Abstract: A low-cost compact optical attenuator structure has an input port and an output port for optical signals arranged side by side; a reflecting member arranged to face both ports to reverse light from the input side on an optical path folded 180°; a birefringence crystal splits incident light into two polarization components, a converging lens converges the incident light, a fixed Faraday rotator having a variable rotation angle arranged in that order in the optical path. The partial reflecting member that transmits a portion of incident light to the rear side thereof, an optical sensor at the rear side of the reflecting member, optical guide means guide only the transmitted light from the input port side to the optical sensor, and optical detection signals of the optical sensor are used as optical input monitoring signals.

Abstract: In a magnetic core type laminated inductor, magnetic gap layers are interposed between layers of conductive patterns, and the magnetic gap layers are formed separately on multiple layers mutually distant from each other while sandwiching a magnetic body layer. Moreover, the multiple magnetic gap layers are vertically symmetrically disposed relative to a central portion of lamination in a magnetically equivalent fashion, and the respective magnetic gap layers interpose at least two layers of the conductive patterns therebetween.

Abstract: A switching power supply circuit, which can respond to a rapid and large change in a load quickly and stably and ensure a power supply output having a predetermined voltage, is provided. In the power supply circuit which supplies an input current to a load while switching the input current periodically and controls an output voltage Vo supplied to the load to a predetermined target value by controlling an ON/OFF time ratio (t1/t2) of the switching variably, a control of the ON/OFF time ratio is performed for every one current supply cycle T independently.

Abstract: A front lens group 1 and a rear lens group 2 having a diameter of about 5 mm held inside a cylindrical body 5 are capable of movement in the forward and backward directions via a front group movable body 3 and a rear group movable body 4, respectively. An image taking element such as a CCD is arranged at a prescribed position behind the cylindrical body. By setting the distance from each lens group to the CCD and the distance between both lens groups, an image is formed at a prescribed zoom on the CCD. From the 1× base state when the zoom magnification is made ?×??×??×, the positional relationship between the front lens group and the rear lens group becomes as shown in FIG. 1(b)˜(d). The two kinds of zoom magnification 1× and ?× can be switched by fixing the front lens group and moving only the rear lens group back and forth between positions.

Abstract: A variable optical filter comprises a first polarizer, a first phase difference element operable to generate a phase difference, a variable Faraday rotator operable to impart a variable Faraday rotation, a second phase difference element operable to generate a phase difference, and a second polarizer, wherein said polarizers, said variable Faraday rotator, and said phase difference elements are arranged in the mentioned order along the optical axis, and wherein when the angles formed by the optic axes of said first and second phase difference elements and the transmitted polarization azimuth of the first polarizer are assumed respectively to be ?1 and ?2, these ?1 and ?2 are set to different angles.

Abstract: A first separating/combining birefringent element 10, first and second optical-path controlling birefringent elements 11, 12, and a second separating/combining birefringent element 13 are spaced apart. Between the first separating/combining birefringent element and the first optical-path controlling birefringent element, a first polarization rotating means 14 is arranged for changing a polarization direction from an orthogonal relationship to a parallel relationship, or from a parallel relationship to an orthogonal relationship. Also, between the second optical-path controlling birefringent element and the second separating/combining birefringent element, a second polarization rotating means 17 is arranged.

Abstract: A reflection-type variable optical attenuator comprises: a main attenuator unit including a first birefringent crystal plate, a Faraday rotational angle varying unit, and a second birefringent crystal plate arranged in this order; an input port and an output port that are arranged on a side of one end of the main attenuator unit; and a two-point reflection-type optical path varying reflector that is arranged on a side of the other end of the main attenuator unit. Light that comes in from the input port makes a round trip in the main attenuator unit and goes out through the output port.

Abstract: A low-cost compact optical attenuator having a simple structure is constructed from an input port and an output port for optical signals arranged side by side; a reflecting member arranged to face both of the ports to reverse light from the input side on an optical path folded 180°; a birefringence crystal which splits incident light into two polarization components, a converging lens which converges the incident light, a fixed Faraday rotator having a fixed rotation angle, and a variable Faraday rotator having a variable rotation angle arranged in that order in the optical path; wherein the reflecting member is a partial reflecting member that transmits a portion of the incident light to the rear side thereof, an optical sensor is provided at the rear side of the reflecting member, optical guide means are provided to guide only the transmitted light from the input port side to the optical sensor, and optical detection signals of the optical sensor are used as optical input monitoring signals.

Abstract: A polarized-light separating/combining element is obtained which can suppress deviation in a direction of rays (angular error), reduce beam coupling loss and improve extinction ratio. Size reduction and loss lowering is achieved for an optical device (optical circulator or optical switch), to enable manufacture at a low cost and with ease. A polarized-light separating/combining element has a transparent member having flat surfaces parallel with each other on which both parallel surfaces, polarized-light separating/combining films are formed respectively, wherein both polarized-light separating/combining films are faced to air. By using the polarized-light separating/combining element, various kinds of optical devices (optical circulators or optical switches) can be formed. Particularly, it is effective for realizing a low crosstalk characteristic in a matrix optical switch.

Abstract: Optical devices including a Faraday rotation devices improved in wavelength and temperature characteristics and an optical attenuator reduced in wavelength dependence and temperature-dependent loss. The Faraday rotation device has permanent magnets magnetized in an axial direction of through-holes, and Faraday elements having a same Faraday rotation direction with respect to a same magnetization direction. The permanent magnets are directed in the same magnetization direction along an optical path, where part of the Faraday elements are accommodated in the through-hole of the permanent magnet, and the remaining Faraday elements are arranged between the magnets, whereby the Faraday elements are to be applied by magnetic fields in opposite directions. For a device variable in Faraday rotation angle, an electromagnet is provided. An input fiber collimator and polarizer are provided on an input side of with the Faraday elements while an analyzer and output fiber collimator are on an output side.

Abstract: The transmit/receive antenna has an active element with a two-dimensional conductor pattern formed on the surface of a dielectric substrate, surface-surface mounted to a PC board, and forming plural distribution paths of mutually different length. Antenna current is copied into a ground conductor such that the antenna element defines a linear main radiator, having a feeding end and an open end, forming a first distribution path, and a linear short-circuiting branching T-conductor, forming a second distribution path. A third distribution path is formed across the main radiation conductor leading to the ground conductor. This configuration produces two resonance frequency bands, exclusive of harmonics. The main radiation conductor and the feeding conductor are formed by conductor patterns on the dielectric substrate and the short-circuiting conductor is formed by a conductor pattern over the upper surface and side surface of the dielectric.

Abstract: A surface-mount microconverter is formed by mounting a microinductor chip and a semiconductor integrated circuit chip on a circuit board. Stud terminals are arranged on the circuit board and the microinductor chip is supported on the stud terminals, and the microinductor chip and the semiconductor integrated circuit chip are superposed on the circuit board. The microconverter has an improved ability and is small and thin. The microconverter includes an effective laminated magnetic-core inductor. The inductor comprises a helical coil formed by uniting alternately superposed insulating magnetic layers and conductive pattern layers, and an annular closed magnetic path formed by the insulating magnetic layers and defining a magnetic field created by the coil. The inductor can be miniaturized in a thin chip, and a wide range in which magnetic flux density varies linearly can be secured by balancing a closed magnetic path for a magnetic field created by the coil.

Abstract: A blister pack display holder for holding a plurality of blister packs arranged vertically comprising a back plate adapted to be hung on a vertical structure, a frame with an open top end arranged adjacent to the back plate with a slight gap therebetween, wherein the back plate and right and left edges of the frame sandwich margins horizontally separated at sides of the blister pack respectively from the front and back so that the packs are slidably held vertically on a front surface of the back plate.

Abstract: A variable optical filter comprises a first polarizer, a first phase difference element operable to generate a phase difference, a variable Faraday rotator operable to impart a variable Faraday rotation, a second phase difference element operable to generate a phase difference, and a second polarizer, wherein said polarizers, said variable Faraday rotator, and said phase difference elements are arranged in the mentioned order along the optical axis, and wherein when the angles formed by the optic axes of said first and second phase difference elements and the transmitted polarization azimuth of the first polarizer are assumed respectively to be ?1 and ?2, these ?1 and ?2 are set to different angles.

Abstract: Provided is a signal transmission cable with a connector, including: a shielded cable having a shielding layer and an insulating coating layer, which cover a periphery of a plurality of insulated wires, and a magnetic powder compound layer interposed between the shielding layer and the insulating coating layer; a connector which is electrically and mechanically connected to at least one end of the shielded cable, and which has a shielding metal cover extending from a housing part to a cable end, the housing part holding terminals to be connected to the insulated wires; and a closed magnetic path core which is fitted on a separated part of the insulating coating layer at the end of the shielded cable.

Abstract: A surface-mount microconverter is formed by mounting a microinductor chip and a semiconductor integrated circuit chip on a circuit board. Stud terminals are arranged on the circuit board and the microinductor chip is supported on the stud terminals, and the microinductor chip and the semiconductor integrated circuit chip are superposed on the circuit board. The microconverter has an improved ability and is small and thin. The microconverter includes an effective laminated magnetic-core inductor. The inductor comprises a helical coil formed by uniting alternately superposed insulating magnetic layers and conductive pattern layers, and an annular closed magnetic path formed by the insulating magnetic layers and defining a magnetic field created by the coil. The inductor can be miniaturized in a thin chip, and a wide range in which magnetic flux density varies linearly can be secured by balancing a closed magnetic path for a magnetic field created by the coil.

Abstract: An optical isolator comprising a combination of an optical isolator main body and a holder holding the optical isolator main body, the optical isolator main body including a Faraday rotator element, a polarizer and an analyzer disposed at the front and back of the Faraday rotator element, and permanent magnets disposed on the outside of the Faraday rotator element, the polarizer and the analyzer.

Abstract: A stepping motor 10 comprises a rotor 3 of a permanent magnet 2 having multiple poles magnetized in the circumferential direction, and multiple stator yokes 5a and 5b disposed on the outer periphery of this rotor 3 to form a multiple-phase field magnet of multiple phases. Detent torque of the stepping motor is reduced either by reducing a cross-sectional area of a portion, which leads to a magnetic pole surface 51a of the stator yoke, to be less than an area of the magnetic pole surface 51a, or by disposing an intermediate magnetic substance 9 which is magnetically independent of the stator yokes 5a and 5b on both sides thereof. In addition, a stator yoke 5 is formed of two-divided members and both divided members 51 and 52 are connected to each other inside a winding bobbin 7 so as to increase the quality and the workability of assembly.

Abstract: An optical isolator comprising a combination of an optical isolator main body and a holder holding the optical isolator main body, the optical isolator main body including a Faraday rotator element, a polarizer and an analyzer disposed at the front and back of the Faraday rotator element, and permanent magnets disposed on the outside of the Faraday rotator element, the polarizer and the analyzer.