Abstract: A yeast package is provided which can be used during the second fermentation in a bottle for the production of sparkling wines starting from basic wine containing sugar. A drastic reduction in time and in labor is possible due to easy separation of yeast and beverage.

Abstract: DNA constructs that are useful for providing secretory expression of heterologous polypeptides in yeast comprising a DNA sequence that includes a Kluyveromyces .alpha.-factor leader sequence linked to the heterologous polypeptide by a yeast processing signal. Constructs employing the K. lactis .alpha.-factor leader and processing signal sequences, with and without spacer, linked to prochymosin are exemplified.

Abstract: A process is provided for the preparation of 3-methylene and 3-halomethylene cepham derivatives via 3-phosphoniomethyl-3-cephem derivatives, which in turn can be prepared from 3-halomethyl-3-cephem derivatives. The preparation can be carried out with or without isolating the intermediate phosphonium cephem compounds. The 3-methylene and 3-halomethylene cephem derivatives and in particular the 1-oxo and 1,1-dioxo cephem compounds are also prepared by reducing a 3-halomethyl-3-cephem derivative with activated metal, preferably zinc or magnesium.

Abstract: Recombinantly produced serum albumin is purified in a series of steps, initially employing an alkaline precipitation, optionally followed by incubation with an anion exchange absorbent, followed by affinity chromatography employing a hydrophobic solid phase and using a water-soluble lipid anion as desorbens in the aqueous phase.

Abstract: A process is provided for the preparation of 3-methylene and 3-halomethylene cepham derivatives via 3-phosphoniomethyl-3-cephem derivatives, which in turn can be prepared from 3-halomethyl-3-cephem derivatives. The preparation can be carried out with or without isolating the intermediate phosphonium cephem compounds. The 3-methylene and 3-halomethylene cepham derivatives and in particular the 1-oxo and 1,1-dioxo cepham compounds are also prepared by reducing a 3-halomethyl-3-cephem derivative with activated metal, preferably zinc or magnesium.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of metoprolol in a stereospecific form or a non-toxic, pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt thereof and/or a stereospecific form of 4-(2-methoxyethyl)-phenyl glycidyl ether which comprises subjecting 4-(2-methoxyethyl)-phenyl allyl ether to the action of a microorganism having the ability for stereoselective epoxidation of 4-(2-methoxyethyl)-phenyl allyl ether into 4-(2-methoxyethyl)-phenyl glycidyl ether having at least 80% by weight the S configuration, at least partly separating 4-(2-methoxyethyl)-phenyl glycidyl ether and/or reacting 4-(2-methoxyethyl)-phenyl glycidyl ether with isopropylamine and at least partly separating metoprolol and/or converting metoprolol into its non-toxic, pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt.

Abstract: A process for producing an effective anti-ulcer preparation in the form of a dry powder by spray-drying a colloidal solution comprising bismuth citrate, ammonia and a polyhydric alcohol.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of an enriched S-isomer of a 2,2-R.sub.1,R.sub.2 -1,3-dioxolane-4-methanol of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are individually selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms or taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a carbocyclic ring of 3 to 6 carbon atoms comprising subjecting a mixture of R and S isomers of formula I to the action of a microorganism or a substance derived therefrom capable of stereoselective consumption of the R form of formula I for a period of time sufficient to consume the R-isomer to obtain an enriched S isomer of the compound of formula I. Preferably, at least 50% by weight of the R-isomer is consumed.The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of 2,2-R.sub.1,R.sub.2,-1,3-dioxolane-4-methanol consisting predominantly of or substantially completely of S-isomer.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical tablet containing an amphoteric beta-lactam antibiotic, microcrystalline or micro fine cellulose or a mixture of both and a second disintegrant, being low-substituted hydroxypropylcellulose, which fully disintegrates in water within 60 seconds. When swallowed it shows a bioavailability as good as a pharmacy prepared suspension of the antibiotic. The tablet is compressed from a mixture containing a new granulate which is prepared from the antibiotic substance, microcrystalline and/or micro fine cellulose and water only. Such tablets can also be prepared by using other known tablet disintegrants as the second disintegrant.

Abstract: The presence or absence of residues of an antibiotic such as penicillin is rapidly determined in a sample such as milk or meat. The sample is added to a test vessel containing a solidified agar medium containing spores of a microorganism which has high sensitivity for the antibiotic being determined. After addition of nutrients and incubation, presence or absence of the antibiotic is indicated by the extent of growth of the microorganism. The nutrients may be in the form of a tablet which may be placed on the surface of the solidified agar medium prior to use. The tablet may be coated with a layer preventing moisture transport from the medium into the tablet during storage, but allowing nutrient transport under test conditions. The extent of microorganism growth may be determined visually or indicated by an indicator present in the solidified agar medium or the nutrient tablet. The test vessel preferably has a cross-section of 3 to 20 mm and a height of 3 to 30 mm.

Abstract: Kluyveromyces hosts and DNA expression cassettes for use in Kluyveromyces are provided for transcription of endogenous and/or exogenous DNA, and production of peptides, for enhancing production of an endogenous product, or producing an exogenous product. The Kluyveromyces hosts find particular use for secretion of a desired peptide product, where signal sequences may be native to the peptide or provided from endogenous or exogenous signal sequences, including synthetic sequences, functional in Kluyveromyces. A transformation procedure is provided for efficiently transforming Kluyveromyces.

Abstract: Novel lipolytic enzymes having an optimum pH in the range of 8 and 10.5 which exhibits effective lipase activity in an aqueous solution containing a detergent at a concentration of up to about 10 g/l under washing conditions at a temperature of 60.degree. C. or below and at a pH between 7 and 11. These lipases are useful in washing compsitions, premixes and enzymatic detergent additives. They are obtainable from bacteria strains selected from Psedomonas pseudoalcaligenes, Pseudomanas stutzeri and Acinetobacter calcoaceticus. Preferred strains are Pxs. pseudoalcaligenes CBS 467.85, CBS 468.85, CBS 471.85, CBS 473.85 and ATCC 29625, Ps. stutzeri CBS 461.85 and Acimetobacter calcoaceticus CBS 460.85, and variants and mutants thereof.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of 7.beta.-amino-3-substituted methyl-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid derivatives, new intermediates comprising 7.beta.-(cyclo)alkylideneammonio-3-halomethyl-3-cephem-4-carbox ylic acid derivatives and 7.beta.-amino/ammonio-3-bromomethyl-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid derivatives and the processes for the preparation of these intermediates.

Abstract: N-(sulfonylmethyl)formamides are obtained by reacting a sulfinic acid, formaldehyde and formamide in the presence of a second acid and a controlled amount of water. The formamides can be converted to the corresponding sulfonylmethylisocyanides.

Abstract: 9(11)-dehydroandrostanes and 9(11)-dehydropregnanes are prepared by dehydrating the corresponding 9-alpha-hydroxy steroid in the presence of a Lewis acid. The corresponding 8(9)-dehydro-isomer was not detectable. The resulting products are valuable intermediates in steroid synthesis especially in the preparation of corticosteroids.

Abstract: Trans-.beta.-lactams are prepared in a nearly quantitative yield by a condensation reaction of a new intermediate metal enolate and an appropriate imine. Certain new metal enolates are provided as intermediates.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a pharmaceutically active compound in a stereospecific form of the formula ##STR1## or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester thereof, like an alkali metal salt or an alkaline earth metal salt or a pivaloyl ester, wherein R.sub.1 represents an optionally substituted aryl group such as a phenyl or naphthyl group optionally included in a heterocyclic ring system, which is optionally substituted, or represents a heteroaromatic ring system containing in addition to carbon atoms one or more atoms selected from nitrogen, sulphur and oxygen, this ring system being optionally substituted, which comprises subjecting a compound of the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sub.

Abstract: A new cloning system is described capable of expressing genetic material derived from recombinant DNA material, which comprises a yeast of the genus Kluyveromyces as a host. Suitable vectors are e.g. vectors containing autonomously replicating sequences (ARS) and vectors containing homologous Kluyveromyces DNA acting as a site for recombination with the host chromosome. New and preferred vectors are those containing ARS sequences originating from Kluyveromyces (KARS vectors). The genetically engineered new strains of Kluyveromyces produce, inter alia, lactase and chymosin.

Abstract: A new solid bismuth containing composition which is colloidally soluble in water is obtained by spray drying an aqueous ammoniacal colloidal solution of bismuth citrate. The new composition is effective for the treatment of peptic ulcers.

Abstract: Novel tablets comprising (a) 80 to 98% by weight of a mixture of trimethoprim and/or an acid addition salt thereof and a sulfonamide and/or a salt thereof in a weight ratio of 1:20 to 20:1 and (b) a pharmaceutically acceptable synthetic ion exchange resin having improved disintegration times and other properties and a process for their preparation.