Abstract: Two press units have axes which lie in a pressing plane which is inclined to the vertical direction and they form a press nip with each other. The two press units are supported by bearing brackets which are coupled in pairs to each other by detachable tension bars which transmit the pressing force. The bearing brackets of the one press unit are supported rigidly (i.e. directly on a machine frame, foundation, or the like) and bear at least a part of the weight of the other press unit. A support device on the machine frame, foundation, or the like at least temporarily takes up a component of the weight of the other press unit which is directed transverse to the pressing plane.

Abstract: A method for optimizing the efficiency of a set of machines comprising a double-controlled turbine and a generator. A correlation is determined between the efficiency .beta., flow Q, variable height of fall H, gate opening .DELTA..gamma. and runner opening .phi. on a model set of machines by test series. The determination yields a model optimum curve for the respective height of fall, the model optimum curve having the optimum gate opening as a function of flow and runner opening. An optimum efficiency for an operating point of a large-scale system is determined by, based on the model optimum curve, making variations of the gate opening .DELTA..gamma. and of the runner opening .phi. on the large-scale system, the variations being such that the flow of the model set of machines would remain constant for the same variations, and wherein the flow of the large-scale system is also presumed to be constant. The power outputs before and after the variations are compared to determine stepwise the .DELTA..gamma./.phi.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a web of fibers, especially a web of paper. The pulp is uniformly distributed through an outlet over the width of the machine and along a wire or between two wires. Most of the moisture is subsequently extracted from the pulp accommodated on or between the wires at a draining point. Various amounts of retaining agents are added to the pulp at sections across the headbox and the web in order to control the level of retention sectionally.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for coating traveling webs of paper or board having two web guide rolls closely adjacent each other. Each roll has an applicator associated on its periphery. The applicators cooperate with each other at least in part for the coating of the web directly one after the other, preferably within at most 0.15 seconds. The rolls are arranged one above the other--possibly somewhat laterally shifted from each other. The lower roll has an applicator chamber of a nozzle applicator in the region of its periphery remote from the upper roll. The upper roll has at least one of the following on its web-entrance side--with respect to the lower roll--a sump chamber for coating composition formed of a doctor element and its mount and on its other side, an applicator chamber of a nozzle applicator. The lower roll may be adapted to be swung or lowered away from the upper roll and/or the upper roll may be liftable away from the lower roll.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a sickleless internal gear pump including an internal ring gear and a pinion meshing with the ring gear. The internal ring gear and pinion having a common width and a plurality of teeth extending across the width. Each tooth has a tooth head with an involute profile. Each ring gear tooth includes a tooth head having a slot therein. The ring gear has a plurality of radial ports. A housing rotatably carries the internal ring gear and the pinion, and includes a suction port, a pressure port and an axial expanse corresponding to the teeth width. A plurality of sealing elements are respectively disposed in the ring gear tooth head slots. The sealing elements are radially movably disposed in the slots, and each sealing element defines an end face of the tooth head. The end face has an exterior profile corresponding to the involute profile. Each sealing element comprises a stop surface and a fixed stop.

Abstract: A machine frame for supporting at least one dewatering element (a roll, suction box or the like) over which an endless belt (a wire or felt) may travel upon operation of a paper manufacturing machine, wherein:a) the dewatering element (10) has an operator-side end and a drive-side end;b) a beam (11) which extends substantially parallel to the dewatering element (10) is connected in torsionally rigid manner;b1) to a first frame part (12) for supporting the drive-side end of the dewatering element (10) and which rests in tilt-proof manner on a foundation (9);b2) and to a second frame part (13) for supporting the operator-side end of the dewatering element (10) and which rests on the foundation (9) via removable intermediate pieces (14); andc) an extension (15) of the beam (11) extends beyond the operator-side frame part (13), the outer end of the extension (16) being adapted to rest on the foundation (9),the improvement wherein:d) the beam (11) is a single beam arranged laterally alongside of the dewatering ele

Abstract: The invention concerns a support beam of a coating system for coating a web of paper or cardboard carried in or at the coating system by a roll, the support beam having a length about the same as the roll. Tie rods or thrust rods are distributed around the periphery of the support beam and are spaced at least 50 mm from the center of gravity line of the cross sectional surfaces of the beam. The cross sectional surfaces are disposed perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the support beam. Traction or thrust devices apply a tension or compression force to at least one of the tie rods or thrust rods.

Abstract: Bearing assembly (11) for mounting a bearing journal (2) of a rotatable roll (1). The bearing journal (2) is supported by a spherical bearing element (2a) in a bearing housing (5). The bearing journal (2) is fixed in the direction of the longitudinal axis (L) of the bearing assembly (11) in the bearing housing (5). The bearing housing (5) is connected with the aid of axial guide elements to a base (10), which is fastened on a framework (15) or foundation (or on a swivel lever). The axial guide elements are guide rods (12a, 12b) which are parallel to the longitudinal axis (L) and which engage in the bearing housing (5) and in the base (10). The one guide rod (12b) is displaceable transversely to its axis, so that the bearing housing (5) can expand transversely to the longitudinal axis (L) relative to the base (10).

Abstract: A hydrostatic displacement machine has in a revolving cylinder block several displacement elements movable in a guideway and having a radial position during the rotation of the cylinder block determined by a nonrotating displacement ring. The displacement elements, viewed axially, are retained on the displacement ring by two retaining rings. The retaining rings feature relative to the displacement ring a radial seal. The axial seal of the retaining rings is effected in standstill, relative to the housing or housing lid, by way of spring elements, and during the pumping operation, by a contact force which is indirectly dependent on the operating pressure.

Abstract: A calender for treating a material web, particularly a paper web, with at least two rolls forming with each other a roll gap for passage of the web, with a heating system and with a removable cover system. The cover system comprises a foil which is tightened at least around part of the circumference of at least one of the rolls while forming a machine-wide gap between itself and the shell surface of the respective roll, and extending in planes situated parallel to the roll axes.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a paper machine for the production of a fiber web, including a headbox for forming the fiber web. Disposed adjacent the headbox is either a dewatering unit, e.g., a dewatering cylinder, a double wire former or a four-drinier wire section. Also provided are at least one press unit for dewatering the fiber web, a tissue drying cylinder for finish drying the fiber web, a device for fiber web pickup from the tissue drying cylinder (Yankee cylinder), e.g., a creping doctor or a Clupak device, and a carrier belt for carrying the fiber web. At least one of the press units is configured as a shoe press for drying the fiber web, and includes a device for immediately separating the fiber web from a press felt after at least one press pass. The belt is preferably water impermeable, and an adhesion force between the water impermeable belt and the fiber web is greater than an adhesion force between the press felt and the fiber web.

Abstract: In a twin-wire former for the production of a paper web, two wire belts (11 and 12) together form a twin-wire zone which is divided into three sections (I, II and III). In the first section (I) the two wires (11, 12) travel over a curved forming shoe (16). They form there a wedge-shaped inlet slot (15) with which a headbox (10) is directly associated. In the second section (II), several resiliently supported strips (27) rest against the lower wire (11) and between each of said strips (27) a rigidly mounted strip (28) rests against the upper wire (12). In the third section (III) both wire belts (11, 12) pass over another curved forming shoe (23).

Abstract: A press includes at least two press units supported by respective bearing brackets. The bearing brackets are coupled together by releasable tension rods which transmit a pressing force. When the two press units are not transmitting a pressing force in a pressing plane, the tension rods are prestressed at a maximum of a fraction of the maximum pressing force. One of the bearing brackets is movable relative to the other bearing bracket along the pressing plane. The bearing brackets are guided by a pair of guide surfaces disposed parallel to the press plane.

Abstract: The device has two mutually parallel slats extending crosswise to the running direction of the wire, namely an approach slat and a departure slat which with a wire guide surface each touch the revolving wire. Contained between the two slats is a blowing slot connected to a compressed air supply. Forming between the approach slat and the wire is a wedge-shaped gore tapering in the wire running direction, into which gore empties a water spray system. The departure slat has a step type clearance at the point where the wire leaves the wire guide surface.

Abstract: A drying section of a paper making machine has a series of single tier drying groups, all with their respective felt belts arranged so that the drying cylinders are in contact with and dry one side of the web. The single tier groups are followed by one double tier drying group wherein the web passes such that the top side, then the bottom side, then the top side, then the bottom side, etc. of the web is in contact with successive drying cylinders arranged in two rows. Steam under pressure is supplied to all the drying cylinders. In the double tier group of drying cylinders, the steam pressure supplied to a first set of drying cylinders in sequence is higher than the steam pressure supplied to a second set of drying cylinders.

Abstract: A pump with axial thrust compensation having an external housing, a main shaft within the housing to which are axially fixed two spaced apart rotors. The main shaft supports the rotors apart at respective collars against which the rotors are clamped. Each rotor including a series of radially displaceable elements within respective bores. The stroke rings for the rotors are rigidly attached to each other by a respective bearing shaft. A respective stroke ring around each rotor for moving the displaceable elements into and out of the bores. A respective control slot into each of the bores in the rotor and the control slots of each rotor extending laterally toward the other rotor.

Abstract: The invention concerns a roll-coating machine for the application of coating colors onto a paper web, including:a coating roll that rotates in a coating color pool;a trough retaining the color pool and having a coating color inlet, a guide wall with a first overflow edge, and an overflow channel for a first overflow stream;a mating roll that rotates in a direction opposite to that of the coating roll and with it forms an inlet gusset and an outlet gusset; anda guide shield that has a second overflow edge on its downstream end for a second overflow stream, a bypass channel for division of the second overflow stream and having a valve, and a restrictor defined by the guide shield in cooperation with the paper web.

Abstract: The invention concerns the recycling of waste paper in a deinking process with flotation with at least one other cleaning stage downstream. According to the invention, selective flotation is performed in multiple stages. After no more than a third flotation stage, the flotation foam collected up to that point is removed and purified by means of flash flotation, which produces sludge, clear water and separated foam that contains the contaminants from the waste paper feed. Subsequently, the sludge is removed from the paper recycling process. Large impurities are removed from the sludge (foam) (except for the foam from up to the three last stages) in up to two washing units (including thickeners) or screen units. The fibers are then separated from the relatively fine contaminants, and these contaminants are primarily removed as sludge from the resulting low-fiber fractions by flash flotation.

Abstract: A method of digesting waste paper is disclosed wherein waste paper is digested in a gas-tight container at an elevated pressure supplied by compressed gas introduced to the container. The digestion mixture is circulated within the pulper by a rotor having vanes or helical surfaces.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a support beam for a scraper blade which is in contact with the shell surface of a drying cylinder. The support beam comprises an oblong hollow body made of a fiber composite material wherein the major fiber orientation is essentially in the longitudinal expanse of the hollow body. The hollow body has at least two longitudinal walls of convex curvature as well as two transition sections of convex rounding which connect the longitudinal walls to one another. The radius of curvature of each longitudinal wall is greater than its width while the radius of curvature of each transition zone is smaller than the width of an adjacent longitudinal wall.