Abstract: An application independent, in-kernel cache is implemented. In-kernel caches provide applications with commonly used data quickly and efficiently. Methods and instruments for storing content, cache objects, are implemented leveraging operating system supplied mechanisms. Every operating system has one or more specific means of in-kernel storage usable by kernel extensions. A system that acquires storage for the cache objects is implemented. Techniques for allowing multiple varying sources of data are defined. Multiple data sources may provide application specific and/or application independent data using various protocols. The aforementioned cache object storage mechanisms are independent of the source of the data and vise versa. Techniques for fast lookup and management of cache objects are defined. Mechanisms for moving the data from the data source into the cache object storage mechanism are implemented.

Abstract: A system for indicating a past state of an apparatus through the use of a remote device by indicating the state with the remote device whether or not the remote device is still within communications range of the apparatus. In one embodiment, an indication can be made as to whether or not a vehicle door has been locked by providing such an indication at a remote keyless entry key remote control.

Abstract: A DRAM array is provided capable of being interchanged between single-cell and twin-cell array operation for storing data in a single-cell or a twin-cell array format, respectively. Preferably, the DRAM array is operated in the single-cell array format during one operating mode and the DRAM array is operated in the twin-cell array format during another operating mode. Wordline decoding circuitry is included for interchanging the DRAM array between single-cell and twin-cell array operation. The wordline decoding circuitry includes a pre-decoder circuit for receiving a control signal and outputting logic outputs to wordline activation circuitry. The wordline activation circuitry then activates at least one wordline traversing the array for interchanging memory cells within the DRAM array between single-cell array operation and twin-cell array operation. Methods are also provided for converting data stored within the DRAM array from the single-cell to the twin-cell array format, and vice versa.

Abstract: A T-RAM array having a planar cell structure is presented. The T-RAM array includes n-MOS and p-MOS support devices which are fabricated by sharing process implant steps with T-RAM cells of the T-RAM array. A method is also presented for fabricating the T-RAM array having the planar cell structure. The method entails simultaneously fabricating a first portion of a T-RAM cell and the n-MOS support device; simultaneously fabricating a second portion of the T-RAM cell and the p-MOS support device; and finishing the fabrication of the T-RAM cell by interconnecting the T-RAM cell with the p-MOS and n-MOS support devices. The first portion of the T-RAM cell is a transfer gate and the second portion of the T-RAM cell is a gated-lateral thyristor storage element. Accordingly, process steps in fabricating the T-RAM cells are shared with process steps in fabricating the n-MOS and p-MOS support devices. The n-MOS and p-MOS support devices refer to sense amplifiers, wordline drivers, column and row decoders, etc.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and computer instructions for managing threads. A kernel thread associated with a user thread is detected as being unneeded by the user thread. The kernel thread is semi-detached in which data for the thread does not change stacks in response to the kernel thread being unneeded.

Abstract: A method, system, apparatus, and computer program product are presented for providing a user with the ability to limit the receipt of unwanted email messages. An encoded email identifier is generated by combining the user's local mailbox identifier along with encoded email acceptance parameter values that represent email acceptance criteria. The encoded email identifier is then used as the local-part portion of an email address in place of the user's local mailbox identifier. After receiving an incoming email message in which the encoded email identifier is a portion of the destination address of the incoming email message, an email server delivers the email message in accordance with the local mailbox identifier that is embedded in the encoded email identifier in response to a determination that one or more characteristics of the email message satisfy one or more email acceptance criteria that are encoded within the encoded email identifier.

Abstract: A speech encoder including a pitch detector operative to determine the pitch frequency of a speech segment, a spectral estimator operative to estimate the complex spectrum of the speech segment at the pitch frequency, an envelope encoder operative to calculate the amplitude of the complex spectrum, a phase aligner operative to remove a phase term which is linear in frequency from each of a plurality of complex values of the complex spectrum, and calculate a series of division products of each of the plurality of complex values by the square root of the absolute value of each of the complex values, where the series has a minimum total variation, thereby resulting in an aligned phase &thgr;k. and a phase encoder operative to encode the phase information.

Abstract: An article of manufacture including an organic structure and inorganic atoms bonded to specific locations on the organic structure.

Abstract: A system, method, and computer program product are disclosed for registering with a service provided by a processing node. A process definition is generated. The process definition includes a particular sequence of selected services that are provided by processing nodes. The process definition is then graphically depicted to a user. A graphical selection of any one of the processing nodes is permitted utilizing the graphical depiction. In response to a receipt of a selection of one of the processing nodes, a registration form is providing by the processing node. Registration information is then received by the processing node through the registration form. Thus, registration is completed directly with the processing node.

Abstract: A user interface, and associated techniques, that permit a fast and efficient way of correcting speech recognition errors, or of diminishing their impact. The user may correct mistakes in a natural way, essentially by repeating the information that was incorrectly recognized previously. Such a mechanism closely approximates what human-to-human dialogue would be in similar circumstances. Such a system fully takes advantage of all the information provided by the user, and on its own estimates the quality of the recognition in order to determine the correct sequence of words in the fewest number of steps.

Abstract: Methods and arrangements for collecting tracing data from a plurality of threads of a program. A storage buffer is provided, a first number of units of tracing data for a first thread of the program is determined, and a second number of units of tracing data for a second thread of the program is determined. In the storage buffer, a first block of storage space is reserved for storing the first number of units of tracing data and a second block of storage space is reserved for storing the second number of units of tracing data. Tracing data are thence written concurrently into the first and blocks.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display cell having liquid crystal molecules positioned in a vertical or a substantially vertical alignment is provided. The liquid crystal display cell includes at least two substantially homogeneous fluorinated alignment layers disposed on transparent electrodes; a liquid crystal layer of liquid crystal molecules disposed between the alignment layers; and, a means of applying voltage across the transparent electrodes. Methods for forming these liquid crystal display cells are also provided.

Abstract: An SRAM system is provided having an array of SRAM cells including at least one circuit receiving a first power voltage and a power control circuit for supplying a second power voltage to at least one selected circuit of the at least one circuit. The system is one of a memory array and a logic system, and a circuit of the at least one circuit is one of a memory cell of the memory array, a sense amplifier of the memory array and a path of the logic system. A method is also provided for providing a power supply voltage to at least one circuit of a system.

Abstract: A compiler includes a register allocator for allocating registers for instructions in a program to be compiled, and a code generator for generating object code based on the register allocation results performed by the register allocator. The register allocator allocates logical registers for instructions in the program to be compiled. Register allocation further allocates, to physical registers, the logical registers that are allocated to the instructions of the program, so that the physical registers that are live at a procedure call in the program to be compiled are allocated from the bottom of the register stack.

Abstract: A method, system, and product are disclosed for automatically generating a symbol-based debug script, which is executable by a debug program, for debugging a software program. Function symbols included in the software program are identified. The functions represented by the function symbols may be executed during an execution of the software program. A debug script is then automatically generated which, when executed by a debug program, will record each one of the functions symbols which represent a function called by the software program during execution of the software program by the debug program.

Abstract: Method and system aspects for authenticated communication of messages among computer systems in an insecure network are described. These aspects include building a first signed object message in a first computer system, the first signed object message including a first sequence number, a first object and a first signature. Further included is sending the first signed object message to a second computer system, verifying the first signed object message in the second computer system, and building a second signed object message in the second computer system for replying to the first computer system when the first signed object message is verified, the second signed object message including a second sequence number, a second object, and a second signature.

Abstract: A system is provided having a plurality of sensors for affixing to a person's torso, hands, feet, head, etc. The function of each sensor is to determine the distance between itself and the other sensors to ascertain the distance between the hands and feet, for instance, in order to measure the relative activity of a person's hands and feet. Other sensors, placed on the individual or in the individual's environment, may obtain biological data relating to the person, such as heart pulse, blood pressure, or data relating to the individual's attention level, i.e., gaze data. The system further includes a processor having a memory for storing data collected from the sensors. The data collected by the sensors and stored in the memory provide at least information about different types of movements associated with a particular set of tasks.

Abstract: A testing arrangement provided for speech recognition systems in vehicles. Preferably included are a “mobile client” secured in the vehicle and driven around at a desired speed, an audio system and speaker which plays back a set of prerecorded utterances stored digitally in a computer arrangement such that the speech of a human being is simulated, transmission of the speech signal to a server, followed by speech recognition and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) computation. Here, the acceptability of the vehicular speech recognition system is preferably determined via comparison with pre-specified standards of recognition accuracy and SNR values.

Abstract: A system and method for providing transformed web pages to users with special needs is presented. In one aspect of the system and method, a Translator/Mediator Server is located between the user and the web site. The Translator/Mediator Server translates and transforms the web pages that the user requests from the web site. The translation and transformation of the web pages is directed towards the particular needs of the user.

Abstract: A system, method, and computer program product for automatically determining in a computationally efficient manner which objects in a collection best match specified target attribute criteria. The preferred embodiment of the invention enables interruption of such an automated determination at any time and provides a measure of how closely the results achieved up to the interruption point match the criteria. An alternate embodiment combines sequential and random data access to minimize the overall computational cost of the determination.