Abstract: The ethyl esters of .beta.- and .gamma.-campholenic acids and of .gamma.-campholenic acid in admixture with .alpha.-campholenic acid and the ethyl esters of the corresponding dihydro derivatives have organoleptic properties which make them useful for preparing fragrances and flavors.

Abstract: Userful as antimicrobial agents in aqeuous systems are .alpha.-halo.beta.-(substituted)thioacrylonitriles of the formula ##STR1## wherein X represents Cl, Br or I and R represents a lower alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heterocyclo, or a thiocarbonyl group. The configuration about the double bond may be E or Z or a mixture thereof. These compounds provide effective control of microbial growth. The derivatives of formula I are economically prepared from acrylonitrile via a three-step process involving (a) halogenation, (b) dehydrohalogenation and (c) nucleophilic-type displacement. Except for those compounds wherein X is bromo and R is methyl or phenyl, the compounds of formula I are not mentioned in the prior art.

Abstract: The lower alkyl esters of .alpha.-campholenic acid and .alpha.-campholanic acid have organoleptic properties which make them useful for preparing fragrances and flavors.

Abstract: Novel mixtures of bicylic ethers of the formulas ##STR1## wherein R represents an alkyl group of from one to four carbon atoms, said mixture having at least a 1.1:1 ratio of 1a to 1b, a process for their manufacture and their use as odorants are described.

Abstract: A method for the manufacture of the four geometric isomers of 4(2-butenylidene)-3,5,5-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one is provided. The process comprises pyrolyzing a compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein R represents lower-alkyl-oxycarbonyl, aryl-oxycarbonyl, or, preferably, lower-alkanoyl, benzoyl or substituted benzoyl.

Abstract: Substituted benzamidines and their hydrochloride salts are useful as ultraviolet light absorbers, the benzamidines having the formula ##STR1## wherein: A.sup.1 and A.sup.2 may be the same or different and represent --COOR.sup.1, --CONR.sup.1 R.sup.2, --C.tbd.N or --C.sub.6 H.sub.5 ;A.sup.3 represents --H, --OH, --OR, --Cl, --NO.sub.2, --C.tbd.N, --C.sub.6 H.sub.5, or an alkyl group of one to five carbon atoms;R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 may be the same or different and represent hydrogen or an alkyl group of one to ten carbon atoms; and,R represents an alkyl group of one to ten carbon atoms.

Abstract: Flavor compositions and tobacco products containing 3,5,5,6,8,8-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydro-2-naphthalenone and methods for making same are disclosed.

Abstract: The use of a novel system for preserving aqueous systems normally subject to spoilage is disclosed. The system comprises the incorporation of .beta.-bromo-.beta.-nitrostyrene onto a solid maltodextrin or corn syrup solid of low to intermediate dextrose equivalency.

Abstract: Tobacco products, tobacco flavoring compositions, and methods for improving, modifying or enhancing the organoleptic properties of tobacco products, which comprise adding thereto an effective amount of an oxo-ionyl ester of the formula ##STR1## wherein: RCO represents an acyl group containing from one to eighteen carbon atoms,the dotted line in the side-chain represents an optional bond,one of the dotted lines in the ring represents an additional bond, and,Z represents an oxo group which is in the position .alpha. to the double bond in the ring,said amount being effective to modify the organoleptic properties of said tobacco product or composition.

Abstract: A device for branching gas flows, more particularly in a gas chromatography plant, the device having: an inlet branch connected to the output of a separating column; and two outlet branches which extend from a junction to subsequent parts of the plant, characterised in that one outlet branch is connected by way of a shutoff valve to a device producing a pressure lower than the pressure in the other outlet branch.

Abstract: The invention is concerned with compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein: R represents an alkyl group of one to four carbons, an alkenyl group of two to four carbons or a 1-alkoxy-alkyl group of the formula ##STR2## R.sup.1,R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 may be the same or different and represent hydrogen, methyl or ethyl;R.sup.4 represents hydrogen, an alkyl group of from one to five carbon atoms, an alkenyl group of from two to four carbon atoms or an alkylidene group of from one to four carbon atoms;R.sup.5,R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 may be the same or different and represent hydrogen, methyl or ethyl with the proviso that the sum R.sup.5 +R.sup.6 +R.sup.7 does not exceed two carbon atoms; andR.sup.8 represents methyl or ethyl;with the proviso that at least two, but not more than three of the symbols R.sup.1,R.sup.2,R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 represent hydrogen.This invention is also concerned with odorant and flavoring compositions containing these compounds.

Abstract: Novel compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein: the symbols R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 represent hydrogen or methyl, with the proviso that only one of R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.4 represents methyl, and, when either or both R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 represent methyl, then R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.4 represent hydrogen; and,either the symbol (.dbd.O) on the carbon designated by the number 1 or the symbol (.dbd.O) on the carbon designated by the number 3, represents a keto group, such that when the group is present on carbon 1, then carbon 3 may contain a methyl group.and their use as odorants are described.

Abstract: An air freshening device which allows a liquid fragrance material to be dispensed into the ambient air of a room or other designated area in a linear fashion, i.e., without distortion of the odor character and without a change in the rate of delivery. More particularly, the device comprices a reservoir, a fragrance material, and an external capillary member, wherein said external capillary member has one or more external capillary cavities, the lower portion of said capillary being in contact with the liquid fragrance material to be dispensed, and the upper portion of said capillary being exposed to the air in the room or area into which it is desired to dispense the fragrance.

Abstract: The novel odorants, 3-(3-propan-2-ylphenyl)butanal and 3-(3-propen-2-ylphenyl)butanal, are disclosed.

Abstract: Novel odorants of the formula ##STR1## namely, 1,1,2,4,4-pentamethyl-6-formyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene (1a) and 1,1,2,4,4-pentamethyl-7-formyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene (1b), possess powerful, very natural-warm, musk-like odor notes.

Abstract: The invention is concerned with a novel process for the manufacture of compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 signifies C.sub.1-5 -alkyl, especially methyl, ethyl, propyl or isopropyl, and the radicals R.sup.2 each independently represent hydrogen or C.sub.1-5 -alkyl, especially hydrogen or methyl, ethyl, propyl or isopropyl.The process is characterized in that a compound of the formula ##STR2## wherein R stands for C.sub.1-4 -alkoxy, chlorine, bromine or C.sub.1-4 -alkanoyloxy, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 have the above significance and R.sup.3 represents C.sub.1-4 -alkyl.is hydrolyzed and subjected to an aldol condensation and, where R=C.sub.1-4 -alkoxy, the reaction product is subsequently subjected to an acid treatment.The compounds I are for the most part known flavoring substances.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for the evaporation of a solution into the ambient air. The apparatus contains a reservoir having at least one elastic wall; a first compartment outside the reservoir having an opening to the ambient air; a passage which may be intermittently opened and closed, connecting the reservoir to the first compartment; and, an absorbent material placed on a support which is outside both the reservoir and the first compartment, and which is in contact with the first compartment. By exerting pressure on the elastic wall of the reservoir, solution may be transferred from the reservoir to the first compartment through the passage when it is open. The passage is kept closed during the time intervals between intermittent transfers of the solution. The portion of solution which has been transferred to the first compartment is gradually and continuously transferred to the absorbent material for evaporation to the ambient air.

Abstract: Novel odorant and/or flavoring substances are described. These are the compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein: R.sup.1 represents methyl or ethyl,R.sup.2 represents hydrogen or methyl,the dotted line represents an optional carbon-carbon bond,n is 0 or 1, and,when n is O, R.sup.3 is hydrogen and R.sup.4 represents acetyl or propronyl, and,when n is 1, R.sup.3 represents methyl or ethyl and R.sup.4 represents hydrogen or methyl,with the exception of 1,4,4,7a-tetramethyl-3a,4,5,7a-tetrahydro-7(6H)-ind-1-enone.The compounds of formula I possess organoleptic properties which make them particularly suitable for use as odorant and/or flavoring substances.

Abstract: .alpha.-Campholenic alcohol, dihydro-.alpha.-campholenic alcohol and the lower acyl esters thereof have organoleptic properties which make them useful as tobacco flavorants.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a novel class of 2-alkyl-3-haloisothiazolium salts. These salts have been found to be useful in controlling the growth of bacteria and fungi. They have also been found to be useful intermediates in the preparation of novel and known antibacterial and antifungal compounds.