Abstract: Non-toxic polymeric compositions suitable for use in the handling and packaging of foods, beverages or pharmaceuticals, or for use in medical devices, are stabilized against thermal and oxidative degradation with a organosulfide antioxidant having no more than 5 parts per million of free mercaptan groups.

Abstract: A process for producing a novel catalyst wherein an amorphous alumina gel is formed at least on the surface of an aluminum-containing material, the gel is heated to form crystalline .alpha.- or .beta.-alumina trihydrate and the trihydrate is sulfided, the product of said process, and the method of producing mercaptans from alcohols or ethers and hydrogen sulfide at elevated temperature in the presence of said novel catalyst, are disclosed herein.

Abstract: An electrochromic element useful in an electrochromic glass or mirror device and a process for making such element. The element is a five-layered structure including an electrolyte ion conducting layer interposed between first and second inorganic electrochromic layers which are interposed between a pair of conductive electrodes. The first and second inorganic electrochromic layers are different and are capable of exhibiting color-forming properties complementary to one another upon the incorporation of an alkali metal or Ag ion, a mixture of alkali metal or Ag ions or a mixture of alkali metal or Ag and hydrogen ions. The electrolyte ion conducting layer may be a copolymer of ethylene oxide, butylene oxide or methyl glycidyl ether, and optionally a small amount of allyl glycidyl ether, along with an ionizable salt, or may be a polyurethane gel formed by reacting the copolymer with triisocyanate, along with an ionizable salt.

Abstract: An electrochromic element useful in an electrochromic glass or mirror device and a process for making such element. The element is a five-layered structure including an electrolyte ion conducting layer interposed between first and second inorganic electrochromic layers which are interposed between a pair of conductive electrodes. The second inorganic electrochromic layer is amorphous. The first and second inorganic electrochromic layers are different and are capable of exhibiting color-forming properties complementary to one another upon the incorporation of at least one H, Li, Na, K, Ag, Cu or Tl ion. The electrolyte ion conducting layer may be a copolymer of ethylene oxide, butylene oxide or methyl glycidyl ether, and optionally a small amount of allyl glycidyl ether, along with an ionizable salt, or may be a polyurethane gel formed by reacting the copolymer with triisocyanate, along with an ionizable salt.

Abstract: In the etching and deoxidizing of aluminum, suppression of aluminum oxyfluoride crystal formation by the incorporation of phosphoric acid into an etchant/deoxidizer solution containing water, ferric sulfate, nitric acid, and HF or fluoride salts.

Abstract: This invention relates to procedures for preparing novel reactive amino or hydrazino peroxides (hereinafter generally referred to as "AHP's") and derivatives all having a Structure A: ##STR1## in which the definitions of P, R11, R22, X, Q and x, y and z are given in the Summary Of The Invention section, for example, 4,4-di-(t-butylperoxy)pentanohydrazide (I-1), and the use of these novel compounds in curing unsaturated polyester resins, in initiating polynerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers, for modifying rheology, for crosslinking and curing olefin polymers and elastoiners, for producing novel graft and block copolymers, and for producing novel polymers with covalently bound performance additive functions.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for regenerating a plating bath comprising trivalent chromium cations (a trivalent chromium bath). The bath can be continuously, or more preferably, periodically with an ion exchange resin, preferably a cation exchange resin. A useful apparatus comprises a plating tank containing a trivalent chromium plating bath in communication with an ion exchange bed continuing ion exchange resin.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the preparation of unsymmetrical dialkyl trisulfides by the reaction of dialkyl trisulfides and olefins in the presence of an acidic-type catalyst whereby alkyl groups are exchanged. Novel mixtures of symmetrical and unsymmetrical dialkyl trisulfides are also disclosed.

Abstract: In the process of removing heavy metals from aqueous solutions by precipitation of a salt thereof at increased pH, multiple stage precipitation by upward stepwise pH adjustment and solid separation at each stage is used to facilitate the manufacture of a product of high purity.

Abstract: Storage-stable 141b prepared by contacting 141b with alumina at temperatures of about 0-100 degrees Centigrade, compositions containing the thus treated 141b, and uses thereof for the production of polyurethane and polyisocyanurate foams.

Abstract: A process for removing sulfur from an organic polysulfide by reaction with an aqueous stripping solution of at least one sulfide salt and/or hydrosulfide salt in a multi-stage, continuous, countercurrent flow, reaction system wherein the sulfur is stripped from the polysulfide into the aqueous stripping solution phase which is separated from the polysulfide organic phase.

Abstract: Hindered amine light stabilizers are provided in which the hindered amine is contained in a unit of formula ##STR1## and R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and A are as defined as in the Summary of the Invention. Unique polymeric and non-polymeric compounds containing this unit are useful as additives for the stabilization of polymeric compositions which are normally subject to thermal, oxidative or actinic light degradation.

Abstract: A masterbatch composition is provided, comprising greater than about 10% to about 70% by weight of organic peroxide homogeneously dispersed in a polycaprolactone carrier. The peroxide masterbatches are safer and easier to store, ship, handle and use than the peroxides from which they are made. The use of the masterbatch compositions to modify a host polymer or resin to which the masterbatch is added is also disclosed.

Abstract: Hydrazide functionalized benzotrialzole and oxanilide ultraviolet absorbers (Formulas I and II) useful for stabilizing coreactive or inert polymeric compositions and novel intermediates (Formula III used to make certain types of compounds of Formula I) are disclosed and have the general formulas: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8, R.sup.9, X, Y, all substituents thereof, and n are set forth in the Summary of the Invention.

Abstract: Antioxidant-containing polyolefin composition containing a polyolefin and an antioxidant compound having the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R, R', X and Y are the same or different and are selected from alkyl, phenyl, cyclohexyl, a mono or polyfunctional carboxylic acid ester, hydroxyalkyl, and aralkyl, which groups may be unsubstituted or substituted, linear or branched, or cyclic, and p indicates a degree of polymerization and is at least 2.

Abstract: Storage-stable 141b prepared by contacting 141b with alumina at temperatures of about 0-100 degrees Centigrade, compositions containing the thus treated 141b, and uses thereof for the production of polyurethane and polyisocyanurate foams.

Abstract: Polymeric flame retardants comprise halogenated aromatic compounds having acylamino functional groups which are chemically bonded to cyclic imide-containing or imide-forming polymers or copolymers. The polymeric flame retardants are prepared by the reaction of halogenated aromatics containing a reactive hydrazido group with some or all of the anhydride groups of an cyclic alpha, beta-unsaturated dicarboxylic acid anhydride polymer or copolymer to form pendant halogenated-aromatic-substituted imide or amic acid groups. In addition, polymeric flame retardants are used to render thermoplastic resins less flammable under conditions which promote combustion. Novel flame retardant hydrazides are disclosed.

Abstract: Methods are provided for abrading dyed fabric to produce a stonewashed effect by tumbling the fabric with stones of a chemical composition that is soluble in wash or rinse liquid for the fabric, where the stones are of sufficient size and hardness to effect abrasion of the fabric without substantial mechanical disintegration of the stones and in a manner simulating the action of pumice stone. The chemical stonewashing composition may be a compacted powder, agglomerate, coagulate, or other integral mass or solid formed from an alkali or alkaline earth metal carbonate, bicarbonate, silicate, sulfate, borate, halide, hydroxide or hydrate or peroxyhydrate thereof, for example.

Abstract: N-(2,2,6,6-tetraalkyl-4-piperidinyl)amide-hydrazides of dicarboxylic acids contain a light stabilizing group, a heat stabilizing group, and a reactive hydrazide functionality in the same molecule. The reactive stabilizers are prepared by reacting 4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetraalkylpiperidines with diesters (or mono ester acid chlorides) of dicarboxylic acids or dialkyl itaconates followed by hydrazinolysis of the ester group of the intermediate mono esteramide. The compounds are useful for introducing permanent heat and light stability to coreactive polymers or copolymers. They are also useful in the stabilization of inert polymeric systems against the degradative effects of heat and light when merely mixed with, rather than reacted with, the polymers for which stabilization is sought.

Abstract: Curable compositions which are precursors for cured or partially cured light stabilized epoxy resins which are the product of the reaction of some or all of the epoxy groups of an epoxy resin with an N-(2,2,6,6-tetraalkyl-4-piperidinyl)amic acid hydrazide as well as the cured or partially cured reaction products thereof together with processes for their use and articles of manufacture produced thereby are disclosed.