detecting unit for detecting the completion of feeding-back sheet; and a sheet storing unit for storing a sheet into a sheet storing box, and further includes the steps of a first step which judges as to whether or not a sheet is fed back; a second step which converts a sheet feeding direction; a third step which feeds back the sheet; a fourth step which judges as to whether or not a sheet feeding-back is completed; and a fifth step which stores a sheet into a sheet storing box, thus advantageously preventing jamming and skewing of a sheet in operation.

Abstract: Ferric chloride is separated from nickel chloride in a spent etchant solution 10 using a solvent extractant system 12. An extractant solution 14 is mixed with an HCl solution 16 to form an aqueous layer 18 and an organic extractant 20. The organic extractant 20 is introduced into an extraction section 22 of the system 12 and mixed with a recycled, stripped organic solvent 32 and a first raffinate 34 to form a first mixture 36 which is separated into a first organic layer 38 and a Ni-containing aqueous layer 40. A feed solution 44 consisting of the spent etchant solution 10 and concentrated HCl is combined with the first organic layer 38 to form a second mixture 46 which is separated into the first raffinate 34 and an organic solution 47 having a high concentration of iron. The solution 47 is introduced into a stripping section 48 of the system 12 and mixed with a raffinate 58 to form a third mixture 60 which is separated into a partially stripped organic layer 62 and an aqueous ferric chloride solution 64.

Abstract: Digital data comprised of bytes formed of a predetermined number of data bits are encoded for representation in a video frame. Each byte of digital data, or a portion thereof, is represented in a respective region of the video frame by one or more video component levels that are assigned to the region and which correspond to the numerical value of the data bits of the byte or of the portion. The digital data are represented in the video frames in place of a video image or, alternatively, are represented in the same frames in which video images are recorded but in the areas of the frame in which the video image is not ordinarily recorded. Digital data represented in the video frame are decoded from the video component levels assigned to the regions.

Abstract: An electrolytic cell comprised of a tank for holding electrolytic solution, and a drum rotatable about a horizontal axis having a non-conductive cylindrical outer surface disposed within the tank, and a plurality of elongated, like anodes arranged about the outer surface of the drum. The anodes together form a generally continuous cylindrical surface spaced from, and generally conforming to, the outer surface of the drum. Each of the anodes has at least one end projecting through the tank. A plurality of power sources is provided together with connection means for connecting groups of one or more of the projecting ends of the anodes to each power source.

Abstract: A paper buffering material for pre-packing an electronic product which can replace the conventional foamed polystyrene resin. The buffering material includes a paper panel of predetermined width and shape, which has a plurality of grooves in predetermined portions thereof to fix and support the electronic product and a plurality of ribs on both surfaces of the panel to buffer external impacts.

Abstract: A demodulation correcting circuit for an FSK signal receiver which include an AFC for correcting a reception frequency error to provide stabilized demodulation, said demodulation correcting circuit comprising subtracting circuit followed to a loop filter for eliminating or correcting a variation of the center frequency of the FSK modulation signal, which is caused by the fact that the AFC responds to low frequency components including DC of the FSK modulation signal and which brings about a decrease of noise margin.

Abstract: A Digital signal processor selectively demodulates and decodes signals received from multiple types of transmission channels such as satellite, terrestrial and cable transmission channels. A received signal is representative of compressed digital video information such as television picture information, and is encoded in one of a plurality of coding formats (e.g., trellis or punctured codes of selectable code rate). The received signal is also modulated in one of a plurality of modulation formats (e.g., PAM, QAM or PSK). A demodulator selectively demodulates the signal modulated in one of the plurality of modulation formats, and a decoder selectively decodes the demodulated signal coded in one of the plurality of coding formats.

Abstract: A robust optoelectronic transceiver module which is quick, easy, and inexpensive to manufacture. The transceiver module has a main housing which consists of a potting box with potting material inserted therein. In addition, a circuit board is encased by the potting material. The circuit board has an optical subassembly mounted thereon. The optical subassembly extends outside of the potting box through a recess. Correspondingly, a recess cover is provided for forming a liquid tight seal between the recess cover, the potting box, and the optical subassembly.

Abstract: A crash stop is used for an actuator arm of a hard disk drive. The crash stop includes a base portion that is pivotally connected to a post that separates the magnets of a voice coil motor. Extending from the base portion is a tab portion that can be rotated between a first position and a second position. When in the second position the tab limits the movement of the actuator arm so that the sliders of the disk drive cannot move off of the disks. The actuator arm, voice coil motor and crash stop can be installed by initially placing the crash stop in the first position and orienting the actuator arm in an off disk position. The actuator arm and voice coil motor are then mounted to a base plate of the disk drive. The actuator arm is rotated to load the magnetic heads onto the disks of the disk drive. The crash stop is then rotated to the second position and a cover is subsequently attached to the base plate to enclose the assembly.

Abstract: A linkage operation between a TV set and a VCR set is allowed by inputting and/or outputting caption data from/to TV set and VCR set, TV set including a TV state detector for detecting the current TV state, a TV microprocessor for controlling the corresponding function in the VCR set according to a detection signal from the TV state detector and a caption signal input/output through the transmission lines, a TV caption signal processor for decoding or encoding the caption signal by the control of the TV microprocessor, and a TV video signal processor for data-converting the caption signal reproduced onto a TV caption encoder of the TV caption signal processor and transmitting the converted signal to a VCR caption decoder of the VCR set, and the VCR set including a VCR state detector for detecting the current VCR state, a VCR microprocessor for controlling the corresponding function in the TV set according to a detection signal from the VCR state detector and a caption signal input/output through the transmiss

Abstract: An improved double picture producing apparatus for a wide screen television capable of concurrently achieving an aspect ratio conversion and a double picture display using a picture zooming up function of an aspect ratio conversion, which includes a clock generating unit for receiving a horizontal synchronous signal and for outputting a writing clock signal, a reading clock signal, and a mode selection signal; a decimating unit for counting the writing clock signal outputted from the clock generating unit and for outputting a writing address and a reading address in accordance with a mode selection signal; a double picture video signal generating unit for receiving a first video signal and a second video signal which are aspect-ratio-converted by the first and second zooming units and for outputting a video signal of a double picture by dividing the number of scanning lines of the video signals in half; and a video signal selection unit for receiving first and second video signals aspect-ratio-converted by th