Abstract: A process for preparing a metallosilicate catalyst includes the steps of: forming a mixture of at least one non-alkali metal, a templating agent, and an organic base; adding a silicon additive to the mixture so as to form a metallosilicate hydrogel; aging the hydrogel to obtain a crystalline metallosilicate composition; washing and drying the crystalline composition; and calcining the crystalline composition so as to provide a metallosilicate catalyst. Two or more non-alkali metals may be selected so as to provide a multifunctional catalyst.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of a hydrocarbon in water emulsion from viscous hydrocarbons wherein aging of the emulsion over time is substantially eliminated comprises forming a concentrated emulsion characterized by a water content of less than or equal to 15%/wt. and an average oil droplet size of less than or equal to 4 microns and thereafter forming a final emulsion by diluting the concentrated hydrocarbon in water emulsion with water so as to obtain a water content of less than or equal to 30%/wt. and stirring said diluted emulsion so as to obtain a final hydrocarbon in water emulsion having an average oil droplet size of greater than or equal to 15 microns.

Abstract: A process for producing a sulfur sorbent composition in a mixer having a mixer paddle an energy supply is disclosed which includes hydrating an alkaline earth metal oxide in an aqueous solution containing a promoting additive selected from a group consisting of urea and mixtures of urea with a water soluble iron salt under high intensity mixing conditions with the mixer wherein the mixer is operated at a mixer paddle tip velocity of at least 500 ft/min and a mixer energy input of at least 3.5 kW-h per ton of sorbent so as to produce a sulfur sorbent composition having the following physical and chemical properties: alkaline earth metal (wt. %)--40-52, molar ratio of promoting additive to alkaline earth metal--0.001-0.2, bulk density (g/ml)--0.35-0.75, surface area (m.sup.2 /g)--5-25, pore volume (cc/g)--0.05-0.14 and mean particle size (um)--4.

Abstract: A method for preparing a catalyst for conversion of methane to higher hydrocarbons, discloses the steps of: forming a mixture of a manganese aqueous solution and an oxidative agent aqueous solution in an inorganic oxide support material; varying a pH value of the mixture between acidic and basic values to obtain a precipitate of manganese oxide; drying the manganese oxide precipitate; impregnating the dried manganese oxide precipitate with a promoter to obtain an impregnated solid; drying the impregnated solid; and calcining the impregnated solid until a surface atomic ratio of promoter to manganese is at least 5. The catalyst so acquired may be contacted with a methane gas to obtain stable conversion values over extended reaction times.

Abstract: A method for lowering the viscosity of a heavy hydrocarbon in situ in a well formation so as to improve well production wherein the heavy hydrocarbon has an API gravity in the range between 6.degree. and 12.degree. and a dynamic viscosity in the range between 300 and 900 centipoises @ 195.degree. F. comprising lowering the viscosity of a virgin heavy hydrocarbon outside of a well formation wherein said heavy hydrocarbon has an API gravity in the range between 6 and 12 degrees and a dynamic viscosity above 300 centipoises @ 195.degree. F. so as to make pumpable with conventional pumping equipment comprising mixing said hyrdocarbon at a temperature range between 400.degree. and 500.degree. F with steam and an additive selected.

Abstract: A well pumping system for pumping a fluid having a liquid and a gas is disclosed which system includes a well casing and a production tube set within the well casing so as to define an annular space between the production tube and the well casing, the production tube including a shoe comprising a hollow tubular article having a substantially cylindrical wall defining a first flow passage, a second flow passage being formed within the wall of the shoe, the first flow passage having a first inlet for the liquid and a first outlet to the annular space, the second flow passage having a second inlet for the gas and a second outlet to the production tube, whereby the liquid is produced through the annular space and the gas is produced through the production tube. The pumping system preferably includes a pump for pumping the liquid to the first inlet, and a rod string for actuating the pump, the rod string being disposed within the production tube, whereby the rod string is substantially isolated from the liquid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved sorbent for use in removing effluents such as sulfur dioxide from combustion gas streams. The sorbent comprises a hydroxide formed from an alkaline-earth based material such as lime and having incorporated therein an iron and organic compound promotion addition to enhance its ability to remove effluents from the gas stream. The sorbent is formed by co-dissolving an iron salt and an organic compound in a hydration solution and thereafter mixing the hydration solution containing the iron salt and the organic compound with an alkaline-earth based material. The sorbent thus produced may be injected into a gas stream in either dry or slurry form to remove the effluents.

Abstract: The present invention is drawn to a method for measuring crude oil contained in a gas flowing in a gas line which incorporates the steps of obtaining a sample of gas from the gas line, passing the sample of gas through a selective crude oil trap, measuring the volume of the sample of gas, and measuring the volume of trapped crude oil. The selective crude oil trap includes a cooled coil and at least one cylinder filled with a fluid which is non-soluble with oil and which is preferably refrigerated. The selective crude oil trap may alternatively include a filter device which has a cylinder filled with a polymerized porous medium bound with a phenolic resin. The apparatus for carrying out the method has inlet and outlet connectors which allow the apparatus to be releasably connected to a gas flow line to obtain a sample of gas and to be disconnected and physically transported to a remote facility for completion of the testing.

Abstract: A system for monitoring performance of a pumping unit of an oil well includes a first sensor for measuring the inclination angle of a beam forming part of the pumping unit, a second sensor for measuring the load on the beam, and a third sensor for measuring the load on an electrical motor used in conjunction with the pumping unit. The first sensor includes a cantilevered pendulum member which moves in response to changes in the beam inclination angle and strain gauges affixed to the pendulum member for generating an electrical signal indicative of the instantaneous inclination angle. The second sensor includes a deformable sensor plate mounted to the beam and piezoresistive gauges attached to the plate for providing a signal indicative of the load on the beam. The third sensor includes a sensor head attached to a cable for supplying electrical power to the motor.

Abstract: A process for producing a sulfur sorbent composition in a mixer having a mixer paddle an energy supply is disclosed which includes hydrating an alkaline earth metal oxide in an aqueous solution containing a promoting additive selected from a group consisting of urea and mixtures of urea with a water soluble iron salt under high intensity mixing conditions with the mixer wherein the mixer is operated at a mixer paddle tip velocity of at least 500 ft/min and a mixer energy input of at least 3.5 kW-h per ton of sorbent so as to produce a sulfur sorbent composition having the following physical and chemical properties: alkaline earth metal (wt.%)--40-52, molar ratio of promoting additive to alkaline earth metal--0.001-0.2, bulk density (g/ml)--0.35-0.75, surface area (m.sup.2 /g)--5-25, pore volume (cc/g)--0.05-0.14 and mean particle size (.mu.m)--4.

Abstract: Process obtains improved viscosity and improved distillates proportion in heavy hydrocarbons, as heavy crude oil, by providing a feedstock of heavy hydrocarbons containing a water content of greater than or equal to 1% with respect to the weight of the hydrocarbons and reacting said hydrocarbons with a gas containing methane under pressure and at an elevated temperature.

Abstract: A novel organic coating to be used on metal surfaces as a protective barrier against corrosion is described. The coating comprises a base component formed from epoxy resin, petroleum coke, magnesium silicate, a solvent, and optionally a thixotropic agent and/or coal tar and a catalyst component preferably selected from the group consisting of polyamide resins and an amine. The coating of the present invention has a highly enhanced hardness and excellent abrasion resistance properties. A method of preparing a liquid paint-like material to be applied to a metal substrate to form the coating of the present invention is also described.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for determining the water content of an oil-in-water emulsion is disclosed. The apparatus includes a first sensor for measuring the real part of specific admittance of the emulsion, a second sensor which acts as a temperature compensation device and electronic circuitry for producing a signal representative of the water content of the emulsion. The method for determining the water content comprises measuring the real part of specific admittance of an oil-in-water emulsion and providing a signal representative thereof, providing a reference signal indicative of the emulsion temperature, adjusting the measured real part of specific admittance signal with the reference signal and converting the adjusted signal into a current signal representative of the percentage water content of the emulsion.

Abstract: A chamber includes a plurality of chamber elements, forming a chamber having a bottom, sides, ends and an open top, and a support wire for flexibly linking the chamber elements.

Abstract: A tri-elemental catalyst suitable for hydrocracking and hydrogenation of aromatics-containing petroleum hydrocarbon feedstocks such as hydrotreated cracked feedstock, virgin feedstock, vacuum distillate, middle distillate, mixtures thereof, and the like, is disclosed. The catalyst is suitable for hydrodesulfurization as well as hydrodenitrogenation, thus the feedstock can contain sulfur and nitrogen in addition to the aromatic components. Hydrocracking and aromatics hydrogenation of the petroleum hydrocarbon feedstocks is accomplished under a relatively wide range of process conditions using the tri-elemental catalyst that contains a catalytically active metal phase constituted by a Group VI-B element, a Group VIII first transition series element and a Group VIII second transition series element, all supported on a titania-alumina support containing about 5% to about 30% by weight titania in the support.

Abstract: A zeolitic material with a crystalline structure of MFI type has a ratio of silica to alumina which is lower than 26, and is hydrothermally prepared without organic template reagents or seeding procedures. Crystalline structure is obtained by forming a mixture of a silicon dioxide source, an alkali metal hydroxide, an aluminum source and water, all reactants with the following molar ratios: ##EQU1## where M is an alkali metal, and reacting the mixture at a temperature from 160.degree. to 180.degree. C. for 40-80 hours. The material is characterized by X-ray diffraction, and has good cracking activity and improved selectivity for gasoline octanes.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for sensing unacceptable oil leaks from a stuffing box in a walking beam pumping system includes a container for receiving leakage from the stuffing box which is divided by a weir into a first compartment and a second compartment wherein the first compartment is provided with an adjustable outlet for setting the acceptable level of stuffing box leakage such that when the acceptable level is exceeded leakage into the second compartment occurs and is sensed by an appropriate sensor (28).

Abstract: A process for production of vanadium-containing agglomerate, includes the steps of providing a spent, vanadium-containing, iron based hydroconversion catalyst; incinerating the spent catalyst in the presence of an oxidizer until a sulfur content of the spent catalyst is reduced to 2% or less by weight; grinding the spent catalyst to a particle size suitable for a desired use; and mixing the spent catalyst with an iron mineral and a binder to form a vanadium-containing agglomerate; and pyroconsolidating the vanadium-containing agglomerate. Agglomerates so obtained exhibit a solid solution structure of ferric oxide and vanadium pentoxide.

Abstract: A process for the production of an ether-rich additive for gasoline, and more particularly, the production of TAME from light hydrocarbon streams by admixing the light hydrocarbon stream, preferably from an FCC feedstock, prior to distillation of the feedstock with an alcohol in a C.sub.5 feedstock and contacting the feedstock with a catalyst under etherification process conditions.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for recovering nickel and magnesium from natural material by extracting them in the presence of a spent sulfur containing iron based hydroconversion catalyst, under oxidative conditions.