Abstract: Provided is a treating apparatus including an ion generating apparatus configured to inject ionized elements into a diagnosis subject to remove a tumor in the diagnosis subject, and an image photographing apparatus configured to measure positions of the ionized elements in the diagnosis subject. The ion generating apparatus includes a target including a first element and a first isotope that is a radioactive isotope of the first element, and a laser configured to allow a laser beam to be incident on the target and thus ionize the first element and the first isotope.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein are related to methods for processing substrates such as silicon substrates. In some cases, the method may provide the ability to passivate a silicon surface at relatively low temperatures and/or in the absence of a solvent. Methods described herein may be useful in the fabrication of a wide range of devices, including electronic devices such as photovoltaic devices, solar cells, organic light-emitting diodes, sensors, and the like.

Abstract: Described herein are compounds, compositions, and methods of their use for the treatment of cystic fibrosis.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus and a method for diagnosing lesions. More specifically, the present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for diagnosing lesions capable of precisely diagnosing lesions such as breast cancer by digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT). The present invention enables the improvement of lesion diagnosis accuracy and early diagnosis rates.

Abstract: An exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system and corresponding method for improved combustion efficiency of an internal combustion engine having a number of cylinders, comprising one or more main cylinders connected to an intake manifold and one or more cylinders operable as a dedicated EGR cylinder(s). The dedicated EGR cylinder(s) have two independent intake flow paths for where one flow path provides only intake air and one flow path provides air and recirculated exhaust gas. The exhaust gas output of the one or more dedicated EGR cylinders are connected to an exhaust gas recirculation loop which delivers the exhaust gas output to the main cylinder intake manifold.

Abstract: Disclosed is an edge-functionalized graphitic material manufactured by using a mechanochemical process. The edge-functionalized graphitic material is manufactured by pulverizing graphite in the presence of a variety of atmospheric agents in the form of gas phase, liquid phase, or solid phase. The edge-functionalized graphitic material, which is a precursor applicable into various fields, is expected to replace the prior art oxidized graphite.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for producing reconstituted human skin and/or hair follicles in situ are provided. The method for producing the skin is unique in that tissue culture expanded cells including multipotent cells such as neonatal cells as well as cultured epidermal and dermal cells are immediately placed on a substrate such as a membrane and then the membrane with adherent cells is placed on a skin wound. Examples demonstrate formation of hair follicles in situ.

Abstract: A combined desulfuration, denitration, and demercuration apparatus and method using a semi-dry process in a circulating fluidized bed. The apparatus comprises a flue (2) and a circulating fluidized bed reaction column (8) connected in sequence, the flue (2) being connected to a bottom inlet of the circulating fluidized bed reaction column (8). The flue (2) is further connected to an ozone generation apparatus (1). The ozone distributor (1) feeds ozone in the flue (2) and sends oxidized flue gas into the circulating fluidized bed reaction column (8), so that the SO2, high-valence NOx, and Hg2+ contained in the flue gas are removed through reactions with a Ca-based absorbent under the effect of atomized water in the reaction column (8).

Abstract: Provided is a method for efficiently producing alkoxysilanes that are useful as various functional chemicals. In order to produce alkoxysilanes efficiently, an ethoxy- or methoxysilane and an alcohol are caused to react using, as a catalyst, for instance an inorganic solid acid having a regular-pore and/or layered structure. Zeolites, montmorillonites or the like can be used as the inorganic solid acid. When a zeolite is used as the catalyst, the silica/alumina ratio of the zeolite ranges preferably from 5 to 1000. The reaction can be promoted through irradiation of microwaves.

Abstract: The present invention provides nucleic acid constructs that encode fusion peptides comprising a bioluminescent protein and a precursor of a secreted peptide or protein expressed at the cell surface and high throughput screening assays using same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for external application for improving a skin disease (e.g. psoriasis). The composition contains adenosylcobalamin (coenzyme B12), optionally in admixture with other cobalamins. The composition can be present in the form of liposomal preparations, which are made of a phospholipid and cholesterol.

Abstract: A new 3D stencil mask guides deposition of a shaped structure, typically an electromagnetic device component, onto a non-planar surface. The 3D stencil mask includes islands and bridges from prior art two-dimensional lettering stencils, but raises the islands and stencils above the side of the 3D stencil mask facing a non-planar surface, forming undercuts, so that material particles, such as from vacuum metal deposition, will form connected shapes. The 3D stencil mask is also configures so that the dimensions of the resulting electromagnetic structures are altered from a simple projected image of a structure designed for a planar surface so that the electromagnetic properties of the deposited structure are more nearly the same as those of a corresponding structure on a planar surface.

Abstract: A composition comprising a purified extract isolated from Pseudolysimachion rotundum var. subintegrum containing abundant amount of active ingredient or the compounds isolated therefrom as an active ingredient for treating a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and the use thereof. Inventive purified extract and compounds showed potent anti-COPD activity without beta-2-receptor agonistic response through various in vivo tests as well as in vitro test. Therefore, it can be used as the therapeutics or functional health food for treating and preventing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Abstract: An optical detector for detecting radio frequency (RF) signals, the optical detector comprising a light source and a photodetector, and an electrical circuit comprising a position dependent capacitor and a bias voltage source adapted for providing a bias voltage for biasing the position dependent capacitor, the position dependent capacitor comprising an electrode and a membrane being displaceable in reaction to RF signals incident on the membrane, the membrane being metallized, has a thickness of less than 1 ?m and a quality factor, Qm, of at least 20,000, and the distance between the membrane and the electrode being less than 10 ?m.

Abstract: In the present invention, data generated from a source unit are distributed to at least one bandwidth; the data distributed to the respective bandwidths are encoded in order to perform an error correction; the encoded data are distributed to at least one antenna; a subcarrier is allocated to the data distributed to the respective antennas, and an inverse Fourier transform is performed; a short preamble and a first long preamble corresponding to the subcarrier are generated; a signal symbol is generated according to a data transmit mode; and a frame is generated by adding a second long preamble between the signal symbol and a data field for the purpose of estimating a channel of a subcarrier which is not used.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention relates to a feed apparatus, a current collector, and a power transfer apparatus of the magnetic induction type, considering lateral deviation.

Abstract: An electrode array for analyzing electrical characteristics of a cell spheroid has a substrate, a groove formed concavely on a top surface of the substrate to receive at least a portion of the cell spheroid, and a plurality of electrodes formed in the substrate, coming into contact with the cell spheroid, and configured to apply or collect electrical signals. Front ends of the plurality of electrodes extend to the groove to form a holding part for holding the cell spheroid, and the cell spheroid is held in the holding part and comes into contact with the plurality of electrodes simultaneously.

Abstract: The invention provides modulators of the nociceptin receptor (NOP), including both agonists and antagonists. A compound of the invention can be a selective modulator of NOP with respect to the ?- and ?-opioid receptors (MOP and KOP), thus providing a therapeutic method for the treatment of conditions wherein selective NOP modulation is medically indicated and MOP or KOP modulation may be less desirable. A compound of the invention can be a NOP full agonist, partial agonist, inverse agonist, positive or negative allosteric modulator, or a functionally biased agonist. A compound of the invention can be used for the treatment of an anxiety state, post-traumatic stress disorder, addictive disorders (including overuse of alcohol, tobacco, and drugs of abuse such as cocaine, amphetamines, and opitates), misregulated food intake and/or energy expenditure, cough, sleep disorders, migraine, pain, depression, or neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinsons disease or Alzheimers disease.

Abstract: A method and system for strain-based estimation of the state of health of a battery, from an initial state to an aged state, is provided. A strain gauge is applied to the battery. A first strain measurement is performed on the battery, using the strain gauge, at a selected charge capacity of the battery and at the initial state of the battery. A second strain measurement is performed on the battery, using the strain gauge, at the selected charge capacity of the battery and at the aged state of the battery. The capacity degradation of the battery is estimated as the difference between the first and second strain measurements divided by the first strain measurement.

Abstract: Provided are methods of diagnosing IgA nephropathy in a subject. Optionally, the methods comprise isolating an IgG from the subject and determining whether the IgG binds to a galactose-deficient IgA1. Optionally, the methods comprise providing a biological sample from the subject and detecting in the sample a mutation in a IGH gene, wherein the mutation is in a nucleotide sequence encoding a complementarity determining region 3 (CDR3) of a IGH variable region. Optionally, the methods comprise determining a level of IgG specific for a galactose-deficient IgA1 in the subject. Also provided are methods of treating or reducing the risk of developing IgA nephropathy in a subject.