Abstract: A connection between frame components (1) and the ends of parallel strips ( 3 ) of structural section in gratings ( 2 ) for special-purpose vehicles. The known connection is welded, and the welds do not withstand impact and abrasion as well as the rest of the material. To render the vicinity of the connection as resistant as the rest, the end of each strip is inserted in a matching aperture (4) in the frame component.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the separation of viscous mixtures, comprising charging the mixture with solvent to form a dispersion before extraction to improve the extraction over a simple solvent extraction. The mixture to be treated is charged with solvent before the extraction and is then sprayed into the extraction column where it is dispersed. This treatment provides extraction of highly viscous, pasty materials. The charging with solvent can take place until the mixture is saturated with the solvent, and favorable temperature and pressure conditions for charging may be provided in a charging column that is separate from the extraction column.

Abstract: A tool having an extended service lift and including a hard metal body, and at least one surface layer composed of at least one hard substance selected from the group consisting of carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides of titanium and zirconium, and having a chlorine content ranging from a finite amount up to 4 mass percent, the tool being produced by plasma-activated CVD process including: a. positioning the hard metal body in a CVD chamber having means for supplying direct voltage thereto, the hard metal body being connected to the direct voltage supplying means as a cathode thereof, b. introducing into the CVD chamber a reactive gas mixture including a nitrogen-containing substance, a carbon-containing substance, and at least one compound containing at least one of titanium and zirconium, and c.

Abstract: A plasma burner has an annular passage extending along an insulated tube defining the outer wall of the electrode lance and located between the electrode lance and the multi wall burner shell to deliver the auxiliary gas outwardly of the plasma gas. The nozzle forming end of the electrode lance has a coolant circulation as has the burner shell and the annular passage extends substantially to the coolant inlets and outlets of the burner. The construction avoids the formation of parasitic arcs.

Abstract: A process for the production of a powder having a nanocrystalline structure from powders of at least two materials of the groups including metals, metallic compounds, and ceramic materials, in a composition which tends to develop an amorphous phase. The starting powders are subjected to high stresses of at least 12 G in a neutral or reducing atmosphere at about 20.degree. C. until there are no crystallites larger than about 10 nm.

Abstract: A process for producing metal metalmetalloid powder, with its particles having ultramicrocrystalline structures to nanocrystalline structures with the metalmetalloid component being composed of at least one metal reacted with at least one metalloid of the group including C, N, O, H, B, and Si. The metalloids, C, N, O, H, B, and Si are introduced in a highly reactive form together with powders of the metals of the matrix metal and of the metals of the metalmetalloid component into a high energy mill to produce a metal-metalmetalloid powder with its particles having a ultramicrocrystalline to nanocrystalline structure both in the metal matrix and in the metal metalloid component.

Abstract: A shape memory alloy for repeated use, containing no noble metals. NiTiZr and NiTiZrCu shape memory alloys having A.sub.s temperature which lies above 100.degree. C. are disclosed. These shape memory alloys have the following composition: 41.5 to 54 atomic % Ni; 24 to 42.5 atomic % Ti and 7.5 to 22 atomic % Zr.

Abstract: A method of producing layers of hard carbon modifications on a substrate includes disposing the substrate in a vacuum chamber in which an anode electrode and a cathode electrode are disposed and spaced from one another. The anode electrode is made of a carbon containing material and serves as a carbon source when a direct current is formed between the spaced electrodes. The two electrodes are energized, thereby forming a direct current arc in the vacuum between the spaced electrodes; and hydrogen is introduced directly into the region of the arc by flowing hydrogen through at least one of the two electrodes while simultaneously maintaining the arc between the electrodes to feed the arc with carbon from the anode thereby coating a surface of the substrate with a hard carbon layer.

Abstract: A plasma-activated CVD process provides improved adhesion of the coated surface layers and employs, as the plasma exciting source, a pulsed direct voltage and a residual direct voltage which remains during the pulse intervals. The residual direct voltage is equal to or greater than the lowest ionization potential of the gases participating in the CVD process, but is no more than 50% of the maximum value of the pulsed direct voltage. The total thickness of the layer(s) does not exceed 30 .mu.m and the temperature of the basic tool body during the coating process is reduced, compared to prior art plasma CVD processes, and ranges from between 400.degree. to 800.degree. C., and is preferably kept below 600.degree. C.

Abstract: A dual-track chassis includes an understructure (2) for carrying a load which is pivotal about a vertical axis (6) with respect to the understructure (2). The understructure (2) is supported on two crawler members (1) by joints (4), which provide two oppositely disposed points of support. The understructure (2) is also supported by a rocker member (9), the ends of which are in turn supported by the crawler members (1). In the normal position, the rocker member (9) is parallel to a line between the two points of support provided by the joints (4) and is rotatable about an axis lying in the vertical longitudinal center plane (8) of the chassis. The distance between an axis of rotation (5) and the vertical axis (6) is smaller than the distance between the rocker member (9) and the vertical axis (6). Stability is increased by supporting the understructure (2) on the rocker member (9) using holding members (11) which provide two additional points of support for the understructure (2).

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing can bodies, wherein blanks are laterally centered after removal from a magazine, are engaged in the center of their rear edge and are transported into a shaping station in which initially the center section of the blank is bent into its final shape. While doing this, a central force and friction lock is produced between a transporting means and the deformed blank to realize reliable guidance of the already partially bent blank. To further transport the blank, it is contacted at its rear edge in the already completely bent region by two lateral transporting devices and is advanced to a seam forming station, while the opposite longitudinal edges of the blank are brought to an adjoining relationship.

Abstract: A manipulating apparatus closes a standard barrel by picking up a lid, positioning it in the correct position above the barrel, pressing the lid onto the barrel, picking up a clamping ring, placing it in its spread-open state around the barrel top, and locking the clamping ring so as to retain the lid. The manipulating apparatus can also be used to open a closed barrel by moving a pivot member beneath the clamping lever of the clamping ring, rotating the pivot member to unlock the clamping ring, gripping the clamping ring, removing it while it is spread open, depositing the clamping ring at some convenient location, gripping the lid, removing the lid from the barrel, and depositing the lid. The manipulating apparatus is provided with three support arms (3-5) which form a support unit (1) which is movable horizontally and vertically by a guide unit (28) together with a central carrier (2) which projects beyond the support arms.

Abstract: A method of apportioning the quantity of material in the manufacture of molded products made from hardenable molding compounds in which a resin mat panel is cut into individual cut pieces which are stacked into mat packets and fed to the tool of a parallelism controlled press equipped with a path measuring system for measuring the distance between the clamping plates. The mat packets are compacted to become the molded products. A constant molded product volume is realized by measuring the thickness of the molded product at a defined point in time by means of the path measuring system and the measured values are used as regulating values for regulating the size of the cut area of each cut piece.

Abstract: The shock absorber is mounted on a vehicle chassis. It comprises an outer guiding housing and a supporting member movable axially and rotatable relative to it. A hydraulic chamber is located between the guiding housing and the supporting member. This hydraulic chamber is formed by a hydraulic cylinder in this supporting member and is closed by a piston connected axially and nonrotatably with the guiding housing. The hydraulic cylinder may comprise the supporting member alone or may be a separate unit within the supporting member.

Abstract: A device for cleaning a molding tool in a plastics processing machine, for example the molding tool of hydraulic presses for pressing molded components from fiber reinforced plastics. The device including a cleaning tool which can be brought to at least one of the surfaces to be cleaned in at least one of a male mold and female mold of the molding tool. In order to be able to perform automatic cleaning of the molding tool in a minimum amount of time and simultaneously avoid the danger of damage to the tool and the machine, the cleaning tool is provided with a holder which is disposed at a carrier of the molding tool, with the movement of the holder being synchronized with the operating stroke of the machine.

Abstract: A tire press for vulcanizing a tire includes two rotationally symmetrical vulcanizing tools which are situated inside the tire in the working position thereof and which have a tool diameter greater than the diameter of the tire. The tire press further includes an apparatus for introducing the tire into the tire press. The apparatus has a carrier; a moving and guiding mechanism for displacing the carrier parallel to the press axis and also in a plane perpendicular to the press axis between a tire-receiving position and a position at the vulcanizing tools; an auxiliary frame mounted on the carrier to be pivotal with respect thereto about an axis perpendicular to the press axis; and a tool mounted on the auxiliary frame for grasping one of the two tire beads.

Abstract: A process for the continuous extraction of mixtures of organic substances including high boiling point constituents and/or constituents which do not boil but which melt with at least one solvent in the supercritical state, selected from the group consisting of CO.sub.2, propane, butane, pentane, petroleum ether, water, and having a critical temperature, T.sub.k, and a critical pressure, P.sub.

Abstract: A method of analyzing elements of a metal melt contained in a melting vessel comprises the following steps: introducing an inert gas at a temperature in excess of 300.degree. C. laterally into a tube passing through a lateral wall of the melting vessel and opening thereinto; generating a laser beam; passing the laser beam through an adjustable first lens system; reflecting the laser beam by a mirror into the tube; guiding the laser beam through a quartz window which closes the tube; generating a plasma in the tube by focusing the laser beam by the adjustable first lens system onto the surface of the metal melt in the tube; guiding the light generated by the plasma through the quartz window to an adjustable second lens system; coupling the light by the adjustable second lens system with an optical waveguide; and introducing the light by the optical waveguide into a spectrometer.

Abstract: A polychromator in a Paschen-Runge mounting in which intensity measurements are made by means of a row of photodiodes. The spectral intensity distribution of at least two spectral regions on the Rowland circle is transmitted to the row of photodiodes by image conductors and is measured there.

Abstract: A cutting device for severing sheet material comprises a pneumatic cylinder defining a cylinder chamber having opposite first and second ends; a piston longitudinally slidably received in the cylinder chamber for executing working strokes between the first and second ends; a cutting blade situated at least partially externally of the cylinder and being secured to the piston for travel with the piston as a unit; a pressurized air vessel; and a first and a second switching valve connected to the respective ends of the cylinder chamber and to the presurized air vessel. Each switching valve has a first position in which pneumatic communication is maintained between the pressurized air vessel and a respective cylinder chamber part and a second position in which the respective cylinder chamber part is vented.