Abstract: In some embodiments, a coating applied to steel reinforcement bar (e.g., steel rebar) that could considerably extend the lifetime of concrete structures by reducing steel rebar corrosion is disclosed. The coating includes a thin, passivating steel (e.g., stainless steel) layer that is applied to the outside of conventional steel rebar. The coating can be applied in-line through metal cold spray manufacturing, which is a high throughput coating technique that can be integrated into existing steel manufacturing plants. Furthermore, a novel, high performance ferritic steel with tailored resistance to corrosion from chlorides is described. The new ferritic steel is distinct from other commercial and experimental steels, and is better suited for coating low-cost steel structures like rebar. Multiple alloying elements including Cr, Al, and Si will each form protective oxides independently, increasing the total amount of protection and extending it over much wider ranges of pH and electrical potential.

Abstract: Included are methods and devices of adapting a solar module support with pre-formed features that position and/or secure solar module clips. The adaptation may include forming new positioning and/securing features at new locations on the solar module support, or otherwise positioning the solar module clips on the solar module support at locations different from these pre-formed features. These methods and devices allow a solar module support with pre-formed features to accommodate solar modules of different dimensions than originally envisioned.

Abstract: A semiconductor device package includes a supporting element, a transparent plate disposed on the supporting element, a semiconductor device disposed under the transparent plate, and a lid surrounding the transparent plate. The supporting element and the transparent plate define a channel.

Abstract: A bonding structure and a package structure are provided. The bonding structure includes a first pad and a wire bundle structure. The wire bundle structure is protruded from the first pad and tapering away from the first pad. The wire bundle structure includes a first portion and a second portion, the first portion is closer to the first pad than the second portion is, and in a cross-sectional view perspective, a width of a first void in the first portion is less than a width of a second void in the second portion.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an electronic device. The electronic device includes a circuit structure, a plurality of receiving components, and a plurality of transmitting components. The receiving components are disposed over the circuit structure and arranged along a first direction. The transmitting components are supported by the circuit structure. A portion of the transmitting components is misaligned along the first direction.

Abstract: An apparatus and methods are provided for an air filter precleaner for an open air filter box. The air filter precleaner includes a filter medium between a base and a grating that are fastened over an opening into an interior of the air filter box. The filter medium comprises a sheet of filter material having a shape and a size suitable for being supported between the base and the grating. The base is a rigid member that supports the filter medium in a sheet configuration, such that the airstream passes through the filter medium before entering the air filter box. The grating is a rigid member comprising a screen portion surrounded by a frame that is configured to be fastened onto the air filter box. The screen portion comprises a shaped lattice that allows the airstream to pass through the filter medium before entering the air filter box.

Abstract: An apparatus and methods are provided for an air cleaner to be mounted onto an air inlet of an internal combustion engine. The air cleaner comprises an air filter that includes a filter medium disposed between a curved base and a cover. The curved base provides an interface between the air filter and the air inlet, and comprises a shape that provides clearance between the curved base and an electric choke installed onto a carburetor comprising the air inlet. The cover secures the air filter and the curved base to the air inlet such that an airstream is drawn through the filter medium and is conducted into the air inlet. A raised portion of the cover is configured to cooperate with the curved base to ensure a desired volume of the airstream is available to the air inlet at substantially all engine speeds.

Abstract: A package structure includes an interconnector, a first encapsulation layer, a second encapsulation layer. The interconnector includes a lower portion and an upper portion located on the lower portion. The first encapsulation layer encapsulates the lower portion, and has a first top surface adjacent to the upper portion. The first top surface includes a first region and a second region different from the first region. The second encapsulation layer encapsulates the upper portion, and has a second bottom surface and a second top surface. The second bottom surface faces the first top surface. The second top surface is opposite to the second bottom surface. The second top surface includes a third region and a fourth region different from the third region. A first elevation difference between a first elevation of the first region and a second elevation of the second region is greater than a second elevation difference between a third elevation of the third region and a fourth elevation of the fourth region.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an electronic device. The electronic device includes a flexible element, and a sensing element adjacent to the flexible element and configured to detect a biosignal. The electronic device also includes an active component in the flexible element and electrically connected with the sensing element. A method of manufacturing an electronic device is also disclosed.

Abstract: Techniques that facilitate overlaying and integrating computer aided design drawings with fluid models are presented. For example, a system includes a modeling component, a machine learning component, and a graphical user interface component. The modeling component generates a three-dimensional model of a mechanical device based on a library of stored data elements. The machine learning component predicts one or more characteristics of the mechanical device based on a machine learning process associated with the three-dimensional model. The machine learning component also generates physics modeling data of the mechanical device based on the one or more characteristics of the mechanical device. The graphical user interface component generates, for a display device, a graphical user interface that presents the three-dimensional model and renders the physics modeling data on the three-dimensional model.

Abstract: A system and methods are provided for an air filter that detects mechanical strain on the filter, due to contaminant buildup, and indicates when the filter needs to be serviced. The air filter comprises a filter medium supported within a frame and a mechanical strain detector incorporated into the frame. The frame supports the filter medium within a HVAC system, and the filter medium removes contaminants from an airstream flowing through the HVAC system. The mechanical strain detector signals when the force acting on the air filter reaches a threshold value due to contaminant buildup within the filter medium. The mechanical strain detector includes circuitry that wirelessly signals an application stored on a user's mobile device to display a notification to the user when the air filter needs to be cleaned or replaced to minimize energy consumption by the HVAC system.

Abstract: A diaphragm pump system includes a diaphragm pump and a pressure regulator. The diaphragm pump has a housing having a pumping chamber containing fluid to be pumped, and a transfer chamber adapted to contain hydraulic fluid. A diaphragm is supported by the housing and at least partially defines a pumping chamber side and a transfer chamber side. A driven plunger slides in a reciprocating motion and forcing hydraulic fluid against the diaphragm. A first valve allows hydraulic fluid into the transfer chamber and a second valve allows hydraulic fluid to be removed from the transfer chamber. A hydraulic fluid reservoir is in fluid communication with the transfer chamber. The pressure regulator includes valving that provides a hydraulic fluid pressure above a pumped fluid inlet feed pressure to maintain a proper amount of hydraulic oil in the transfer chamber.

Abstract: A package structure includes an encapsulant, a patterned circuit structure, at least one electronic component and a shrinkage modifier. The patterned circuit structure is disposed on the encapsulant and includes a pad. The electronic component is disposed on the patterned circuit structure, and includes a bump electrically connected to the pad. The shrinkage modifier is encapsulated in the encapsulant and configured to reduce a relative displacement between the bump and the pad along a horizontal direction in an environment of temperature variation.

Abstract: Disclosed are devices and methods for creating a bore in bone. The devices and methods described involve driving a rotating bit in an axial direction such that both rotation and linear movement are controlled and measurable. The instrument is useful for a surgeon to control and simultaneously measure the travel of the tool into the bone and prevent injury to surrounding structures.

Abstract: Machine learning techniques for estimating an indication of carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (CFPWV) and/or vascular age (VA) of a subject from an arterial waveform previously measured at a single site by an arterial waveform acquisition device coupled to the subject, the method comprising using at least one computer hardware processor to perform: obtaining the arterial waveform, the arterial waveform comprising a plurality of portions corresponding to a respective plurality of heartbeats of the subject; generating a representative heartbeat waveform from the arterial waveform; and providing the representative heartbeat waveform as input to a trained machine learning model to produce a corresponding output indicative of the CFPWV of the subject.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a semiconductor device package including a first device, a second device, and a spacer. The first device includes a substrate having a first dielectric constant. The second device includes a dielectric element, an antenna, and a reinforcing element. The dielectric element has a second dielectric constant less than the first dielectric constant. The antenna is at least partially within the dielectric element. The reinforcing element is disposed on the dielectric element, and the reinforcing element has a third dielectric constant greater than the first dielectric constant.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an antenna device. The antenna device includes a dielectric element including a first region and a second region, a first antenna disposed on the first region, and a second antenna disposed on the second region. The first antenna and the second antenna are configured to operate in different frequencies. The first antenna and the second antenna are misaligned in directions perpendicular and parallel to a surface of the dielectric element on which the first antenna or the second antenna is disposed.

Abstract: A throttle-controlled intake system is disclosed that provides a driver of a vehicle with greater control over engine functions and vehicle performance. The throttle-controlled intake system includes a control module that is coupled with an aircharger air intake. The control module processes input signals from a throttle pedal of the vehicle and sends modified throttle position signals to a throttle body of the vehicle so as to increase throttle responsiveness of the vehicle. The throttle-controlled intake system further includes a wiring harness and a signal adjuster. The wiring harness electrically couples the control module with the throttle pedal and the throttle body. The control module sends signals directly to the throttle body of the engine, bypassing an electronic control unit of the vehicle. The signal adjuster includes a rheostat that enables manual adjustment of the throttle responsiveness of the vehicle.

Abstract: Tire-tread constructions may incorporate multiple circumferential asymmetries. Prime-number values are used for (a) the number of pitches (where a pitch is an individual pattern that is repeated around the circumference of the tire tread); (b) the number of segments of the mold with which the overall tire tread is formed; (c) the number of variations in the lengths of pitches; or (d) the number of variations in the lengths of the segments.

Abstract: A semiconductor device package includes a substrate, a first antenna pattern and a second antenna pattern. The substrate has a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface. The first antenna pattern is disposed over the first surface of the substrate. The first antenna pattern has a first bandwidth. The second antenna pattern is disposed over the first antenna pattern. The second antenna pattern has a second bandwidth different from the first bandwidth. The first antenna pattern and the second antenna pattern are at least partially overlapping in a direction perpendicular to the first surface of the substrate.