Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing a bone graft substitute using bovine bone, and more particularly to a method for preparing a safe bone graft substitute which does not have the risk of infection with bovine spongiform encephalopathy, the method comprising treating bovine bone with sodium hypochlorite and treating the treated bone at a high temperature of more than 600° C. The bone graft substitute does not cause an immune response, because it is prepared by effectively removing lipids and organic substances from bovine bone having a structure very similar to that of the human bone. Also, it has excellent osteoconductivity, and is free of prion, and thus it does not have the risk of infection with bovine spongiform encephalopathy. According to the disclosed invention, the bone graft substitute having such advantages can be prepared in a simple manner.

Abstract: An apparatus and method can effectively detect both hands and hand shape of a user from images input through cameras. A skin image detecting skin regions from one of the input images and a stereoscopic distance image are used. For hand detection, background and noise are eliminated from a combined image of the skin image and the distance image and regions corresponding to actual both hands are detected from effective images having a high probability of hands. For hand shape detection, a non-skin region is eliminated from the skin image based on the stereoscopic distance information, hand shape candidate regions are detected from the remaining region after elimination, and finally a hand shape is determined.

Abstract: A method, system, and computer program product related to the detection of physical activity using changes in heart rate. The method, system, and computer program product evaluates short term glucose demand and long term insulin action due to physical activity. The method, system, and computer program product is further related to the improvement of open and closed loop control of diabetes by accounting for the metabolic changes due to physical activity. The method, system, and computer program product is directed to detecting in real time the short and long term effects of physical activity on insulin action via heart rate analysis, and recommending changes in insulin dosing to compensate for the effects of physical activity. With these recommendations, the open and closed loop control of diabetes can be improved and steps can be taken to prevent hypoglycemia that may result from increased insulin sensitivity due to physical activity.

Abstract: A device comprises circuitry and a transceiver in communication with the circuitry. In operation, the device is configured to cause the transceiver to: periodically send a broadcast message to indicate the availability of the device for attachment to another device; receive, from the another device, a first pre-attachment message that is sent utilizing first information sent by the device; send, to the another device, a first response that is sent in response to the first pre-attachment message and includes second information; receive, from the another device, a second pre-attachment message that is sent utilizing the second information; send, to the another device, a second response that is sent in response to the second pre-attachment message; and communicate, with the another device, a data signal utilizing a second one of the addresses for identification in association with the another device, for data transfer in connection with a group controlled by the device.

Abstract: A network (100) includes a hub device (110) and at least one unattached peripheral device (120). The hub device comprises circuitry and a transceiver in communication with the circuitry. In operation, the hub device is configured to cause the transceiver to i) send a message to indicate the availability of the hub device for attachment to a first peripheral device, ii) receive, from the first peripheral device, a message indicating the availability of the first peripheral device for communication with the hub device, iii) send, to the first peripheral device, a signal including a first peripheral device identifier, iv) receive, from the first peripheral device, a response, v) send a hub response to the first peripheral device, and vi) receive, from the first peripheral device, a second peripheral response including the first peripheral device identifier.

Abstract: A system and a method for DNA double-strand break repair in vitro are disclosed. Applications of the disclosed method in multiple areas are also disclosed.

Abstract: An optimal input design method and apparatus to achieve rapid broadband nanomechanical measurements of soft materials using the indentation-based method for the investigation of fast evolving phenomenon, such as the crystallization process of polymers, the nanomechanical measurement of live cell during cell movement, and force volume mapping of nonhomogeneous materials, are presented. The indentation-based nanomechanical measurement provides unique quantification of material properties at specified locations. Particularly, an input force profile with discrete spectrum is optimized to maximize the Fisher information matrix of the linear compliance model of the soft material.

Abstract: An amphiphilic pentablock copolymer that is temperature- and pH-sensitive and has superior and sustained gel strength, includes (a) a hydrophilic triblock copolymer that is temperature-sensitive and that is a copolymer of a poly(ethylene glycol)-based compound and a biodegradable polymer that is one or more polymer selected from the group consisting of polylactide, polyglycolide, polycaprolactone, poly(caprolactone-lactide) random copolymer, poly(caprolactone-glycolide) random copolymer, poly(lactide-glycolide) random copolymer, and mixtures thereof; coupled with (b) a polyurethane-based oligomer (PU) that is pH sensitive and that includes a diisocyanate compound represented by a Formula as follows: OCN—(CH2)n—NCO, where n is an integer of 4 to 10, polymerized with a diol compound having a tertiary amine on a main chain thereof that is one or more of 1,3-bis{1-(2-hydroxyethyl) -4-pyridyl}propane and 1,4-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine, and is represented by Formulae as follows: where R and R? are alkyl grou

Abstract: A method of avoiding a channel interference in a single channel sensor network, includes periodically measuring an energy of a channel used by at least one node included in the sensor network; exchanging the measured energy of the channel with a neighbor node of the at least one node; receiving energy of all nodes of the sensor network and determining if there is an interference, by a coordinator node, which is a highest node of the at least one node; and when it is determined that there is an interference, switching a channel influenced by the interference to a channel which has been scanned by the coordinator node and is not influenced by the interference, thereby avoiding an influence of the interference.

Abstract: A fluid pressure liquid lens includes: a fluid pressure driving portion which is configured to include a first cavity, a fluid pressure generating groove, and an actuator generating a fluid pressure on liquid so as to adjust the fluid pressure by using the actuator; a first transparent elastic membrane which is disposed on an upper surface of the fluid pressure driving portion to seal an upper portion of the first cavity of the fluid pressure driving portion and of which the curvature is changed according to the fluid pressure of the liquid; and a transparent substrate which is disposed on a lower surface of the fluid pressure driving portion to seal a lower portion of the first cavity of the fluid pressure driving portion and which is made of transparent material passing through incident light, wherein a focal length is adjusted by using the fluid pressure generated by the actuator.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for data communication in a radio network, including calculating an expected value of transmission efficiency of a Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) protocol and an expected value of transmission efficiency of a Slotted ALOHA protocol, comparing the two expected values, switching a mode into the mode of the protocol having the larger expected value from among the expected value of transmission efficiency of the CSMA/CA protocol and the expected value of transmission efficiency of Slotted ALOHA protocol, and broadcasting, to stations (STAs), a message for indicating the STAs to switch a protocol into the protocol having the larger expected value of transmission efficiency, and transmitting data by using the protocol having the larger expected value of transmission efficiency.

Abstract: Described herein are compositions and methods for diagnosing and/or monitoring pathogenic disease states using positron emission tomography, wherein the pathogenic cells uniquely express, preferentially express, or overexpress vitamin receptors. Also described herein are 18F conjugates of vitamins and vitamin receptor-binding analogs of the formula.

Abstract: A method for optimizing the stimulation of the dorsal column of the spinal cord is disclosed. The method includes providing a stimulating electrode array and a frame element. The frame element is configured to couple to the stimulating electrode array and guide the stimulating electrode array to a desired position proximate the dorsal column of the spinal cord of a subject.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds S3I-201.1066 (Formula 1) and S3I-201.2096 (Formula 2) as selective Stat3 binding agents that block Stat3 association with cognate receptor pTyr motifs, Stat3 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation, Stat3 transcriptional function, and consequently induced Stat3-specific antitumor cell effects in vitro and antitumor response in vivo.

Abstract: Flame retardant composite materials are provided which include at least one first paper which comprises carbon nanofibers and graphite oxide particles. The composite materials may further include at least one second paper which comprises carbon nanofibers. The composites may further include one or more structural material layers sandwiched between the first and second papers. Occupant structures are also provided with fire and smoke retardant surfaces composed of carbon nanofibers/graphite oxide particles papers at least partially surrounding occupants of the occupant structures.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a microplasma current switch enabling to increase the amount of electric current passing through the microplasma current switch by adjusting the areas of electrodes exposed to plasmas. The present invention includes a plasma discharge space; a plasma generating means installed within the plasma discharge space; an exposed cathode electrode installed within the plasma discharge space; and an exposed anode electrode installed within the plasma discharge space apart from the exposed cathode electrode, wherein the exposed anode electrode is connected electrically to the exposed cathode electrode by generating a plasma, and the exposed area of the exposed anode electrode to the plasma is smaller than that of the exposed cathode electrode.

Abstract: A method of detecting a region having a specific shape in a camera is provided. The method includes processing input image data in a camera and detecting the region having the specific shape. The method includes calculating gradation differences between a central pixel and respective peripheral pixels in each of local regions of an image frame, comparing an average gradation difference with each of the gradation differences and obtaining local gradient pattern (LGP) values based on a comparison result in each of the local regions, and detecting the region having the specific shape from the image frame using the LGP values obtained from the respective local regions.

Abstract: The invention is directed to formation and use of electroprocessed collagen, including use as an extracellular matrix and, together with cells, its use in forming engineered tissue. The engineered tissue can include the synthetic manufacture of specific organs or tissues which may be implanted into a recipient. The electroprocessed collagen may also be combined with other molecules in order to deliver substances to the site of application or implantation of the electroprocessed collagen. The collagen or collagen/cell suspension is electrodeposited onto a substrate to form tissues and organs.

Abstract: There is provided a chimeric protein of capsid protein of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and B domain of Staphylococcal protein A (SPAB); a method for fabricating the same; the substrate and nanosensor immobilized with HBV-derived chimeric protein; and the use of the above nanosensor.

Abstract: A composition to control acid rock drainage is provided. The composition includes a slurry made from water and solids, the solids containing powders of limestone, clay and magnesium oxide or magnesium hydroxide. In some instances, the slurry is thixotropic and contains between 10 to 75 weight percent of solid powders. The solid powders can include between 40 to 75 weight percent limestone, 10 to 35 weight percent clay and 10 to 30 weight percent magnesium oxide or a proportional concentration of magnesium hydroxide.