Abstract: A process is described for the preparation of tungsten and/or molybdenum metal powder or carbide by reducing and optionally carburizing treatment of tungsten and/or molybdenum oxide powder in the presence of alkali metal compounds, wherein at least two alkali metal compounds are used in a ratio so that mixed alkali tungstate or molybdate potentially formed in an intermediate step ((Li, Na, K)2 WOZ, (Li, Na, K)2MoOZ) has a melting point of less than 550° C., wherein z is from 3 to 4.

Abstract: The invention relates to a thin film capacitor containing (a) a substrate, (b) a first polymeric film containing an electrically conductive polymer located on the substrate, (c) a pentoxide layer selected from the group consisting of tantalum pentoxide, or niobium pentoxide, and mixtures thereof, (d) a second polymeric film containing an electrically conductive polymer located on the pentoxide layer.

Abstract: High purity ammonium dimolybdate or molybdenum oxide is produced by the pressure oxidation of low grade molybdenite concentrates or molybdenum intermediates. The process entails nearly complete oxidation of the sulfide minerals while optimizing the process chemistry and autoclave conditions to solubilize as little of the molybdenum values as possible. The autoclave discharge 12 is then subjected to a leaching step, either an alkaline leach 50, 400 or ammonium leach 250 process, before or after a liquid/solid separation step 20, 220, 410. The solution is then subjected to (a) filtration 60, 410, solvent extraction 70, 440, crystallization 90,450, and calcination 120, 480 or (b) filtration 260, 280, crystallization 290, and calcination 320 to produce a product suitable for chemical-grade molybdenum oxide 125, 325, 485.

Abstract: A process for producing sintered pellets made from blends of refractory metal and refractory metal nitride powders were found to have a higher fraction of intra-agglomerate pores than those made from the refractory metal or refractory metal nitride alone resulting in improved capacitor grade powders, anodes and finished capacitors therefrom. The pellet porosity and total intrusion volume maximizes when the mixture is in the 50-75 W/W % refractory metal nitride range. The total pellet pore surface area was found to be relatively independent of refractory metal nitride concentration above 50%. A substrate consisting of a 50/50 or 25/75 W/W % refractory metal/refractory metal nitride powder mixture should produce solid capacitors with higher capacitance recovery and lower ESR.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of extracting anions based on metals of groups IV B to VIII of the periodic table from aqueous solutions thereof, wherein compounds of general formula are used as extractants, in which a maximum of two of the R1, R2, R3 and R4 substituents represent hydrogen atoms and the remaining substituents represent identical or different alkyl or aminoakyl groups, which are optionally branched and which contain on average at least 5 C atoms.

Abstract: The present invention relates to basic cobalt(II) carbonate, agglomerated from fine primary particles and of general composition Co[(OH)2]a[CO3]1−a, where 0.1≦a≦0.9, and to spheroidal cobalt(II) hydroxide, to a process for producing them and to their use.

Abstract: The present invention relates to cutting tool insert consisting of a tungsten carbide based hard metal substrate and a coating. The hard metal consists of about 4-15 wt-% binder phase with face centered cubic structure and a composition of 35-65 wt-% Fe and 35-65 wt-% Ni in addition to dissolved elements. As a result, inserts have been produced with at least as good performance in machining as conventional state-of-the-art inserts with Co-based binder phase. The insert can be applied in milling and turning of low and medium alloyed steels as well as stainless steels.

Abstract: The allows: Ta—Si, Nb—Si, TaN—Si, NbN—Si and variants are used as enhanced powder anode substrates for electrolytic capacitor anodes (sintered powder masses) with dielectric oxide formation at walls of the internal pores.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a homogeneous mixture of hard material powders and binder metal powders without using grinding bodies, liquid grinding auxiliary agents and suspending media. According to the invention, the mixture components are mixed at close range while generating a high shearing collision velocity of the powder particles and are remotely mixed by rotating the mixing bed without resulting in a particle size reduction of the hard material powders.

Abstract: Electrolytic capacitor lead wires doped with one or more interstitial elements at the surface to enhance (lower) leakage of capacitors using such lead wires.

Abstract: A process for producing sintered pellets made from blends of refractory metal and refractory metal nitride powders were found to have a higher fraction of intra-agglomerate pores than those made from the refractory metal or refractory metal nitride alone resulting in improved capacitor grade powders, anodes and finished capacitors therefrom. The pellet porosity and total intrusion volume maximizes when the mixture is in the 50-75 W/W % refractory metal nitride range. The total pellet pore surface area was found to be relatively independent of refractory metal nitride concentration above 50%. A substrate consisting of a 50/50 or 25/75 W/W % refractory metal/refractory metal nitride powder mixture should produce solid capacitors with higher capacitance recovery and lower ESR.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of metallic and metal-ceramic composite components by powder injection molding of a system comprising a metal composite powder, a binder and optionally a ceramic component, where the metal composite powder used is mixed with a protecting liquid in an inert atmosphere before the mixing with the binder. The invention furthermore relates to molybdenum/copper and tungsten/copper composite powders which have a primary metal particle size of predominantly <2 &mgr;m, an oxygen content of <0.8% by weight and optionally a ceramic component, to the use of these composite powders for the production of composite components by powder injection molding, and to a process for the preparation of composite powders in which oxides of molybdenum or tungsten and of copper are mixed, dry-ground and reduced using hydrogen at a temperature of from 800 to 1050° C., and a ceramic component is optionally admixed with the resultant metal composite powder.

Abstract: Metal powder Ta and/or Nb, with or without one or metals from the group Ta, Nb, Ti, Mo, W, V, Zr and Hf, is made in a fine powder form by reduction of metal oxide by contact with a gaseous reducing agent, preferably an alkaline earth metal, to near complete reduction, leaching, further deoxidation and agglomeration, the powder so produced being sinterable to capacitor anode form and processable to other usages.

Abstract: A process is described for the production of metal powder and alloy powders containing at least one of the metals iron, copper, tin, cobalt or nickel, by mixing aqueous metal salt solutions with an aqueous carboxylic acid solution, separating the precipitation product from the mother liquor and reducing the precipitation product to the metal.

Abstract: A process for producing sintered pellets made from blends of refractory metal and refractory metal nitride powders were found to have a higher fraction of intra-agglomerate pores than those made from the refractory metal or refractory metal nitride alone resulting in improved capacitor grade powders, anodes and finished capacitors therefrom. The pellet porosity and total intrusion volume maximizes when the mixture is in the 50-75 W/W % refractory metal nitride range. The total pellet pore surface area was found to be relatively independent of refractory metal nitride concentration above 50%. A substrate consisting of a 50/50 or 25/75 W/W % refractory metal/refractory metal nitride powder mixture should produce solid capacitors with higher capacitance recovery and lower ESR.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing niobium(V) alkoxides and tantalum(V) alkoxides, in particular niobium(V) ethoxide and tantalum(V) ethoxide, by reacting NbCl5 or TaCl5 with an appropriate alcohol in the presence of ammonia, wherein NbCl5 or TaCl5 is dissolved at a temperature of from about 0° C. to −50° C. in the alcohol containing from about 5 to about 7 mol of ammonia per mol of NbCl5 or TaCl5 to be reacted.

Abstract: A method of making sheet bar and other precursors of formed products to be made by extensive working. The method includes providing a powder metal, preferably under 100 PPM oxygen content of non-spherical particles, compacting the powder into a coherent precursor form of at least 100 pounds, whereby a precursor is provided enabling extended fabrication to a finished product form. The finished product is resistant to breakup in fabrication due to oxide inclusion effect and produces a low oxygen end product. The method can process multiple species of metals that include at least one higher melting metal and one lower melting metal to produce an alloy or micro-composite of the metals as worked, where one metal is preferably a refractory metal (Ta, Nb, W, Wo, Zr, Hf, V and Re). The process is controlled to cause powder of the higher melting metal to be extended into a fibrous form.

Abstract: Metal nitride compound powder substrate for capacitor anodic oxide film and the substrate interface therebetween, characterized, relative to un-nitrided analogs, by reduced temperature bias and frequency dependencies of capacitance, the substrate-anodic oxide interface being substantially insensitive to heating compared to the un-nitrided analog.

Abstract: A paste is described for the production of sintered refractory metal layers, particularly for electrolytic capacitor anodes, consisting of 40 to 92% by weight of a refractory metal powder as a discrete phase, and of a continuous phase which substantially consists of organic compounds which are synthesised from carbon, oxygen and hydrogen only, wherein the ratio of the number of oxygen atoms to carbon atoms is at least 0.5, and optionally consisting of a solvent which evaporates below 150° C.

Abstract: Refractory metal pickling bath of HF/H2O2 aqueous solution with recovery of the etched metal as a salt thereof and separation of dissolved impurities taken from the refractory metal, with avoidance of drawbacks of state of the art HF/HNO3 pickling solutions.