Abstract: A method of treating untreated low calorific coal containing moisture and organic volatiles includes feeding untreated coal to a dryer, and drying the coal. The dried coal is subjected to a pyrolyzing step where oxygen-deficient gases are brought into contact with the coal, thereby lowering the volatile content of the coal and producing a stream of pyrolysis effluent gases. The pyrolysis effluent gases are subjected to a separation process to separate lean fuel gases from liquids and tars, wherein the separation process removes less than about 20 percent of the pyrolysis effluent gases as the liquids and tars, with the remainder being the lean fuel gases. The lean fuel gases are returned to the dryer combustor, the pyrolyzer combustor, or the pyrolyzer.

Abstract: Provided are a single-stranded nucleic acid aptamer specifically binding to E. coli and a method for detecting E. coli using the same. The method, kits or sensors of the present disclosure enable E. coli to be specifically detected among microorganisms existing in a water system, but also be applied in fields such as food sanitation or medical diagnosis.

Abstract: Organic dyes and photoelectric conversion devices are provided. The Organic dye has the structure represented by formula (I), wherein, n is an integral of 2-11; the plurality of X is independent and elected from the group consisting of and combinations thereof; R, R1, and R2 comprise hydrogen, halogen, C1-18 alkyl group, C1-18 alkoxy group, C3-18 heteroalkyl group, C3-20 aryl group, C3-20 heteroaryl group, C3-20 cycloaliphatic group or C3-20 cycloalkyl group, or R1 is connected to R2 to form a ring having 5-14 members; R3 comprise hydrogen, halogen, nitro group, amino group, C1-18 alkyl group, C1-18 alkoxy group, C1-18 sulfanyl group, C3-18 heteroalkyl group, C3-20 aryl group, C3-20 heteroaryl group, C3-20 cycloaliphatic group or C3-20 cycloalkyl group; and Z is hydrogen, alkali metal, or quaternary ammonium salt.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optical constant measuring method which includes applying light to a sample including a target material; measuring a first optical signal from light reflected from the sample; grasping a structure of the sample based on the first optical signal; measuring a second optical signal from light penetrating the sample; grasping an overall optical property of the sample based on the second optical signal; and measuring an optical constant of the target material based on the measured structure and optical property of the sample.

Abstract: A method of generating a random number using nonvolatile memory and an apparatus for the same are provided. The method of generating a random number includes reading random number state information from nonvolatile memory when power is supplied; updating the random number state of a random number generator using the random number state information and a saving entropy source, thereby producing updated random number state information; storing the updated random number state information in the nonvolatile memory; updating a random number state of the random number generator using the updated random number state information and a generating entropy source, thereby producing a generating random number state information; and producing a random number to be used in an application program using the generating random number state information and the generating entropy source.

Abstract: A method for reporting uplink control information and a wireless communication device using the same are disclosed. The wireless communication device supports multiple component carriers (CC), and the proposed method includes following steps. When a base station requests the wireless communication device to transmit aperiodic channel state information (CSI) report of one or more downlink CC to the base station, but the CSI of the downlink CCs may be invalid, following steps are executed on the downlink CC. Full payloads of channel quality indicator (CQI)/precoding matrix indicator (PMI) corresponding to a plurality of selectable RI values of the downlink CC are respectively calculated. Additionally, an RI value of the downlink CC is selected according to the full payloads of the CQI/PMI corresponding to the selectable RI values.

Abstract: An automatic focusing apparatus and a method thereof are provided. The apparatus includes a light source, an optical imaging unit, a photo-sensor and a focusing regulation unit. The optical imaging unit includes an object lens and a beam splitter. The beam splitter divides a reflecting beam into a first sub-beam and a second sub-beam. The optical imaging unit has a first imaging optical path and a second imaging optical path with different imaging precisions corresponding to the first sub-beam and the second sub-beam, respectively. The photo-sensor detects a defocus position of the object. The focusing regulation unit adjusts the distance between the object and the object lens and selects an imaging precision, so that the defocus position of the object is placed within the imaging precision of the first optical path and the imaging precision of the second optical path in sequence.

Abstract: Provided is a microanalysis method and system using a Field Effect Transistor (FET). The microanalysis method includes a channel region having a receptor molecule fixed; forming a nano-particle conjugate in the channel region by supplying a sample for test and the nano-particle conjugate to the FET; growing a probe material on the channel region; and measuring a current flowing through the channel region, wherein the receptor molecule is a material that is selectively bonded to a target molecule in the sample for test.

Abstract: A method for measuring sea waves includes: transmitting ultrasonic waves from an ultrasonic transmitter 2 provided on a buoy 1 into the sea, and receiving the ultrasonic waves from three transponders 3 on the seabed together with the time signals; detecting distances between the transponders 3 and the ultrasonic transmitter 2 based on the propagation time of the ultrasonic waves; high-pass filtering the distance data to extract a short-term fluctuation component; preparing and solving linear equations to determine the displacement in the height direction of the short-term fluctuation component and obtain a wave height.

Abstract: Carrier nanoparticles comprising a polymer containing a polyol coupled to a polymer containing a boronic acid, configured to present the polymer containing a boronic acid to an environment external to the nanoparticle and related compositions, methods and systems.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition for alleviating or treating gout and the applications thereof are provided. The pharmaceutical composition includes p-coumaryl diacetate as an active ingredient.

Abstract: The invention provides a scaffold of extracellular matrix polymers with recombinant chimeric peptides tethered thereto. The invention also provides recombinant chimeric peptides of antimicrobial peptides and extracellular matrix binding domains. The invention also provides methods for treating chronic wounds using the scaffold and/or recombinant chimeric peptides.

Abstract: A method of preparing a simple ceramic ingot of a spent filter having radioactive cesium trapped therein, and a ceramic ingot of a spent filter having improved properties such as leach resistance, thermal stability, and cesium content are provided. The method includes grinding and mixing a spent filter having cesium trapped therein, adding a solidifying agent, and sintering the spent filter. The method of preparing a ceramic ingot of a spent filter can be useful in preparing the ceramic ingot of the spent filter from only the spent filter by means of simple grinding and sintering, and in preparing the ceramic ingot of the spent filter by adding a small amount of a solidifying agent. The ceramic ingot of the spent filter has a high density and improved thermal stability, and shows improved leach resistance since a leach rate of a radioactive material is remarkably low. Therefore, the spent filter having radioactive cesium trapped therein can be effectively used to prepare a stable ceramic ingot.

Abstract: Electrochemical cells of the present invention are versatile and include primary and secondary cells useful for a range of important applications including use in portable electronic devices. Electrochemical cells of the present invention also exhibit enhanced safety and stability relative to conventional state of the art primary lithium batteries and lithium ion secondary batteries. For example, electrochemical cells of the present invention include secondary electrochemical cells using anion charge carriers capable of accommodation by positive and negative electrodes comprising anion host materials, which entirely eliminate the need for metallic lithium or dissolved lithium ion in these systems.

Abstract: Third-order intermodulation products (IM3) are attenuated in RF receivers by providing a typical main signal path and a parallel auxiliary signal path in which the IM3 products are accentuated, and the output from the main signal path is adaptively filtered to attenuate the IM3 products. In one embodiment, a multirate filter bank (MRFB) with asymmetric analysis and synthesis sections is used to detect and isolate the IM3 products. In another embodiment an analog nonlinear term generator is placed at the front of the auxiliary signal path. The analog nonlinear term generator takes advantage of the nonlinearities of a differential MOSFET circuit and a multiplier to extract the IM3 products in the RF input signal. The outputs of the main signal path and the auxiliary signal path are inputs to a complex least mean squares filter to attenuate the IM3 products in the resulting signal.

Abstract: Provided is a data transmission system using a carrier aggregation. The data transmission system may assign a radio resource based on a correspondence relationship between a downlink and an uplink, and may transmit data using the assigned radio resource.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to novel C4 and C6 substituted androst-4-ene diones as well as andros-1,4-diene diones and derivatives thereof, their process of preparation, pharmaceutical compounds containing them, and the use of said compounds for the treatment of hormone-related disorders in mammals. This includes hormone-dependent cancers, particularly those caused by elevated levels of estrogen and its intermediates. These compounds can also be used in the treatment of other hormone-related disorders, including benign prostatic hyperplasia, cardiovascular disease, and neurodegenerative disorders.

Abstract: This relates to the prevention of cancer initiation. More specifically, the invention provides compositions and methods useful for altering the genetic signature in breast tissue, said alteration being correlated with a reduced risk for the development of breast cancer.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an aryloxy dihalopropenyl ether compound with the structure shown as general formula (I), of which the group definitions can be seen in the specification. The present invention also discloses the use of the compound with general formula (I) as an insecticide in the agricultural field and an insecticidal composition using the compound with general formula (I) as an active component.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for sterile filling comprises de-contaminating a needle penetrable surface of a device including a needle penetrable septum and a sealed chamber in fluid communication with the needle penetrable septum. A filling needle penetrates the needle penetrable septum, introduces substance through the filling needle and into the chamber and is, in turn, withdrawn from the septum. A liquid sealant is applied to the penetrated region of the septum. Radiation or energy is applied to the liquid sealant to cure the liquid sealant from a liquid phase to a solid phase.