Abstract: A drilling tool which has at least one helical fluid flow channel at its interior, is composed of a hard metal core having an exterior surface and a hard metal tubular casing having an interior surface. The casing encloses the core with their surfaces in firm contact so that the core and casing form a composite body. Each channel is formed as a groove in the surface of the core or casing.

Abstract: Apparatus for separating solid substances from liquid mixtures of substances, wherein the liquid substances contained in the mixture are separated from the solid substances by countercurrent extraction with a solvent which, during the extraction process, is in a liquid or supercritical state and which, under standard conditions, is gaseous. The solvent is fed to a cylindrical extraction chamber at the lowest point of the extraction chamber. The solvent leaves the nozzles with a Reynold's number of 40,000 and flows upward in the extraction chamber with a Reynold's number of 2,700 to 8,000.

Abstract: A bunker system for accommodating and further transporting materials from surface mines includes a bunker device being provided adjacent a terrace wall. The bunker device comprises a platform and an endless conveyor for transporting the material; side walls bounding and together surrounding the platform to form, with the platform, an upwardly open storage area for accommodating and holding the materials. A niche, having niche walls, is provided in the terrace wall. Some of the side walls form part of the bunker device and are disposed on the platform adjacent the endless conveyor and some of the side walls are constituted by the niche walls.

Abstract: A roll block for rolling wire to final gauge in a high speed wire mill with a plurality of roll units alternatingly positioned at right angles to each other and behind each other, which are driven by two roll drive shafts running on both sides of the line of rolls parallel to it, includes a dividing gear unit for driving both drive shafts by a common drive motor. The individual roll units are connected to the roll drive shafts by miter wheel, bevel and/or other gear units. The gear ratios in the dividing gear unit on setting predetermined rotational speed ratios of the roll drive shafts lead to a predetermined series of caliber reductions for which the respective roll block is designed. Other materials and/or roll products require, if the gear ratios and rotational speeds are to be maintained constant, correspondingly changed dividing gear units. Such changes are no longer required when the dividing gear unit is a mechanical or hydraulic gearshift which produces different rotational speeds.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for determining the transit time of echoes triggered by exposure of the bottom of a body of water to sonic pulses, in order to improve the echo detection in a received signal intercepted via at least one receiving lobe, particularly for mapping the surface profile of a sea bed. A temporal echo expectation window is opened up on either side of an echo expectation time, the temporal length of the window being dimensioned greater than a maximum echo length to be expected on the basis of an assumed maximum slope of the sea bed and/or a reception angle of the receiving lobe deviating from the vertical. The center of gravity integral is formed from the received signal defined by the echo expectation window, and the time component of the center of gravity is defined as the echo transit time. The echo expectation time is derived from the echo propagation at a known sounding depth.

Abstract: A centrifugal caster arrangement including: a motor driven centrifuge arm and a weight arm connected to the centrifuge arm, with both arms being rotatable about a vertical axis. A counterweight is permanently fixed to the weight arm and a casting chamber is connected to the centrifuge arm. A melting crucible is disposed in the casting chamber. A plurality of muffle sets is provided with each muffle set including an exchangeable muffle cage and an associated casting muffle inserted therein. The casting chamber is provided with a region for mounting one of the muffle sets. Each exchangeable muffle cage is matched to its associated casting muffle according to size and weight so that the total weight of each respective muffle set is such magnitude that when each respective muffle set is mounted in the casting chamber and rotated about the vertical axis the centrifuge arm is in balance with the weight arm and the permanently fixed counterweight.

Abstract: A loading process for a heated tire press is described herein in which a loader takes an unfinished tire from an unfinished tire stand and puts it between the tire forming pieces of the tire press. This loader travels with folded-in clamp jaws into the inside of the unfinished tire from below, engages it with extended clamp jaws inside of the upper bead from below, transports it in this position to the upper tire forming piece and raises it until its upper bead presses against the upper rim ring on the upper tire forming piece. The upper bead is held there by an auxiliary bellows, retaining fastener or the like. Subsequently the clamp jaws are folded in again and the loader retracted.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for adjusting the gap width between a rotatable crusher cone and a crusher housing includes determining a reference position of the crusher cone relative to the crusher housing, storing a first quantity representative of the reference position, rotating the crusher cone, moving the crusher cone to the reference position, moving the crusher cone from the reference position toward the crusher housing until a limit is reached and measuring the distance of the crusher cone from the reference position, storing a second quantity representative of the distance, repeating the preceding three steps a plurality of times while separately storing each of the second quantities, obtaining a new reference position based on each of the second quantities, and determining an operating position of the cone crusher based on the new reference position.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the continuous melting of an iron-containing material in a melting device, the melting device being composed of a vertical shaft having a central axis, a melting furnace disposed below, and communicating with, the shaft, the melting furnace being asymmetrical to the central axis and being formed to have a region which is furthest removed from the central axis, at least one first nozzle opening into the furnace, located in the vicinity of the furnace bottom in the region furthest removed from the central axis, and at least two second nozzles opening into the furnace and located above the furnace bottom.

Abstract: A tool-mounting assembly includes a tool head having a receiving bore and a basic tool holder having a receiving pin that is shaped for insertion into the bore. The bore has a groove with a sloping surface and the receiving pin includes movably mounted clamping elements having lugs. The assembly also includes a clamping device in the form of a screw with left-handed threads that engage one clamping element and right-handed threads that engage the other, so that the clamping elements can be moved away from each other to force the lugs into the groove and thereby clamp the tool head to the basic tool holder. In another embodiment an axially movable push rod is used as the clamping device to force the clamping elements away from each other.

Abstract: An extruded drill blank which has uniform pitch of grooves or lands on the circumference thereof and flushing bores of uniform diameter. A tool and process for producing the extruded drill blank comprises heating a hard metal or ceramic material to the extrusion temperature thereof, pressing the heated metal or ceramic material through the space defined by a mandrel and a nozzle and twisting the blank helically during the extrusion, whereby the billet is guided in the direction of the extrusion by at least one land or groove extending helically and provided on the inside surface of the nozzle, and contemporaneously forming bores on the blank with at least one elastic center pin secured onto the mandrel and spaced apart by a spacing corresponding to the flushing bore; the mandrel terminating prior to the nozzle, and the center pin protruding into the nozzle interior and having a diameter corresponding to the diameter of the flushing bores.

Abstract: A cutting tool, in particular of hard metal, which is coated with hard layers of titanium carbide, titanium carbonitride and/or titanium nitride and that has an outer thin layer of zirconium nitride. The thickness of this outer layer of zirconium nitride amounts to between 1 and 30%, preferably 1 to 10%, of the thickness of the base coating of titanium carbide, titanium carbonitride and/or titanium nitride.

Abstract: Process for the reduction of iron containing chrome ores in which a mixture of chrome ore, coal and slag producers with an ore-coal ratio of 1:0.4 to 1:2 is heated in a rotating furnace in a CO containing atmosphere to temperatures of between 1100.degree. and 1580.degree. C. and in which the rotating furnace is heated in counter flow by a burner through the central nozzle of which oxygen and/or air is supplied. The burner is located at the reaction product discharge end of the furnace and 10 to 90% of the coal for the raw material mixture is introduced into the rotating furnace through the reaction product discharge end, with at least part of this coal being introduced through an outer nozzle of the burner.

Abstract: A metal casting device employs a number of pairs of mold members which can be opened or closed with respect to each other. The mold chamber pairs cooperate, in their closed state, to form a linear mold chamber. In order to compensate for shrinkage as the metal cools, the mold member pairs are movably supported by an endless chain, with the pairs of cooperating mold members being provided with contact faces having the same angle of inclination. Each mold member pair is also equipped with supporting rollers with which the associated mold chamber section can be closed or opened, as required.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for the contactless monitoring of a working tool for breakage or wear, the tool being installed in a machine having at least two parts, with one of the parts being stressed by forces imposed on the working tool during machine operation, by: inductively monitoring the position of the one part relative to the other of the two parts during machine operation to produce at least one induced voltage representative of a change in relative position; determining the value of the induced voltage; and emitting a signal when a predetermined change occurs in the value of the induced voltage.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for laser-beam welding of longitudinal seams in container bodies feature overlapping longitudinal ends of a metal sheet, the length of the transverse ends of which exceeds a predetermiined circumferential dimension for the container body, into such a position relative to one another that they form an acute angle and define an angular opening, and the edge of one longitudinal end is oriented toward the inner face of the other longitudinal end. At least one focused laser beam, which is capable of relative movement with respect to this angular opening and parallel to the longitudinal ends, is aimed into the angular opening and locally melts portions of the longitudinal ends. The locally-molten longitudinal end portions are pressed against one another before they drop below the welding temperature to form a welded longitudinal seam.

Abstract: A plurality of roll-journaling insert bodies for the upper rolls and for the lower rolls raisable and lowerable are mounted on and offset form a stand gate by feet insertable in a plurality of supporting members and, on lowering, lock successively against a motion in the direction of the roll axes and jointly are removable from the rolling-mill stand with the rolls in the axial direction. The supporting members are in the form of a plurality of supporting beams provided with a plurality of passages for the continuous unhindered passage of an item to be rolled through the rolling mill. The raising and lowering devices for the roll-journaling insert bodies can be hydraulic cylinders mounted in the supporting bars. The supporting beams are provided with continuously running grooves for the feet of the structural members.

Abstract: In operation of a screw extruder, particularly a pin extruder, processing a rubber or a plastic mixture, troubling disturbances and on occasion heavy damage occur when foreign bodies are introduced into the extruder with the material to be processed causing damage to the extruder structure. In order to avoid this damage one possibility is to shut off the extruder at a sufficiently early time and of course immediately when an appropriate dangerous condition is detected. Therefore the drive torque which is taken by the extruder screw shaft is compared with the mass pressure in the mixture to be processed. As soon as this compared value no longer follows the functional dependence of the normal operating parameters such as the rotation speed of the extruder shaft, viscosity of the mixture, temperature lowering of the tempering medium, the volume increase of the mixture drawn in the extruder inlet or the like, the extruder is automatically shut off since a disturbance by foreign bodies is assumed.

Abstract: To monitor machines for breakage and/or wear of the tool, the vibrations produced by dynamic forces generated by the machine parts are measured in the range of the natural frequency of the machine above the operating frequencies. The measured values are compared, as the desired states or conditions, with the respective momentary vibration behavior of these measuring locations and frequency ranges (i.e., the actual operating state or condition), and whenever there is a deviation of the actual state from the desired state by a given threshold value, a signal is emitted which may be used to shut down the machine.

Abstract: A process for producing a coated molded body according to the CVD process, in which at least one layer of hard material, consisting of carbides, nitrides and/or carbonitrides of the elements titanium, zirconium, hafnium, niobium and/or tantalum is deposited on a metallic substrate from a reactive gas phase. The gas phase contains aluminium trichloride, aluminium tribromide or magnesium chloride in a molar ratio of from 0.1:1 to 5:1, with respect to the halide of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, niobium and/or tantalum which is in the gas phase.