Abstract: Online methods of quantitatively and qualitatively monitoring the biofilm and deposition organic and inorganic contaminants in paper processing equipment provided. Spectroscopic methods, and more specifically attenuated total reflectance techniques are disclosed.

Abstract: Inhibitor compounds containing a moiety according to this invention are used to inhibit air oxidation and thermal polymerization of furfural or furfural derivatives. A process is provided for use of the inhibitors in the solvent refining of lubricating oils where furfural is used to extract impurities including polycyclic aromatic and oxygen-containing compounds from the lubricating oils. The process provides for combination of the inhibitor with a continuously recirculating furfural stream in the extraction process.

Abstract: Processes for preparing cellulose products, such as paper products which include substantially simultaneously or sequentially adding at least one aluminum compound and at least one silicate to a cellulose slurry, to a cellulose slurry such as a paper slurry. In particular, the present invention is directed to processes for preparing the cellulose products, such as paper products which include substantially simultaneously or sequentially adding at least one aluminum compound and at least one monovalent silicate or water-soluble metal silicate complex to a cellulose slurry, such as a paper slurry. Compositions containing at least one aluminum compound and at least one water-soluble metal silicate, and cellulose products, such as paper products containing at least one water-soluble metal silicate complex.

Abstract: Method of inhibiting polymerization of alkenyl monomers comprising contacting the alkenyl monomers with: wherein R1 and R2 independently of one another are alkyl, phenyl, aryl, alkoxy, or carboxy groups; and oxygen. Mixture comprising: a) alkenyl monomers with:  wherein R1 and R2 independently of one another are alkyl, phenyl, aryl, alkoxy or carboxy groups; and c) oxygen.

Abstract: A microbial inhibiting composition and method are disclosed. The composition comprises an amount, effective for the intended purpose, of glutaraldehyde and 2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide. The method comprises administering between about 0.1 and 200 parts of this combined treatment (based on one million parts of the desired aqueous system) to the particular water containing system for which treatment is desired.

Abstract: Fine particulate thermoplastic polymers [e.g., hydrophobically modified polyether-polyurethanes, polyacrylates, polyvinyl alcohol, polyether-polyols, polyacrylamide, aminoplast-polyethers and poly(acetal- or ketal-polyethers] having reduced bulk density, process of making same by dissolving the polymer and rapidly insolubilizing the polymer from the solution and process of using aqueous suspensions of such polymers as thickeners for aqueous systems.

Abstract: Method for inhibiting scale deposits in an aqueous system. The method may include at least one of adding and forming anti-scalant in the aqueous system such that an amount of anti-scalant in the aqueous system is up to about 1000 ppm, wherein the anti-scalant comprises at least one of polyvalent metal silicate and polyvalent metal carbonate, wherein the aqueous system has a pH of at least about 9, and wherein a mean particle size of the anti-scalant is less than about 3 microns. The method may also include at least one of adding and forming anti-scalant in the aqueous system such that an amount of anti-scalant in the aqueous system is up to about 1000 ppm, wherein the anti-scalant comprises at least one of polyvalent metal silicate and polyvalent metal carbonate, and wherein the aqueous system has a pH of at least about 9; and adding dispersant to the aqueous system.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining the effect of various agents on the growth of biological material (biofilm), microbially-influenced corrosion and the deposition of organic and inorganic contaminants is disclosed. The method and apparatus allow for the modeling of the growth of biological contaminants and the deposition of organic and inorganic materials on industrial equipment surfaces, such as those used in the pulp and papermaking industry. The device consists of a tray which includes recessed areas for receiving coupons, as well as fluid inlets and fluid outlets for permitting the flow of liquid samples over the coupons. The design and configuration of the apparatus provides a great deal of versatility in testing various biocidal and other agents under select environmental conditions.

Abstract: Aqueous composition, including a water-soluble metal silicate complex which includes at least one divalent metal. A process for preparing an aqueous composition including water-soluble metal silicate complex includes combining monovalent cation silicate and divalent metal ions in an aqueous environment to form the water-soluble metal silicate complex. A process of modifying cellulose slurry includes adding an aqueous composition having water-soluble metal silicate complex which includes divalent metal to cellulose slurry. A process for preparing cellulose slurry includes adding monovalent cation silicate to cellulose slurry comprising a sufficient amount of divalent metal ions to combine with the monovalent cation silicate to form water-soluble metal silicate complex. A process of making cellulose product includes: adding an aqueous composition having water-soluble metal silicate complex including divalent metal to cellulose slurry; and forming cellulose product from the cellulose slurry.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition has a blend of at least first and second components and a medicament in a sufficient amount to be therapeutic where the first component is hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) and the second component is at least one other polymer selected from the group consisting of methylcellulose (MC), ethylhydroxyethylcellulose (EHEC), hydroxyethylmethylcellulose (HEMC), hydrophobically modified hydroxyethylcellulose (HMHEC), hydrophobically modified ethylhydroxyethylcellulose (HMEHEC), carboxymethylhydroxyethylcellulose (CMHEC), carboxymethyl hydrophobically modified hydroxyethylcellulose (CMHMHEC), guar, pectin, carrageenan, agar, algin, gellan gum, acacia, starch and modified starches, co-polymers of carboxyvinyl monomers, co-polymers of acrylate or methacrylate monomers, mono- and co-polymers of oxyethylene and oxypropylene and mixtures thereof and a medicament in a sufficient amount to be therapeutic, with the proviso that low-substituted hydroxypropylcellulose (L-HPC) is excluded from said firs

Abstract: Aqueous compositions having advantageous Theological properties, preferably including any of enhanced yield stress, enhanced viscosity, and/or enhanced water retention, are disclosed. Included are low-viscosity compositions having high yield stress. The present invention also relates to processes for preparing and using the compositions. Compositions of the present invention comprise aqueous compositions of a polymer having a net ionic charge, and a viscosity promoter having an opposite net ionic charge. Compositions may also comprise a moderating agent to prevent precipitation and/or gelation.

Abstract: A paper composition comprising: at least one cationic thermosetting resin comprising the reaction product of (i) at least one polyamide having secondary amine groups made from reactants comprising at least one polyalkylene polyamine, an acid component comprising succinic acid and optionally at least one dicarboxylic acid (other than succinic acid), and (ii) epihalohydrin. The paper is capable of being repulped substantially faster than paper that is substantially the same except that it contains conventional wet strngth resin.

Abstract: Method for inhibiting scale deposits in an aqueous system. The method may include adding anti-scalant to the aqueous system such that an amount of anti-scalant in the aqueous system is up to about 500 ppm, wherein the anti-scalant comprises at least one of polyvalent metal silicate and polyvalent metal carbonate, and wherein the aqueous system has a pH of at least about 9. The method may include adding anti-scalant to the aqueous system such that an amount of anti-scalant in the aqueous system is up to about 500 ppm, wherein the anti-scalant comprises at least one of polyvalent metal silicate and polyvalent metal carbonate, in the presence of up to about 0.4 ppm of cationic polymer. The method may include adding anti-scalant to the aqueous system at at least one of before a pulping digester and at a pulping digester, such that an amount of anti-scalant in the aqueous system is up to about 500 ppm, wherein the anti-scalant comprises at least one of polyvalent metal silicate and polyvalent metal carbonate.

Abstract: Process for the oligomerization of 1-alkenes to internal alkenes and a catalyst therefor. 1-Alkene is combined, in liquid phase and at a temperature of from about 50 to about 200° C., with a catalyst formed by contacting at least one Group VIII transition metal salt with at least one alkylaluminum compound. If the at least one Group VIII transition metal salt includes cobalt and the at least one alkylaluminum compound includes trialkylaluminum compound the process is carried out in the substantial absence of alkoxyaluminum species.

Abstract: wherein R1 is substituted or unsubstituted alkyl; R2 is substituted or unsubstituted alkyl; R3 is substituted or unsubstituted alkyl; Z is halogen selected from F, Cl, Br and I; x is from about 5 to about 45 mole %; and y is from about 55 to about 95 mole % are useful as wet strength resins and creping adhesives. Methods of producing such resins, and the use of such resins in wet strength and creping applications, as well as compositions suitable for such applications, and combinations of cellulosic product and such resins are also disclosed.

Abstract: Novel alkenyl succinic anhydride (ASA) compositions and the use thereof. The disclosed ASA compositions may be derived from maleic anhydride and olefins having desirable carbon chain lengths and double bond distributions. The present ASA compositions provide superior paper sizing properties.

Abstract: Compositions suitable for use as dry strength additives comprising water soluble polyamidoamine/epchlorohydrin resin bearing polyol sidechains wherein the weight fraction of the polyol in the resin is less than 50 percent by weight and the polyol sidechain is attached to the polyamidoamine/epichlorohydrin resin by carbon-nitrogen bond, such as amide bond or secondary or tertiary amine bonds.

Abstract: Method for inhibiting scale deposits in an aqueous system. The method includes at least one of adding and forming anti-scalant in the aqueous system, wherein the anti-scalant comprises at least one of polyvalent metal silicate and polyvalent metal carbonate, and adding copolymer of maleic anhydride and isobutylene. A composition includes at least one of polyvalent metal silicate and polyvalent metal carbonate, copolymer of maleic anhydride and isobutylene, and wherein a weight ratio of the at least one polyvalent metal silicate and polyvalent metal carbonate to the copolymer is from about 50:1 to 1:1.

Abstract: A sizing agent for paper that is a 2-oxetanone ketene multimer which is not solid at 35° C., particularly a multimer mixture in which at least 25 weight percent of the hydrocarbon substituents contain irregularities such as branched alkyl groups or linear or branched alkenyl groups. Paper surface sized with the 2-oxetanone ketene multimer sizing agent and the method of surface sizing paper are also disclosed.

Abstract: Fine paper that is sized with a 2-oxetanone alkaline sizing agent and that does not encounter machine feed problems in high speed converting or reprographic machines, including continuous forms bond paper and adding machine paper, processes for converting the paper into envelopes, continuous forms bond paper and adding machine paper, and paper products of the processes.