Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for growing III-V compound semiconductors on silicon-on-insulators. Starting from {111}-oriented Si seed surfaces between a buried oxide layer and a patterned mask layer, the III-V compound semiconductor is grown within lateral trenches by metal organic chemical vapor deposition such that the non-defective portion of the III-V compound semiconductor formed on the buried oxide layer is substantially free of crystalline defects and has high crystalline quality.

Abstract: A gas sensor array comprises a plurality of metal decorated metal oxide film based on three-dimensional nanostructured templates, each including a porous anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) template and a plurality of metal decorated metal oxide films. The porous AAO substrate has a top surface with top gold electrodes, a bottom surface with bottom gold electrodes and a plurality of pores. Each pore has an interior wall and two openings located on the top surface and the bottom surface respectively for allowing air to enter into the pore. Each metal-decorated metal oxide film comprises a metal oxide film and metal decoration particles. The metal oxide film has an internal surface attaching on a respective interior wall and an external surf-ace being decorated with the metal particles. Each decoration metal is different to provide different sensitivities in response to an environmental gas.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods, kits, and devices related to genetic variations of neurological disorders. For example, methods, kits, and devices for using such genetic variations to assess susceptibility of developing Alzheimer's disease.

Abstract: A method for preparing optical fibers formed with high-particle-coated porous polymeric outer coating layer is provided. The method includes preparing a coating suspension solution by dispersing a plurality of particles into an organic solvent system, immersing one or more optical fibers into the coating suspension solution, removing the one or more optical fibers from the coating suspension solution to form high-particle-coated porous polymeric outer coating layer after drying. Concentrations and compositions of the particles in the coating suspension solution, concentrations and compositions of the organic solvent system, the period of time of immersing, or the external environment are adjusted such that the optical fibers is formed with high-particle-coated polymeric outer coating layers having desirable coating masses, coating thicknesses, or coating morphologies.

Abstract: Graphene oxide aerogel beads (GOABs) are formed that have a core/shell structure where a smooth shell covers a multi-layer core. The smooth shell and the layers of the multilayer core comprise graphene oxide or reduced graphene oxide. The GOABs can include a phase-change material encapsulated within the multi-layer core. The GOABs can be combined or decorated with Fe3O4 nanoparticles or MoS2 microflakes for various applications. The GOABs are formed from aqueous slurries of graphene oxide that is extruded as drops into an aqueous solution of a coagulant where GOABs are formed. The GOABs are washed and freeze dried, after which, the GOABs can be reduced as desired by chemical or thermal means. Impregnation can be carried out with the phase-change material.

Abstract: A method for treating cancer by using an agent which is capable of inhibiting the functionality of the MCM complex, a heterohexameric ring formed from six subunits, in the process of DNA replication and a method of screening for such agents by detecting the locations and functions of the MCM subunits, such as hMcm2 and hMcm6, in cells treated with candidate compounds.

Abstract: A shadow mask for patterned vapor deposition of an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) material includes a ceramic membrane under tensile stress with a plurality of through-apertures forming an aperture array through which a vaporized deposition material can pass. A multilayer peripheral support is attached to a rear surface with a hollow portion beneath the aperture array. A compressively-stressed interlayer balances the tensile stress of the ceramic membrane. A shadow mask module with multiple shadow masks is also provided and includes a rigid carrier having plural windows with a shadow mask positioned in each window. To make the module, shadow mask blanks are affixed to each carrier window followed by etching of apertures and support layers. In this way extremely flat masks with precise aperture patterns are formed.

Abstract: A VSR approach with temporal consistency using generative adversarial networks (VistGAN) that requires only the training HR video sequence to generate the HR/LR video frame pairs, instead of the pre-artificial-synthesized HR/LR video frame pairs, for training. By this unsupervised learning method, the encoder degrades the input HR video frames of a training HR video sequence to their LR counterparts, and the decoder seeks to recover the original HR video frames from the LR video frames. To improve the temporal consistency the unsupervised learning method provides a sliding window that explores the temporal correlation in both HR and LR domains. It keeps the temporal consistent and also fully utilizes high-frequency details from the last-generated reconstructed HR video frame.

Abstract: Provided herein are aggregation-induced emission luminogens, methods of preparation and use thereof, and devices and sensors comprising the same. The aggregation-induced emission luminogens can exhibit multi-stimuli responsive emissions.

Abstract: An ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) membrane has at least one nanoporous UHMWPE film, where each of the nanoporous UHMWPE film is biaxial oriented with a thickness of 0.1 to 12 ?m and pores that exclude particles in excess of 10 nm with a total porosity of 65 to 75 percent. The nanoporous UHMWPE film can be coated or laminated by a hydrophilic polymer to form a Janus membrane and can be made with a multilayer composite structure. The UHMWPE membrane can be used in a device for molecular distillation (MD), reverse osmosis (RO), or forward osmosis (FO).

Abstract: Frameworks and methods for generating early-warning indicators of impending nonlinear instabilities of a dynamical system are provided. In accordance with one aspect, the framework includes a data collector and a system identification (SI) modeler. The data collector is coupled to the dynamical system and collects pre-bifurcation data. The SI modeler predicts early-warning indicators of impending nonlinear instabilities using only the pre-bifurcation data and the SI modeler includes a means for extrapolating Fokker-Planck coefficients in response to the pre-bifurcation data to generate precursors to a Hopf bifurcation and/or to identify a type of the Hopf bifurcation and/or to forecast the limit-cycle oscillation (LCO) amplitudes of a post-bifurcation regime. In addition, the SI modeler predicts the locations of the Hopf bifurcation points, the type of the Hopf bifurcation and the LCO amplitudes of the post-bifurcation regime.

Abstract: Provided herein are small molecular acceptor compounds containing thiophene end groups, methods for their preparation and intermediates used therein, the use of formulations containing the same as semiconductors in organic electronic devices, especially in organic photovoltaic and organic field-effect transistor devices, and to organic electronic and organic photovoltaic devices made from these formulations.

Abstract: An architecture is provided for cooperative target tracking and signal propagation learning using mobile sensors. A method can comprise as a function of sensing data representative of a location of a target device at a first defined moment and model data relating to a motion model representing a probability density function, determining, by a system comprising a processor, a group of locations for the target device at a second defined time point, wherein the probability density function facilitates determining, based on the location of the target device at the first defined moment, a current location of the target device at a third defined moment; and as a function of the group of locations, generating, by the system, a data structure representing a matrix of received signal strength values; and identifying, by the system, a location of the group of locations for the target device at the third defined moment based on the data structure.

Abstract: Aspects describe a nanotube array gas sensor, and methods to manufacture and use the same. In one example, the nanotube array gas sensor comprises an insulator template including an array of parallel aligned, open-ended nanotubes; a sensing material deposited on at least interior surfaces of the nanotubes; and catalyst nanoparticles distributed on the sensing material. An electronic controller activates electrodes made of different conductor materials in order to obtain multiple measurements of electrical resistance across the insulator template. The electrical resistance measurements can be compared to electrical resistance profiles in order to determine types and concentrations of gases in the nanotube array gas sensor.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method of manufacturing a polyethylene membrane comprising: stretching a polyethylene film in a first direction during a first stretching; attaching a plurality of rods on side edges of the polyethylene film; attaching a tape on the polyethylene film; stretching the polyethylene film having the rods attached thereto in a second direction during a second stretching; and annealing the polyethylene film after the second stretching. The second direction can be a transverse direction of the first direction, and the first stretching and the second stretching can be performed at the same (or higher) temperature and the same stretching speed as each other.

Abstract: Microfluidic devices to efficiently remove particulate matter (PM) in air are provided, as are methods of fabricating and using the same. A device can include a channel having a structure configured to generate chaotic advective flow in air within the channel. The channel structure can include a plurality of SHMs disposed within the channel, where each SHM comprises a plurality of grooves each having a width of 200 ?m or less and a spacing between each groove of 200 ?m or less. The plurality of SHMs can be configured to introduce microvortices in air flow within the channel.

Abstract: Methods of synthesizing few-layer two-dimensional (2D) Sb2S3 nanosheets using scalable chemical exfoliation are provided. The 2D Sb2S3 nanosheets can be developed as bi-functional anode materials in both lithium ion batteries and sodium ion batteries. The unique structural and functional features brought by 2D Sb2S3 nanosheets can offer short electron/ion diffusion paths and abundant active sites for surface redox reactions.

Abstract: Aspects describe gas sensitive field effect transistor (FET) structures, a gas sensitive FET array including the disclosed gas sensitive FET structures, and methods of manufacturing and using the same. In one example, a gas sensitive FET structure can include a body comprising a substrate layer, an intermediate layer over the substrate layer, and a passivation layer over the intermediate layer. Primary terminals disposed within the body can include at least one source terminal, at least one drain terminal and at least one gate terminal. A floating gate disposed within the body can comprise metal at a top surface of the intermediate layer. The passivation layer can be etched over the floating gate, and the floating gate can be electrically coupled to the gate terminal of the primary terminals. A sensing material layer can be positioned over the floating gate. A reset element can be included for resetting the floating gate.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for detecting the mechanical response of a mechanical component by an organic mechanoresponsive fluorescent material, comprising the following steps of: selecting an organic mechanoresponsive fluorescent material; preparing an organic mechanoresponsive fluorescent material solution; forming a film on a metal surface; calibrating fluorescence intensity and obtaining the fluorescence intensity and distribution in a crack tip area; observing the fluorescence signal generated at cracks to monitor the occurrence of fatigue cracks, and predict a propagation pathway of fatigue cracks by using the fluorescence intensity distribution in the crack tip area.

Abstract: Methods and devices for a spintronic device of spin-orbit torque magnetic random access memory (SOT-MRAM) are provided. A unit cell of a device can comprise a ferromagnetic (or ferrimagnetic or antiferromagnetic) layer on the heavy metal layer, and a current source configured to transmit either non-collinear current pulses in the heavy-metal layer or two perpendicular currents in the heavy metal layer. The current pulses exhibit a phase difference, and the magnitude of a sum of the respective current pulses is constant (in its simplest form) and the flow direction of the pulses is time-dependent.