Abstract: Disclosed are a substrate for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy allowing surface-enhanced Raman signals to be notably improved, even in cases of long-term storage, by producing the substrate so that metal nanoparticles thereon are distanced several nanometers apart, and a method for producing the substrate for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy at a large scale with simple equipment and at a low production cost.

Abstract: Efficiency of communication to a root device is improved. A broadcast hello packet including a hierarchical number is received; the hello packets of one or more devices are collected and an own-device-hierarchical-number is set to a value by adding one to the smallest number of the hierarchical numbers; each device having a hierarchical number smaller than the own-device-hierarchical-number by one is retained as a parent device; each device having the same hierarchical number as the own-device-hierarchical-number is retained as a sibling device; each device having a hierarchical number larger than the own-device-hierarchical-number by one or more is retained as a child device; an indication of the retaining as the parent device, as the sibling device, and as the child device are each transmitted so as to reach the parent device, the sibling device, and the child device; and a hello packet including the own-device hierarchical number is broadcast.

Abstract: An optical modulation device includes a plasmonic nano-antenna layer, a metal layer that faces the plasmonic nano-antenna layer, and a permittivity variation layer and a dielectric material layer between the plasmonic nano-antenna layer and the metal layer. An active area formed in the permittivity variation layer according to an external signal may function as a gate that controls optical modulation performance.

Abstract: Disclosed is a manganese tin oxide-based transparent conducting oxide (TCO) with an optimized composition, which has low surface roughness, low sheet resistance and high transmittance even when deposited at room temperature, a multilayer transparent conductive film using the same and a method for fabricating the same. The manganese tin oxide-based transparent conducting oxide has a composition of MnxSn1-xO (0<x?0.055), and the multilayer transparent conductive film includes: a manganese tin oxide-based transparent conducting oxide having a composition of MnxSn1-xO (0<x?0.055); a metal thin film deposited on the manganese tin oxide-based transparent conducting oxide; and a manganese tin oxide-based transparent conducting oxide having a composition of MnxSn1-x(0<x?0.055) deposited on the metal thin film.

Abstract: An electrode for use in an input device is formed on a transparent substrate. The electrode has a laminated structure including a first layer, a second layer and a third layer on one surface of the transparent substrate, in this order from the farthest side from the surface. The first layer includes a transparent conductive film. The second layer includes one or more members of a nitride of Mo and a nitride of an Mo alloy. The third layer includes a metal film having a reflectance of 40% or higher and a transmittance of 10% or less.

Abstract: Disclosed are a railway vehicle braking system and method. The railway vehicle braking system includes a braking command generating unit generating a braking command to stop a railway vehicle, a comparison unit determining whether the braking command has been changed, a delay unit delaying and outputting the braking command depending upon a determination result from the comparison unit, and a digital-to-analog converter converting the braking command, which has been delayed by the delay unit, into an analog signal and inputting the analog signal to an actuator.

Abstract: The present invention pertains generally to the field of therapeutic compounds. More specifically the present invention pertains to certain 3-aryl-5-substituted-2/-/-isoquinolin-1-one compounds that, inter alia, inhibit PARP (e.g., PARP1, TNKS1, TNKS2, etc.) and/or Wnt signalling. The present invention also pertains to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds, and the use of such compounds and compositions, both in vitro and in vivo, to inhibit PARP (e.g., PARP1, TNKS1, TNKS2, etc.); to inhibit Wnt signalling; to treat disorders that are ameliorated by the inhibition of PARP (e.g., PARP1, TNKS1, TNKS2, etc.); to treat disorders that are ameliorated by the inhibition of Wnt signalling; to treat proliferative conditions such as cancer, etc.

Abstract: Methods for evaluating and treating Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia are provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a diffusion sheet, a method for manufacturing the same, and a backlight unit using the same for a liquid crystal display. The diffusion sheet of the present invention is configured to have at least two or more fibrous layers alternately embedded within a matrix, and arranged at the combination of at least two or more angles of 0°, 90° and ±? between successive layers, each fibrous layer having fibers arranged in parallel to each other in one direction, so that the diffusion sheet promotes two-dimensional diffusion distributions, thus uniformly diffusing the light irrespective of the initial angle and direction, to a method for manufacturing a diffusion sheet wherein a matrix component and a fibrous layer component are simultaneously extruded to allow fibrous layers to be arranged in situ in a matrix, the present invention has the benefit of simultaneously shortening the process and thinning the thickness.

Abstract: The devices can be fabricated by a method that permits active polymer chains to be polymerized on the surface of an electrode such that the active polymer chains are aligned with one another. The active polymer chains can also be covalently linked to a second electrode so the active polymer chains are located in an active layer of the device. The polymerization method can be paused and resumed at any point in the polymerization so nanoparticles can be added into the active layer. Additionally, the polymerization method allows that active polymer chains to be polymerized so they include junctions such as p-n junctions and Schottky junctions.

Abstract: A driving system for a multi-energy power supply motor comprises a distributed power supply, a frequency converter, a public power grid, and a motor load. The distributed power supply is connected to a direct-current bus of the frequency converter, and is used for acquiring and transmitting a direct current to the frequency converter. The frequency converter comprises a first bidirectional current transformer, an inverter, and a direct-current bus. The first bidirectional current transformer is connected to the inverter through the direct-current bus. The first bidirectional current transformer is connected to the public power grid. The inverter is connected to the motor load. The distributed power supply, the public power grid and the motor load are separately connected to the frequency converter.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for catalyzing the conversion of an olefin to a compound containing one or more aziridine functional groups using heme enzymes. In certain aspects, the present invention provides a reaction mixture for producing an aziridination product, the reaction mixture comprising of an olefinic substrate, a nitrene precursor, and a heme enzyme. In other certain aspects, the present invention provides a method for producing an aziridination product comprising providing an olefinic substrate, a nitrene precursor, and a heme enzyme; and admixing the components in a reaction for a time sufficient to produce an aziridine product. In other aspects, the present invention provides heme enzymes including variants and fragments thereof that are capable of carrying out in vivo and in vitro olefin aziridination reactions. Expression vectors and host cells expressing the heme enzymes are also provided by the present invention.

Abstract: An SMS-based human/computer interface that may be applied to a wide variety of tasks. The interface allows a human user to interact with a computer system using SMS messages. The user sends messages to the computer system and receives messages from the computer system in a format that would normally be used for interacting with a human acquaintance. The computer system includes a natural language processor with an associated lexicon of conventional language (such as English words) and SMS-unique language. The language processor determines the user's meaning and the system then generates responses that are appropriate within the present context The computer system includes the ability to bring in a human operator when conditions warrant such an intervention.

Abstract: The invention encompasses methods of treating a patient with cancer, such as glioblastoma. The methods may include the administration of one or more pharmaceutical compositions that are capable of inhibiting TROY to treat the patient with cancer.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions featuring TRP-4 polypeptides and polynucleotides, methods for expressing such polypeptides and polynucleotides in a cell type of interest, and methods for inducing the activation of the TRP-4 polypeptide in neurons and other cell types using ultrasound.

Abstract: A brake disc of the present invention is a brake disc that stops the rotation of an axle when a brake pad is pressed on a surface of the brake disc, including a disc main body that is attached to a rotary body integrally rotating with the axle; and a plurality of build-up layers laminated on a surface of the disc main body, in which the build-up layers are laminated on the surface of the disc main body by means of laser metal deposition welding.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a system and method for evaluating the performance of infrastructure, in which a condition rating according to a result of a survey targeting experts is expressed as a sequentially distributed probability distribution function using a fuzzy membership function and a comprehensive performance measure score is more accurately expressed as a probability distribution function, thereby accurately evaluating a comprehensive performance measure rating. Also, a utility value is derived using a utility function and usable and functional evaluation measures for each facility of the infrastructure are collected, thereby comprehensively determining subjective performance evaluation measures of the infrastructure.

Abstract: Disclosed are constructions of WOM codes that combine rewriting and error correction for mitigating the reliability and the endurance problems typically experienced with flash memory. A rewriting model is considered that is of practical interest to flash memory applications where only the second write uses WOM codes. The disclosed WOM code construction is based on binary erasure quantization with LDGM codes, where the rewriting uses message passing and has potential to share the efficient hardware implementations with LDPC codes in practice. The coding scheme achieves the capacity of the rewriting model.

Abstract: Compositions, methods, and kits are provided which involve novel fusion protein-based adhesives for use in medical and marine applications. In some aspects, the novel fusion proteins comprise an adhesive domain (e.g., derived from an adhesive protein of a marine organism) and an amyloid domain (e.g., derived from a bacterial amyloid protein). Also provided are copolymers and fibers of the fusion proteins.

Abstract: Provided are a semiconductor device and a method of fabricating the same. The semiconductor device includes: an active region provided on a substrate; an inlet channel formed as a single cavity buried in one side of the substrate; an outlet channel formed as a single cavity buried in the other side of the substrate; a micro channel array comprising a plurality of micro channels, wherein the plurality of micro channels are formed as a plurality of cavities buried in the substrate, and one end of the micro channel array is connected to a side of the inlet channel and the other end of the micro channel array is connected to a side of the outlet channel; and a micro heat sink array separating the micro channels from one another.