Abstract: A sensor arrangement comprises a carrier substrate and a ferroelectric layer disposed on the carrier substrate, wherein the sensor arrangement comprises means for reading the permittivity of the ferroelectric layer. The sensor arrangement is such that the ferroelectric layer is disposed in a crystalline manner on the carrier substrate. A method for producing the sensor arrangement and to use of the same is also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus (1) for stimulating neurons having a pathological synchronous and oscillatory neural activity, said apparatus comprising a non-invasive stimulation unit (11) for applying stimuli (22) that stimulate a patient's neurons, a measurement unit (12) for recording test signals (23) that represent a neural activity of the stimulated neurons, and a control and analysis unit (10) for controlling the stimulation unit (11) and analyzing the test signals (23).

Abstract: A sputtering head comprises a receiving area for a sputtering target (target receptacle). The sputtering head comprises one or more magnetic field sources so as to generate a stray magnetic field. The magnetic north and the magnetic south of at least one magnetic field source, between which the stray field forms, are located 10 mm or less, preferably 5 mm or less, and particularly preferably approximately 1 mm apart. It was found that, notably when sputtering at a high sputtering gas pressure of 0.5 mbar or more, the degree of ionization of the sputtering plasma, and consequently also the ablation rate of the sputtering target, can be locally adjusted by such a locally effective magnetic field. This allows the thicknesses of the layers that are obtained to be more homogeneous over the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a measuring instrument for time-variable magnetix fluxes, or flux gradients, to electrical resistance elements, and to a measuring system comprising a measuring instrument or electrical resistance element according to the invention. The core component of the measuring instrument is a flux transformer composed of a base material which has a phase transition to the superconducting state. According to the invention, even when the base material is in the superconducting state, this flux transformer comprises at least one load region having electrical resistance that is other than zero for dissipating the electric energy in the conductor loop thereof. For this purpose, according to the invention the conductor loop and the magnetic field source are disposed in one plane and are typically photolithographically structured. The resistance elements according to the invention, having resistance values of ?10?4?, are used as core components in the measuring instrument.

Abstract: A RF electrode for generating, plasma in a plasma chamber comprising an optical feedthrough. A plasma chamber comprising an RF electrode and a counter-electrode with a substrate support for holding a substrate, wherein a high-frequency alternating field for generating the plasma can be formed between the RF electrode and the counter-electrode. The chamber comprising an RF electrode with an optical feedthrough. A method, for in situ analysis or in situ processing of a layer or plasma in a plasma chamber, wherein the layer is disposed on counter-electrode and an RF electrode is disposed on the side lacing the layer. Selection of an RF electrode having an optical feedthrough, and at least one step in which electromagnetic radiation is supplied through the optical feedthrough for purposes of analysis or processing of the layer or the plasma, and by at least one other step in which the scattered or emitted or reflected radiation is supplied to an analysis unit.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel multivalent polymeric amyloid-beta-binding substances composed of several interconnected substances which per se already have amyloid-beta-binding properties, and to the use of these substances, referred to hereinbelow as “polymers”, in particular in medicine.

Abstract: A method for reading out a non-volatile memory element having at least two stable states 0 and 1. This memory element comprises at least one resistive memory cell, which encodes the two states 0 and 1 into a state HRS having higher electrical resistance and a state LRS having lower electrical resistance. In the two states 0 and 1, the memory element has differing capacitances C0,1; this difference is used to determine which state is present. A memory element is selected in which a fixed capacitance that is independent of the state of the memory cell is connected in series with the memory cell. A series connection of a resistive memory cell with a fixed capacitance, instead of with a second resistive memory cell, improves the signal strength during capacitive read-out. The second memory cell becomes indispensable for the memory function when the memory element is read out capacitively.

Abstract: An apparatus for stimulating neurons that includes a stimulation unit for applying pulse-like tones, a measuring unit for picking up measurement signals that render neural activity by the stimulated neurons, a control unit. The control unit applies a first pulse train having varied pitch, takes the measurement signals picked up in response to the first pulse train to select a first pitch range or pitch in which there is phase synchronisation between the pulse train and the neural activity, actuates the stimulation unit to apply two phase-shifted second pulse trains, the pitch of the pulse trains being varied in opposite directions and a pitch starting value of the second pulse trains based on the first pitch range or pitch that is used to select a second pitch range or pitch resulting in minimum amplitude of the neural activity.

Abstract: An agent for preventing and/or treating HIV and other viral infections. The agent in particular comprises at least one peptide, including an amino acid sequence, which is suitable for preventing fibrils associated with Alzheimer's disease, and/or homologs, fractions and parts thereof, so as to treat and/or prevent HIV and/or other viral infections.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for stimulating neurons having a pathological synchronous and oscillatory neural activity, the apparatus including a stimulation unit having a plurality of stimulation contacts to stimulate neurons in a patients brain and/or spinal cord with electric stimuli, a measurement unit for recording test signals that represent a neural activity of the stimulated neurons, and a control and analysis unit. Furthermore, the stimulation contacts of the stimulation unit apply stimuli, and the control and analysis unit selects the stimulation contacts, the stimuli of which cause the phase of the pathological synchronous and oscillatory neural activity of the stimulated neurons to be reset. The selected stimulation contacts then apply phase-resetting stimuli with a time delay, and the control and analysis unit verifies whether the pathological synchronous and oscillatory neural activity of the stimulated neurons is suppressed by said time-delayed stimuli.

Abstract: A chopper for a particle beam comprises at least one control element, which is divided into at least two regions A and B, wherein region B is less transparent to the particle beam than region A, and at least one drive source for moving the control element through the particle beam in such a way that the beam impinges on regions A and B in a chronologically alternating manner. The control element has a band-shaped design and is non-positively seated against the outer circumference of at least one element that can be caused to rotate by the drive source. It was found that the chopper can have a significantly more space-saving design when the control element is designed as a band-shaped element than as a wheel-shaped or ring-shaped chopper according to the known art. In particular, the drive source, which is bulky compared to the control element, can be disposed spatially separated from the beam path, while the band itself transmits the force of the drive source.

Abstract: A device and method for providing stimulation signals that reset the phase of the neuronal activity of neurons in a patient's brain. The device includes a control unit; and a stimulation unit that has a plurality of stimulation elements, and each stimulation element generates visual stimulation signals that reset the phase of the neuronal activity of the neurons when the signals are taken up via an eye of a patient and transmitted to neurons that are exhibiting a pathologically synchronous and oscillatory neuronal activity. The control unit is further capable of actuating the stimulation unit such that the stimulation elements generate the visual stimulation signals with a time offset in respect to one another and/or with differing phase and/or with differing polarity.

Abstract: A high-frequency conductor having improved conductivity comprises at least one electrically conductive base material. The ratio of the outer and inner surfaces of the base material permeable by a current to the total volume of the base material is increased by a) dividing the base material perpendicularly to the direction of current into at least two segments, which are spaced from each other by an electrically conductive intermediate piece and connected both electrically and mechanically to each other, and/or b) topographical structures in or on the surface of the base material and/or e) inner porosity of at least a portion of the base material compared to a design of the base material in which the respective feature was omitted.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method for applying a first metal onto a second metal, an isolator or semiconductor substrate by a Diels-Alder reaction, in particular a Diels-Alder reaction with inverse electron demand. The present invention further concerns the binding units L 1960 and F 160.

Abstract: Disclosed is a sealing assembly for metal components, wherein the sealing assembly has an electrical insulating effect, and wherein the sealing assembly comprises a ceramic layer and a base brazing material disposed thereon, to which germanium is added. The addition of germanium advantageously ranges from 0.1 to 5.0 mol %, and preferably between 0.5 and 2.5 mol %. A particular embodiment provides for the use of a brazing material which additionally comprises silicon in the range of >0 to 2.5 mol %, and preferably between 0.1 and 0.9 mol %. Furthermore, a brazing material having a further addition of 10 to 40% by volume of Al2TiO5, and preferably between 20 and 30% by volume of Al2TiO5, has proven to be particularly suited for the sealing assembly.

Abstract: An electron microscope and a method for measuring the defocus spread or the limiting resolution of an electron microscope takes advantage of the fact that, in the case of tilted illumination, any aberration that may be present and the defocus spread of the electron microscope anisotropically change the intensity distribution in the diffractogram. In particular, the envelope of the diffractogram is anisotropically narrowed. If both the tilt of the electron beam and any aberration that may be present are known, and the focus distribution is assumed to be Gaussian-shaped, the defocus spread of the electron microscope is the only parameter still unknown that influences the anisotropic changes in intensity distribution. Quantitative conclusions as to the defocus spread can thus be drawn from the changes. However, the focus distribution can also be determined from the anisotropic narrowing without the use of a model, and without a priori assumptions about the shape thereof.

Abstract: The electrolyte material comprises an electronically insulating oxide of a base metal and at least one additional metal or oxide of an additional metal, which enhances the base metal with ionic conductivity. According to the invention, the electrolyte material has a layer structure with B-layers in which at least 30% of the metal atoms and/or metal ions are of the base metal and A-layers in which at least 30% of the metal atoms and/or metal ions are of the additional metal. This segregation of metals also segregates oxygen vacancies from passageway blockages. In an electrolyte material with 2 zirconium ions, 2 yttrium ions and 7 oxygen ions per unit cell and a vacancy concentration of 12.5%, ionic conductivity parallel to the B-layers is 42 S/m at 800° C. and 13 S/m at 500° C. The prior-art electrolyte material 8YSZ with a vacancy concentration of 4% has only 2 S/m at 800° C. and 0.11 S/m at 500° C.

Abstract: A method for optical transmission of a structure into a recording medium which can be transformed locally from a first undefined state into a second defined state by irradiating with photons from a photon source. The two states of the recording medium are manifested in different physical and/or chemical properties of the recording medium. At least one photon source having a photon flux of less than 104 photons per second is selected for the irradiation with the photons. It was recognized that with such a low photon flux especially fine structures can advantageously be transmitted into the recording medium without the irradiation having to be partially blocked by a mask. In this manner, for a given wavelength (energy) of the photons, structures can be transmitted that are considerably smaller than the width, defined by the diffraction limit, of the probability distribution for the locations at which the emitted photons are incident.

Abstract: A composition includes D-peptides or antibodies to at least one of to prevent a disease and to treat the disease, wherein the D-peptides interact with an amyloid peptide and the antibodies bind to both the D-peptide and the amyloid peptide.

Abstract: The substrate-supported anode for a high-temperature fuel cell comprises an at least three-layer anode laminate on a metallic substrate. Each of the layers of the anode laminate comprises yttria-stabilized zirconia and nickel, wherein the mean particle size of the nickel decreases from one layer to the next as the distance from the substrate increases. The last layer of the anode laminate, which is provided for contact with the electrolyte, has a root mean square roughness of less than 4 ?m. The overall mean pore size of this layer is typically between 0.3 and 1.5 ?m. Starting powders having a bimodal particle size distribution of yttria-stabilized zirconia and nickel-containing powder are used at least for the first and second layers of the anode laminate. The mean particle size of the nickel-containing powder is reduced from one layer to the next, whereby it is advantageously no more than 0.5 ?m in the last layer of the anode laminate.