Abstract: A device and related method that provides a two-phase heat transfer device with a combination of enhanced evaporation and increase cooling capacity. A recess topology is used to increase suction of working fluid toward a heat source. A non-wetting coating or structure may be used to keep working fluid away from the spaces between elongated members of an evaporator and a wetting coating or structure may be used to form thin films of working fluid around the distal regions of elongated members. The devices and method described herein may be used to cool computer chips, the skin of a hypersonic flying object, a parabolic solar collector, a turbine engine blade, or other heat sources that require high heat flux.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are disclosed for altering the binding affinity of calmodulin for ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2). As disclosed herein, these therapeutic calmodulin (TCaM) proteins can be used to correct ryanopathies by prolonging the RyR2 refractory period. Therefore, also disclosed is a method for treating a ryanopathy-associated disease in a subject that involves administering to the subject a composition comprising a TCaM disclosed herein.

Abstract: Differential surface-charge-dependent localization of nanoceria in normal cells and cancer cells plays a critical role in the toxicity profile of a nanoceria particle. Engineered surface-coated cerium oxide nanoparticles with different surface charges that are positive, negative and neutral provide therapeutic results for normal and cancer cell lines. Results show that nanoceria with a positive or neutral charge enters most of the cell lines studied, while nanoceria with a negative charge internalizes mostly in the cancer cell lines. Moreover, upon entry into the cells, nanoceria is localized to different cell compartments (e.g. cytoplasm and lysosomes) depending on the nanoparticle surface charge. The internalization and subcellular localization of nanoceria plays a key role in the nanoparticle cytotoxicity profile, exhibiting significant toxicity when they localize in the lysosomes of the cancer cell lines.

Abstract: A method of producing interlayer distance controlled graphene, an interlayer distance controlled graphene composition, and a supercapacitor are provided. A method of producing an interlayer distance controlled graphene involves dispersing a graphene oxide in a solution by using a surfactant, forming a reduced graphene oxide by adding a reducing agent into the solution containing the dispersed graphene oxide, and adding a pillar material that is activated at its both ends by a N2+ group into the solution containing the reduced graphene oxide to control an interlayer distance of the reduced graphene oxide.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a positive electrode active material including at least one selected from among compounds represented by Formula 1 below and a lithium secondary battery including the same that is capable of improving lifetime characteristics and rate characteristics while exhibiting excellent safety: Li[LixMyM?(1-x-y)]O2-zAz (1), where M is at least one element selected from a group consisting of Ru, Mo, Nb, Te, Re, Ir, Pt, Cr, S, W, Os, and Po, M? is at least one element selected from a group consisting of Ni, Ti, Co, Al, Mn, Fe, Mg, B, Cr, Zr, Zn, and second row transition metals, A is a negative monovalent or divalent anion, and 0<x<0.3, 0.2?y?0.5, 0?z<0.5, and 0.2<x+y<0.8.

Abstract: This document provides methods and materials related to treating myelomas. For example, methods and materials relating to the use of a composition containing albumin-containing nanoparticle/antibody complexes (e.g., ABRAXANE®/anti-CD38 polypeptide antibody complexes) to treat myelomas are provided.

Abstract: A method of digesting a lignocellulosic material is disclosed. In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of exposing the material to an effective amount of Streptomyces sp. ActE secretome such that at least partial lignocellulosic digestion occurs.

Abstract: Methods for generating functional brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) under chemically defined, serum-free conditions are provided. In particular, efficient and cost-effective methods for generating functional BMECs under chemically defined culture conditions are provided. BMECs obtained according to the methods provided herein are suitable for in vitro blood brain barrier (BBB) formation.

Abstract: Some embodiments of the invention include inventive polypeptides (e.g., mutant VP2 proteins) and virus-like particles made from the inventive polypeptides. Other embodiments of the invention include compositions for treating (e.g., preventing) parvovirus (e.g., erythrovirus or parvovirus B19) infection and other diseases. Further embodiments include methods for administering compositions to an animal. Other embodiments include treating (e.g., preventing) parvovirus (e.g., erythrovirus or parvovirus B19) infection and other diseases. Still other embodiments include nucleic acid sequences that encode the inventive polypeptides. Additional embodiments of the invention are also discussed.

Abstract: A device and method for rapid assessment of sensor response times as the sensor is rapidly switched between two or more calibration fluids discharged from a multi-fluid jet nozzle. The novel method includes exposing the sensor to a first calibration fluid and then rapidly exposing it to a second calibration fluid without removing the sensor from the fluid phase. The sensor's output is then assessed to determine its response time. This method is simpler and less expensive than other methods and allows improved precision timing of the change in calibration fluids without changing flow velocity or exposure to other media or viscosities. An embodiment of the novel device is a dual-fluid jet nozzle that ejects two distinct jets of calibration fluid at the same velocity through a single nozzle discharge aperture divided by a sharply-edged boundary wall.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a high voltage switching circuit which includes one or more main switching devices connected to one or more current sources, and a control circuit unit configured to control a potential difference between terminals of each of the main switching devices within a predetermined range by receiving current from the one or more current sources.

Abstract: The invention provides adeno-associated virus (AAV) replication (Rep) sequences. In one embodiment, the invention provides nucleotide sequences encoding a chimeric protein, wherein the encoded chimeric protein contains a wild type AAV Rep inhibitory amino acid sequence, and wherein the nucleotide sequences contain a scrambled and/or deoptimized polynucleotide sequence encoding the wild type AAV Rep inhibitory amino acid sequence. The invention provides vectors, cells, and viruses containing the invention's sequences. Also provided are methods for detecting portions of the AAV Rep inhibitory amino acid sequence, which reduce replication and/or infection and/or productive infection by viruses. The invention's compositions and methods are useful for site-specific integration and/or expression of heterologous sequences by recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vectors and by rAAV virus particles, such as hybrid viruses (e.g., Ad-AAV) comprising such vectors.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a pre-5th-Generation (5G) or 5G communication system to be provided for supporting higher data rates Beyond 4th-Generation (4G) communication system such as Long Term Evolution (LTE), a method for operating of an AP includes receiving a signal from at least one adjacent AP, generating information regarding each of channels based on the received signal, generating respective expected values by considering at least one channel to be involved in channel bonding, based on the information regarding each of the channels, and selecting a channel based on the respective expected values. An apparatus includes a controller configured to generate respective expected values for each of the channels and select a channel based on the respective expected values.

Abstract: According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a spatial interpolation method for a linear phased array antenna relates to a spatial interpolation method for a linear phased array antenna including a plurality of transmission antenna elements and a plurality of reception antenna elements and includes Step 1 in which the plurality of reception antenna elements receive a reflected wave reflected from a target, Step 2 in which an incidence angle of the reflected wave incident on the plurality of reception antenna elements is estimated using an angle estimation algorithm, Step 3 in which a bad-conditioned antenna element is selected from among the plurality of reception antenna elements, and Step 4 in which a received signal of the bad-conditioned antenna element is compensated for and the incidence angle of the reflected wave incident on the plurality of reception antenna elements is re-estimated using an angle estimation algorithm.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an RNAi-inducing nucleic acid molecule having a new structure and the use thereof, and more particularly to a novel nucleic acid molecule having a structure comprising a first strand, which is 24-121 nt in length and comprises a region complementary to a target nucleic acid, and a second strand which is 13-21 nt in length and has a region that binds complementarily to the region of the first strand, which is complementary to the target nucleic acid, so that the nucleic acid molecule inhibits the expression of a target gene with increased efficiency, and to a method of inhibiting the expression of a target gene using the nucleic acid molecule. The nucleic acid molecule structure of the present invention increases the efficiency with which the nucleic acid molecule inhibits the target gene.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods of making composite materials. The methods may include infiltrating a carbon nanoscale fiber network with a ceramic precursor, curing the ceramic precursor, and/or pyrolyzing the ceramic precursor. The infiltrating, curing, and pyrolyzing steps may be repeated one or more times. Composite materials also are provided that include a ceramic material and carbon nanoscale fibers.

Abstract: A manually operable pump for the effective removal of fluids to include blood, blood clots, fluid, and air from a body cavity of a subject is provided. The manually operable pump is adapted to be connect to a range of fluid conduits and is equipped with one-way valves that effectively permit flow of fluid through the pump in only one direction. The sensitivity of the one-way valves is such that when properly positioned, fluid can flow through the valves and out of the pump without manual compression of the pump and with the aid of gravity power alone.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed towards wireless power transfer using one or more rotating magnets in a receiver. An exemplary embodiment provides for a system comprising a transmitter that generates a dynamic magnetic field and a receiver comprising a magnet and a coil. In operation, the magnet rotates in response to the dynamic magnetic field and induces a voltage across the coil.

Abstract: This invention offers an effective method of decreasing expression of apolipoprotein E and increasing expression of at least one of either LDL-receptor protein or AbcA1 protein including selecting mammalian cells expressing apoE and at least one of either LDL-receptor protein or AbcA1 protein, contacting the mammalian cell with an effective amount of a compound having general formula (I) or general formula (II) in an amount sufficient to decrease expression of the apoE and increase expression of at least one of the LDL-receptor protein or the AbcA1 protein in the mammalian cell.

Abstract: In some embodiments the present invention provides perfusion bioreactors and cell culture scaffolds suitable for the preparation of tissue grafts, such as bone tissue grafts. In some embodiments, the perfusion bioreactors comprise a graft chamber and/or a graft chamber insert configured to hold a tissue graft having a certain shape and/or certain dimensions, and/or to allow culture of such tissue grafts under press-fit direct perfusion conditions. In some embodiments, the perfusion bioreactors comprise an equilibration chamber.