Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for recovering elemental silicon from silicon sludge by electrolysis in a non-aqueous electrolyte. The recovery method of silicon according to the present invention can achieve direct reduction of silicon by electrolysis at a low temperature (below 200° C.), control the structure of silicon by a simple process and a change in electrolysis conditions, and perform a continuous process by adding a silicon salt.

Abstract: Low temperature bond balls connect two structures having disparate coefficients of linear thermal expansion. An integrated circuit is made to heat the device such that the low temperature bond balls melt. After melting, the bond balls solidify, and the device is operated with the bond balls solidified. In one example, one of the two structures is a semiconductor substrate, and the other structure is a printed circuit board. The integrated circuit is a die mounted to the semiconductor substrate. The bond balls include at least five percent indium, and the integrated circuit is an FPGA loaded with a bit stream. The bit stream configures the FPGA such that the FPGA has increased power dissipation, which melts the balls. After the melting, a second bit stream is loaded into the FPGA and the FPGA is operated in a normal user-mode using the second bit stream.

Abstract: Provided are a solar cell and a method of manufacturing the same. The method of manufacturing the solar cell includes stacking a solar cell device layer containing GaN on a sacrificial substrate, etching the solar cell device layer to expose the sacrificial substrate, thereby forming one or more solar cell devices comprising the solar cell device layer, anisotropically etching the exposed sacrificial substrate, contacting the solar cell devices to a stamping processor to remove the solar cell devices from the sacrificial substrate, and transferring the solar cell devices onto a receiving substrate. A high temperature semiconductor process may be performed on a substrate such as a silicon substrate to transfer the solar cell devices onto the substrate, thereby manufacturing flexible solar cells. Also, a large number of solar cells may be excellently aligned on a large area. In addition, economical solar cells may be manufactured.

Abstract: Provided is a multi-channel optical module and a manufacturing method of the same. The optical module includes a base block having a cavity on one edge(?) of the base block; a substrate arranged on the other side of the base block that faces the cavity; an integrated circuit (IC) chip mounted on the substrate; a platform arranged in the cavity; electrical contacts connected to the IC chip, wherein the electrical contacts are formed on the platform; an optical device array block arranged in the platform, wherein the optical device array block is connected to the electrical contacts; a plurality of optical fiber cores aligned with the optical device array block; and an optical fiber array block fixing the plurality of optical fiber cores, wherein the optical fiber array block is bonded to the platform and to the optical device array block and is fixed in the cavity.

Abstract: An apparatus for grouping a plurality of stations in a multi-transmission environment includes an SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio) measuring unit configured to measure SNR values of the stations existing in the multi-transmission environment. Further, the apparatus includes a grouping unit configured to group the stations into several subgroups depending on the SNR values, wherein a leader is defined in each subgroup. Furthermore, the apparatus includes a control unit configured to determine an MCS (Modulation and Coding Scheme) intended for each subgroup and form different A-MPDU (Aggregated MAC Protocol Data Unit) for each subgroup separately to send to each subgroup in a multicast transmission.

Abstract: An apparatus of producing a carbonate mineral includes a first reaction device including a fluid path along which an ion exchange solution moves; a cation exchange medium disposed in the fluid path, the cation exchange medium containing an alkaline earth metal; a second reaction device accommodating a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution and receiving the ion exchange solution containing an alkaline earth metal ion from the first reaction device; and a carbon dioxide supplying device supplying a carbon dioxide to the second aqueous solution.

Abstract: A magnetic induction foam molding apparatus comprising: a pair of electromagnet parts, each of which has a core part composed of a ferromagnet and a coil part placed on the outer circumference surface of the core part, and that are placed so as to face each other and depart from each other with a predetermined distance in the axis direction of the core part; a foaming mold interposed between the pair of electromagnet parts, inside which a cavity is defined; and a yoke part connecting back surfaces of the respective core parts of the pair of the electromagnet pats so as to form a magnetic path between a pair of the back surfaces. In the cavity of the foaming mold, a uniform magnetic field is formed.

Abstract: A vehicle controller includes a communications unit for performing data communications with local servers; a local path generation unit for generating, in response to an automatic vehicle guidance service request, a local path based on a driving control command and sensing information received from the local servers via the communications unit; a path-following control unit for generating actuator control signals for controlling actuators of a vehicle to drive the vehicle along the local path; and a vehicle driving unit for driving the actuators according to the actuator control signals. Each local server pre-processes and merges sensor data received from the infra-sensor to generate the sensing information. A global server generates the driving control command based on the sensing information and transmits the driving control command to the local servers.

Abstract: A mechanism modulates a fluid flow in a diffuser flow path of a compressor diffuser, including: a shroud disposed on the diffuser flow path and having a cam and a driving wheel fixed base; a diffuser vane having a diffuser guide vane disposed in the diffuser flow path and a diffuser vane shaft fixedly disposed on the diffuser vane that penetrates from the diffuser flow path through the shroud; a driving ring sleeved on the cam and having a moving bar; a sliding block having one end connected with one end the diffuser vane shaft that penetrates through the shroud, and the other end sleeved on a sliding groove formed on the moving bar; a driving wheel disposed in the driving wheel fixed base and having a driving shaft connected to an actuator outside of the compressor; and a driving cable connected to the driving wheel and the driving ring.

Abstract: Five optimized genes of capsid L1 protein from human papillomavirus type 16, 58, 18, 6 and 11, which are modified by using insect's preferred codons and so on. Method for modifying those genes to express more highly in insect cells. Virus-like particle's vaccine compositions comprising HPV L1 proteins or their functional relatives produced by using those modified genes. Those optimized genes of L1 can be used to produce HPV 16 VLP, HPV 58VLP, HPV 18VLP, HPV 6 VLP, HPV 11VLP in insect cells. Yields of virus-like particles derived from those optimized HPV L1 genes are high. Mixed multivalent vaccines comprising above optimized HPV L1 genes can be used to prevent and treat multiple HPV infection and diseases related with it.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus and method for tracking a position of a fixed node. The position tracking apparatus of the fixed node may include: an interface to extract, from a database in response to the occurrence of an event about tracking the position of the fixed node, packet data corresponding to a mobile node associated with the event; and a processor to analyze a received signal strength of the packet data and a position of the mobile node from the packet data, and to track the position of the fixed node using the analysis result.

Abstract: Provided are a system capable of providing a highlight of a real-time event using message streams of social media and a highlight service providing method using the same. The disclosed highlight providing system includes: a hot event session detection unit detecting a hot event session where a hot event occurs using message streams of social media; a keyword detection unit detecting keywords related with the hot event from the hot event session detected by the hot event session detection unit using a predetermined algorithm; a hot event generating unit generating the hot event using a semantic relation between the keywords detected by the keyword detection unit; and a highlight providing unit providing a highlight of the social media along with a description in a natural language based on the hot event generated by the hot event generating unit.

Abstract: A 1,3,5-triazine derivative represented by the formula (1): wherein R1, R2 and R3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; X represents a carbon atom or a nitrogen atom; Ar1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group; Ar2 represents an C1-4 alkyl-substituted or unsubstituted aromatic 6-membered heterocyclic group having one or two nitrogen atoms, which may be a condensed ring compound. An organic electroluminescent device comprising the 1,3,5-triazine derivative exhibits low power consumption and long lifetime.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for selective dealkylation of alkyl-substituted C9+ aromatic compounds using a bimodal porous dealkylation catalyst at a low temperature. The catalyst has a bimodal porous structure including both mesopores and micropores. The catalyst includes a crystalline aluminosilicate and a metal. The catalyst is highly active at a low temperature. According to the method, C9+ aromatic compounds substituted with at least one C2+ alkyl group as by-products formed by xylene production can be selectively dealkylated and converted to BTX, etc. on a large scale within a short time. In addition, the method is an environmentally friendly process entailing reduced waste treatment cost when compared to conventional mesitylene production methods. Therefore, high value-added mesitylene can be separated from low value-added C9+ aromatic compounds at lower cost compared to conventional methods.

Abstract: A method for opearation of femto base station (BS) is provided. The method includes: transmitting the first low duty operation (LDO) pattern information, which includes length information of an available interval (AI) where the femto BS is activated and length information of an unavailable interval (UAI) where the femto BS is inactivated, to user equipment (UE) and operating based on the first LDO pattern where the first LDO cycle, a sequence of the AI and the UAI, is repeatedly arranged. The first LDO pattern information further including a superframe offset as information for leading a start point of the first LDO cycle.

Abstract: When a transmitter communicating with a first receiver interferes with an adjacent second receiver, the transmitter receives a reference signal from the second receiver in order to transform a codebook to mitigate interference in the second receiver. A channel with the second receiver is estimated through the received reference signal, and a receiving correlation matrix is calculated based on the estimated channel. The inverse of the receiving correlation matrix is calculated from the calculated receiving correlation matrix, and the codebook is transformed using the calculated inverse of the receiving correlation matrix.

Abstract: Provided is a natural convection-driven polymerase chain reaction (PCR) apparatus and method, which can periodically change temperature of a sample to make a natural convection-driven flow in a loop-shaped channel on a disposable polymer chip and contacting heating metal members maintained at different temperatures with channels. The natural convection-driven PCR apparatus includes: a polymer chip having a plurality of channels connected together to form a loop-shaped microchannel, a sample being filled inside the channels; a plurality of heating metal members contacting the loop-shaped microchannel of the polymer chip and transferring heat; a temperature controller connected to the heating metal members to maintain the heating metal members at different temperatures; a plurality of heaters connected to the heating metal members and the temperature controller to supply heat to the heating metal members; and temperature sensors connected to the heating metal members and the temperature controller.

Abstract: Provided is a method of admission control for a hybrid femtocell in a wireless communication system, in which the method is applied to a wireless communication system including a hybrid femto base station and a core network performing admission control of a mobile station terminal in a femtocell of the hybrid femto base station. The method of admission control for a hybrid femtocell performed by a core network according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes determining whether a mobile station terminal has membership; determining whether speed information of the mobile station terminal exists; and assigning a probability value to the mobile station terminal depending on the membership and the speed information of the mobile station terminal.

Abstract: The subject invention concerns methods for the detection, diagnosis, and/or prognosis of cancer by analyzing centrosomal features. In one embodiment, a method includes receiving an image of one or more cells; selecting a region of interest in one cell; segmenting the region of interest to delineate at least one centrosomal; extracting one or more features from the segmented image; and analyzing the extracted features to diagnose cancer. In another embodiment, the progression of cancer can be predicted through analysis and classification of the extracted features. In one embodiment, the method can be performed by a quantitative cancer analysis system including a diagnosis module and/or a prognosis module. In one embodiment, the method can be performed using an image processing system.

Abstract: Sensing device and sensing method are disclosed. The multi-dimensional force sensing device includes a soft laminose dielectric structure, a conductive sheet, at least one first electrode sheet, at least one second electrode sheet, a measuring unit and an analysis unit. The soft laminose dielectric structure has a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other. The conductive sheet is disposed on the first surface and has a vertical projection area. The first electrode sheet is disposed on the second surface and totally in the range of the vertical projection area. The second electrode sheet is disposed on the second surface and partially in the range of the vertical projection area. The analysis unit analyzes the magnitude and direction of a force applied on the conductive sheet according to the capacitance between the at least one first electrode sheet and between the first and the second electrode sheets.