Abstract: A device for purification of waste water by oxidizing polluting substances at normal pressure and temperature by oxygen contianing gases or by oxygen in the presence of solid catalytic particles is described. A vessel has at one end wall an inlet for feeding waste water and at the opposite end wall an oulet for purified water. The top side of the vessel is open and the bottom has a V-shaped cross-section with an air-feeding nozzle pipe extending along and through the vertex of the bottom. An air uptake channel is mounted in the vessel at a spaced relation to the bottom portion and has an inlet facing the nozzles of the air-feeding pipe. The outlet of the uptake channel is below the level of the treated water.

Abstract: An impact bar - adapted to assume an installed state in which it is mounted in a rotor of a comminuting machine - has a length extending generally radially as viewed relative to the rotary axis, a leading side and a trailing side as viewed relative to a direction of rotation, and a cross-sectional area taken along a sectional plane extending parallel to a plane of rotation. The cross-sectional area is curved in a generally C shape open towards the leading side and is symmetrical relative to a symmetry plane being generally perpendicular to the bar length. The cross-sectional area has a constriction lying in the symmetry plane. The trailing side is adapted to be supported against tangential forces at a location situated radially outwardly of the constriction as viewed relative to the rotary axis. The constriction is formed by a first and a second groove at the leading and trailing side.

Abstract: Apparatus for supplying thermal energy to a metal melt present in a receiving vessel after having been discharged from a melting furnace, the receiving vessel having a central axis, the apparatus includes at least two plasma torches disposed above the melt in the receiving vessel to direct a transferred electric arc at the melt, the torches being operated with alternating current and with a gas which is inert to the melt, while being cooled with water.Apparatus according to the invention includes a cover over the top of the vessel, the cover having a passage for the electrodes, and a component establishing a gas-tight seal between the cover and the electrodes.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for deriving useful heat from a low temperature waste heat-carrying fluid by means of a medium which can be divided into a strong solution in vapor form and a weak solution, the medium circulating in a closed circuit. Waste heat is used to divide the medium into the two solutions at low pressure, after which the strong solution is condensed, placed at increased pressure and then evaporated by receiving additional waste heat. The weak solution is placed at increased pressure and then mixed with the evaporated strong solution at increased pressure to absorb the latter and cause it to liberate heat. The resulting mixture is used to, successively, superheat the evaporated strong solution at increased pressure, heat the weak solution at increased pressure and heat the condensed strong solution at increased pressure, after which the pressure of the mixture is reduced to provide the medium which is divided into the two solutions.

Abstract: A method for the optimum regulation of the electrodes of a three-phase electric arc furnace wherein each electrode has an associated arc voltage regulator which receives the associated arc voltage as its actual value and a desired arc voltage value as its reference value; and wherein, to form the desired arc voltage value, during each halfwave, a voltage porportional to the actual arc current and a limit value, which corresponds to the desired arc length, are provided, and the smaller momentary value, with respect to magnitude, of the current proportional voltage and of the limit value is always fed to the arc voltage regulator as the desired arc voltage value.

Abstract: A copper contact jaw is insulated from and releasably fastened to an electrode mount (4) of an electric furnace to transfer current from input leads to an electrode (2). A long service life and secure insulation are attained by using hard copper for the contact jaw and by coating the contact jaw, at least at where it faces the electrode mount (4), with a metal adhesion layer and a layer of ceramic insulating material on the adhesion layer.

Abstract: A hydraulic heating and vulcanization press includes a lower tire mold which is supported by a press stand and cooperates with an upper tire mold to define a mold in which a raw tire is inserted for subsequent vulcanization. In order to keep the lower and upper mold in a precisely centrally aligned position to each other, a plurality of centering elements are interposed between the press stand and the lower tire mold so as to allow a radial movement between the lower mold and the press stand in order to maintain a centrally aligned arrangement.

Abstract: An electrically heated melting furnace, preferably a direct current electric arc furnace, having a floor provided with a lining of refractory material and with an electrode comprised of a plurality of electrically conductive paths formed of an electrically conductive material which extends through the lining of refractory material from the inner floor surface toward the exterior, wherein the service life of the lining is improved in that the electrically conductive paths are composed of layers of at least one high melting point nonmetallic material which are connected with the refractory material, and which have a thickness of at most 5 mm.

Abstract: So that the boom does not have to be oriented horizontally to change the crane configuration, a remotely controlled double locking device is mounted at the front end of each intermediate telescoping member slidably mounted between the boom base and the inner telescoping member. Each intermediate telescoping member can thus be locked according to choice with the inner telescoping member or another intermediate telescoping member, or with both that telescoping member and a top piece of an extendable rod of an extending device which increases the boom length. This double locking mechanism comprises two double piston mechanisms positioned opposite each other each with an exterior lock bolt operable by an exterior spring-loaded or hydraulic adjusting cylinder and mounted inside this exterior lock bolt an interior lock bolt operable by an interior spring-loaded or hydraulic adjusting cylinder.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for regulating an arc discharge furnace having a lining, a plurality of electrodes disposed above a bath of conductive material, an adjustable transformer for applying to each electrode a voltage which causes an arc current proportional to the applied transformer voltage to flow between the electrode and the bath, a device for varying the voltage applied by the transformer to each electrode, and a device for varying the vertical spacing between each electrode and the bath. Desired values for a maximum of two of the following parameters are selected: the voltage of the arc current produced by one electrode; the arc current produced by the one electrode; the power of the arc produced by the one electrode; a parameter which is proportional to the wear caused to the furnace lining by the arc produced by the one electrode; and a correcting variable for the voltage applied to the one electrode by the transformer.

Abstract: A rollable temporary roadway is composed of individual supporting elements (2) which are articulately connected by hinge-like joints (7), each of which is formed by a bead (5) and the associated recess of a claw (6). The joints (7) are looped by at least one cable (10), with the cable being guided below the joints. A reeling device (20) for rolling up an installed temporary roadway (1) includes a pipe (21), hub members (22) which can be mounted on the pipe, and a cable arrangement (32, 33, 34).

Abstract: A twin-belt continuous casting mold has a guide assembly for the casting belts; the guide assembly includes a plurality of support rollers arranged serially parallel to the casting direction and engaging each casting belt along the mold chamber, and additional ribbed supports transversely engaging each casting belt in a zone upstream of the first support roller as viewed in the casting direction. There is provided a first resilient holding arrangement for positioning each additional support and resiliently urging it into engagement with a respective casting belt. The support rollers form a first and a second group; the first group is situated in a zone of the mold entrance adjacent the respective additional ribbed support downstream thereof. The guide assembly further has a second resilient holding arrangement for positioning each support roller of the first group for resiliently urging each such support roller into engagement with a respective casting belt.

Abstract: A crusher with rotary crusher plates and a vertical main axis has plates (1,2) disposed one above the other and spaced apart to form between the plates an annular slot (4) having radial, outwardly converging crushing surfaces (1', 2'). Said plates are rotatable about axes (A,B) which are non-parallel; the lower plate (2) is driven and the upper plate (1) is provided with a central feed opening (3) with a feed funnel (5) projecting downwardly into the opening. During operation, the lower plate (2) is arranged to execute a simultaneous gyrating movement in an opposite direction in relation to its direction of rotation, the number of revolutions per minute of the gyrating movement being substantially higher than the number of revolutions per minute of the lower plate (2) about its axis of rotation (B). The crushing surface (2') of the lower plate (2) has a central, cone-shaped section (2") which projects upwardly into the central feed opening (3) of the upper plate (1).

Abstract: An instrument for measuring the cohesion force between two interconnected components, such as inner and outer dental cone crowns, comprises a housing adapted to be manually grasped; a scale mechanism including a linearly extending helical spring accommodated in the housing and an indicator for displaying the extent of compression or expansion of the spring; and a divider-like gripper attached to one end of the spring and arranged for displacement relative to the housing. The gripper clamps one of the interconnected components, whereby upon pulling apart the two components, the indicator shows the extent of expansion of the helical spring for determining the pulling force exerted on the components at the moment of separation thereof.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for recovering fats and oils from oil fruits and oil seeds, wherein the oil fruits and oil seeds are cleaned, immediately thereafter pressed cold in a screw press without prior mechanical conditioning, and then extracted. In this process, the extraction is effected immediately after pressing by treating the oil fruits and oil seeds with countercurrently flowing carbon dioxide, ethane, ethene and/or propane at a temperature of from 40.degree. to 110.degree. C. and at a pressure of from 250 to 750 bar, for a time period of from 0.5 to 2.5 hours, with the solvent ratio lying between 5 and 30 kg solvent per 1 kg pressed cake. The separation of the extracted fats and oils from the separated solvent phase is effected by pressure reduction and/or temperature change. The invention also includes an apparatus for implementing the process.

Abstract: A distillation or absorption column tray whose characteristic frequency is a specific function of the radius of circular apertures in its bottom wall, of the surface tension of the body of liquid therein at the operating temperature of the column and of the density of such liquid. This reduces the amplitude of vibrations of the tray under the action of ascending vapors and/or gases and hence increases the useful life of the tray.

Abstract: A shear head in which an extruded vulcanizable composition meets preheated reinforcing strands has a compartment adjacent a mouth of the head which is evacuated to reduce the danger of gases affecting adhesion of the strands to the composition.

Abstract: In a device for automatically tracking a moving object, which device includes: an optical measuring head rotatable about vertical and horizontal axes, the measuring head having first and second light transmitters for producing and emitting, respectively, a horizontally and a vertically sharply collimated light beam along respective beam axes, the transmitters being operative to cyclically sweep the beam axes horizontally and vertically, respectively, over given ranges about zero positions, and an optical receiver mounted to receive light echoes generated by reflections of the transmitted beams and having an optical axis oriented parallel to the beam axes when at the zero positions.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for distilling a liquid mixture to separate a volatile vapor fraction therefrom. The liquid is forced to flow along a meander-like path through a plurality of concentrically arranged chambers of a rotating drum. In the radially outermost chamber, a heating unit is provided which brings the liquid to a boiling temperature to allow formation of vapor. The liquid thus freed of volatile constituents is then discharged from the outermost chamber in which the liquid is subjected to a maximum centrifugal acceleration while the vapor moves radially inwardly under the action of the centripetal force to the innermost chamber from where the vapor containing volatile constituents is discharged.

Abstract: A twin-belt continuous casting mold has a mold chamber which is formed of parallel length portions of cooled upper and lower casting belts as well as parallel length portions of endless side dams which bound the mold chamber laterally. In the zone of the mold chamber the side dams are backed by adjustable guide rails. The continuous caster further has upper and lower caster frames which respectively support the end drums for the upper and lower casting belts as well as a series of support rollers for backing up the casting belts. There are further provided seals which are in engagement with the casting belts and which serve for sealing off the mold chamber from the environment. Opposite longitudinal edges of each casting belt are approximately flush with the outer wall faces of the respective side dams and the casting belt support rollers are shorter than the distance between the outer wall faces of the two side dams. The seals are situated laterally adjacent the support rollers and are resiliently supported.