Abstract: Macromolecular compounds having a core-shell structure are described. Also described is a process for preparing such macromolecular compounds, and their use as semiconductors in electronic structural elements.

Abstract: Transparent functional layers of conductive polymers, their production and their use in optical constructions.

Abstract: The invention relates to compositions which include: (a) a polythiophene containing repeating units represented by the following general formula (I), wherein X represents, for example, —CH2—CH(CH2—O—(CH2)4SO3?H+)—; and (b) further polymers, that are different than polythiophene (a), and which contain SO3? M+ or COO?M+ groups. Also disclosed are electroluminescing (EL) arrangements that contain hole-injecting layers which include such compositions.

Abstract: A process for elution of rhenium adsorbed on strongly basic ion-exchange resins by means of highly concentrated aqueous hydrochloric acid solution is described, in which the ion-exchange resin is treated with aqueous solution containing an oxidizing agent.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions/formulations that include: polythiophenes (A) containing recurring units represented by the following general formula (I), in which is, for example, —CH2—CH2—; and two additional polymers (B) and (C), each having SO3?M+ or COO?M+ functional groups. Also disclosed are electroluminescent arrangements having hole-injecting layers containing the disclosed compositions.

Abstract: Electrolytic capacitor powder substrates are provided of refractory metal nitrides to reduce instability at a substrate-oxide (as formed) interface whereby the resultant capacitor sensitivity to hear, bias and frequency is reduced.

Abstract: The invention relates to a silicone nitride based substrate for semi-conductor components, said substrate containing silicon nitride (Si3N4), silicon carbide (SIC) and silicon oxynitride(Si2N2O) as crystalline phases. The silicon phase content is less or equal to 5%, the shrinkage during production is less than 5% and the open porosity of the substrate is less than 15% vol. %. The invention also relates to a method for the production and use of said substrate as an element of semi-conductor components, particularly thin film solar cells, and semi-conductor components which contain said substrate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a thin film capacitor containing (a) a substrate, (b) a first polymeric film comprising an electrically conductive polymer located on the substrate, (c) a pentoxide layer selected from the group consisting of tantalum pentoxide, or niobium pentoxide, and mixtures thereof, (d) a second polymeric film comprising an electrically conductive polymer located on the pentoxide layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel 3,4-alkylenedioxythiophene dimers and trimers, to their preparation and to their use as precursors for conductive polymers.

Abstract: A process is described for the preparation of powder mixtures or composite powders from at least one first type of powder from the group consisting of high-melting metals, hard materials and ceramic powders and at least one second type of powder from the group consisting of binder metals, binder-metal mixed crystals and binder-metal alloys, where the second type of powder is formed from precursor compounds in the form of water-soluble salts in an aqueous suspension of the first type of powder by precipitation as oxalate, removal of the mother liquor and reduction to the metal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing lithium-transition metal mixtures of general formula Lix(M1yM21-y)nOnz, wherein M1 represents nickel, cobalt or manganese, M2 represents chromium, cobalt, iron, manganese, molybdenum or aluminium, and is different from M1, n is 2 if M1 represents manganese and is 1 otherwise, x is comprised between 0.9 and 1.2, y is comprised between 0.5 and 1.0 and z is comprised between 1.9 and 2.1. According to the inventive method, an intimate mixture composed of transition metal compounds containing oxygen and of a lithium compound containing oxygen is calcinated, said mixture being obtained by processing a solid powder transition metal compound with a solution of said lithium compound, and then drying. At least the M1 compound is used in powder form having a specific surface of at least 20 m2/g (BET) and calcination is carried out in a fluidised bed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of metallic and metal-ceramic composite components by powder injection molding of a system comprising a metal composite powder, a binder and optionally a ceramic component, where the metal composite powder used is mixed with a protecting liquid in an inert atmosphere before the mixing with the binder. The invention furthermore relates to molybdenum/copper and tungsten/copper composite powders which have a primary metal particle size of predominantly <2 ?m, an oxygen content of <0.8% by weight and optionally a ceramic component, to the use of these composite powders for the production of composite components by powder injection molding, and to a process for the preparation of composite powders in which oxides of molybdenum or tungsten and of copper are mixed, dry-ground and reduced using hydrogen at a temperature of from 800 to 1050° C., and a ceramic component is optionally admixed with the resultant metal composite powder.

Abstract: The invention relates to a nickel mixed hydroxide with Ni as the main element and with a layer structure, comprising at least one element Ma from the group comprising Fe, Cr, Co, Ti, Zr and Cu which is present in two different oxidation states which differ by one electron in terms of the number of outer electrons; at least one element Mb from the group comprising B, Al, Ga, In and RE (rare earth metals) present in the trivalent oxidation state; optionally at least one element Mc from the group comprising Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba and Zn present in the divalent oxidation state; apart from the hydroxide, at least one additional anion from the group comprising halides, carbonate, sulfate, oxalate, acetate, borate and phosphate in a quantity sufficient to preserve the electroneutrality of the mixed hydroxide; and water of hydration in a quantity which stabilizes the relevant structure of the mixed hydroxide.

Abstract: High purity refractory metals, valve metals, refractory metal oxides, valve metal oxides, or alloys thereof suitable for a variety of electrical, optical and mill product/fabricated parts usages are produced from their respective oxides by metalothermic reduction of a solid or liquid form of such oxide using a reducing agent that establishes (after ignition) a highly exothermic reaction, the reaction preferably taking place in a continuously or step-wise moving oxide such as gravity fall with metal retrievable at the bottom and an oxide of the reducing agent being removable as a gas or in other convenient form and unreacted reducing agent derivatives being removable by leaching or like process.

Abstract: An electrolyte capacitor containing a niobium anode, a niobium oxide barrier layer, a semiconducting cathode and an electrolyte is described, where the niobium oxide barrier comprises a least one metal from the group consisting of Al, Si, Ti, Zr, Mo, W, Y and Ta.

Abstract: The process chemistry during the oxidation of molybdenite concentrates in an oxygen pressure leach can be controlled by regulating the amount of ferric iron and excess sulfuric acid recycled as autoclave discharge slurry or filtrate to the autoclave feed. A computer model capable of predicting the concentration of soluble molybdenum in the autoclave discharge and based on the concentrate and recycle analyses was developed.

Abstract: The allows: Ta—Si, Nb—Si, TaN—Si, NbN—Si and variants are used as enhanced powder anode substrates for electrolytic capacitor anodes (sintered powder masses) with dielectric oxide formation at walls of the internal pores.

Abstract: A nickel hydroxide for rechargeable batteries which is provided with a cobalt hydroxide coating which is stable to oxidation is described. The stability to oxidation is achieved by covering the surface of the cobalt hydroxide layer with anions of weak inorganic oxygen acids.

Abstract: An anode is described that has a niobium-based barrier layer, which includes a niobium metal core, a conducting niobium suboxide layer and a dielectric barrier layer of niobium pentoxide.

Abstract: A process is described for the production of spherical nickel hydroxide by anodic dissolution of a nickel electrode and precipitation of nickel hydroxide in a completely intermixed electrolysis cell, wherein an electrolysis brine is used which has a content of 20 to 50 g/l of chloride ions and 1 to 7 g/l of ammonia with a pH value of 9.5 to 11.5 and a temperature of 45 to 60° C.