Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide an agent for restoring a visual function or an agent for preventing the deterioration in a visual function, which has an excellent visual function restoring ability. The agent for regenerating a visual function or the agent for preventing the deterioration in a visual function according to the present invention contains, as an active ingredient, a chimeric protein having both an amino acid sequence for a microorganism-origin ion-transporting receptor rhodopsin and an amino acid sequence for an animal-origin G-protein-coupled receptor rhodopsin. The chimeric protein is preferably one in which an amino acid sequence for a cytoplasm-side second loop and/or a cytoplasm-side third loop in the amino acid sequence for the microorganism-origin ion-transporting receptor rhodopsin is substituted by an amino acid sequence for a cytoplasm-side second loop and/or a cytoplasm-side third loop in the G-protein-coupled receptor rhodopsin.

Abstract: Provided is a method of culturing a human hepatic parenchymal cell, including culturing a human hepatic parenchymal cell in a medium containing: a culture supernatant of a human hepatic nonparenchymal cell; a Wnt signaling promoter; and a mitogenic growth factor.

Abstract: Provided is a method of differentiating a pluripotent stem cell of mammalian origin into a desired cell type by predicting the direction of cell differentiation to be caused by induction of expression of a transcription factor. A human gene expression correlation matrix using human cells has been newly created, and further, it has been confirmed that human pluripotent stem cells can be differentiated into a desired cell type by introducing, into the human pluripotent stem cells, a transcription factor cocktail selected from the matrix.

Abstract: Provided herein are compositions and methods for the induction and/or proliferation of CD8+ T-cells. The disclosure also provides methods of treatment of diseases that can be treated by the induction and/or proliferation of CD8+ T-cells.

Abstract: Provided are a spintronics device, a magnetic memory, and an electronics device capable of generating a large spin current without depending on a specific material. A spintronics device includes a first conductive layer, a second conductive layer having carrier mobility or electrical conductivity lower than that of the first conductive layer, and a boundary region between the conductive layers. The boundary region has a gradient of carrier mobility or electrical conductivity, and a spin current is generated by rotation of a velocity field of an electron caused by the gradient.

Abstract: A method for producing a two-dimensional small intestinal organoid having a villus structure, the method including a step 1 of culturing a cell derived from a small intestinal epithelium in an extracellular matrix to obtain a three-dimensional small intestinal organoid, a step 2 of dispersing the three-dimensional small intestinal organoid and monolayer culturing on the extracellular matrix to obtain a two-dimensional small intestinal organoid, and a step 3 of further culturing the two-dimensional small intestinal organoid while letting a culture medium of the two-dimensional small intestinal organoid to flow so that the two-dimensional small intestinal organoid forms a villus structure.

Abstract: A pancreatic cancer detection method is provided, including: (a) bringing extracellular vesicles, which are in a body fluid sample derived from a subject into contact with one or more kinds of lectins; (b) measuring an amount of the extracellular vesicles bound to the one or more kinds of lectins after (a); and (c) evaluating the presence of pancreatic cancer in the subject based on the amount of the extracellular vesicles measured in (b). In addition, a pancreatic cancer detection kit is provided, including: a solid-phase carrier on which one or more kinds of lectins are immobilized; and an antibody specifically binding to a pan-extracellular vesicle membrane protein or an antigen-binding fragment thereof.

Abstract: To identify a microorganism causing the development of primary sclerosing cholangitis associated with ulcerative colitis. A Klebsiella pneumoniae strain inducing inflammation in the liver.

Abstract: An information processing device (10) includes: a first acquisition section (12) that acquires input data; a generation section that generates, from the input data, reservoir input data which is to be input to a quantum reservoir (20) having a plurality of layers of sub-reservoirs; a second acquisition section (12) that acquires an output result of the quantum reservoir to which the reservoir input data has been input; and an output data generation section (14) that generates output data with reference to the output result.

Abstract: To identify a microorganism causing the development of primary sclerosing cholangitis associated with ulcerative colitis. A Klebsiella pneumoniae strain inducing inflammation in the liver.

Abstract: A method for determining a risk of urothelial carcinoma may be based on the methylation level of DNA. A method for determining a risk of canceration of a urothelial tissue may involve detecting the DNA methylation level of a CpG site of at least one gene selected from TENM3, HOXC4, TLR1, CPVL and PRDM16 in genomic DNA preferably derived from a urothelial cell or a tissue containing the urothelial cell; and determining a risk of canceration of the urothelial tissue from the detected DNA methylation level.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an axon bundle obtained by a method of culturing a nerve cell aggregation having one spheroid and an axon bundle extending from the spheroid wherein the nerve cell aggregation consisting of a plurality of neurons having a cell body and an axon obtained by a method comprising the following step: supplying a culture medium to one first chamber, one second chamber and one channel having the length of at least 1 mm, the width of 100 to 150 ?m and the height of 100 to 200 ?m, which connecting said first chamber and second chamber, wherein said first chamber, second chamber, and channel are contained in one of the modules disposed in a culture plate, seeding the first chamber with a nerve cell derived from a stem cell or a spheroid of primary cultured nerve cells; and culturing said nerve cell, thereby growing an axon bundle from said spheroid and extending them into said channel, wherein the length of the axon bundle obtained is 1 mm or more, and the diameter of the axon bundles

Abstract: A cell culture medium for culturing organoid containing at least two types of components selected from the group consisting of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGH1), fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) and epiregulin (EREG), and at least one type of component among the following components i (to III); i) Wnt agonist, ii) bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) inhibitor, and iii) transforming growth factor-? (TGIF-?) inhibitor.

Abstract: The present invention provides a therapeutic agent for an immune/inflammatory disease comprising an anti-human TIGIT antibody, which activates a suppressive immune checkpoint molecule (TIGIT), as an active ingredient. Also, provided is an antibody having the following characteristics a) and b): a) the third CDR of heavy chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 b) the third CDR of light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6.

Abstract: An antibody against spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 is provided, the antibody having a specific heavy chain variable region and a specific light chain variable region, or a fragment of the antibody, the antibody or fragment thereof inhibiting the binding between the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 and ACE2, the antibody or fragment thereof inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 infection; and a pharmaceutical composition including the antibody or fragment thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, the pharmaceutical composition including two or more kinds of the antibody or fragment thereof.

Abstract: A supporting body includes a cluster of an alloy containing Pt and Co, and a support on which the cluster is supported. An amount of Pt supported is 1×10?14 ng/cm2 or more and 1×105 ng/cm2 or less.

Abstract: A finger exerciser includes: a frame on which a palm of a subject to be put; a movable section; a first fixing element; and a second fixing element. The movable is configured to move a first finger group of a subject. The first fixing element is configured to fix a position of the first finger group to the movable section. The second fixing element is configured to fix a position of a second finger group to the frame and has a band-like member including at least two attachment parts apart from each other in a longitudinal direction of the band-like member. The band-like member is attached to the frame at the attachment parts and includes a holder whose location to the frame is changeable. The band-like member is configured to hold the second finger group in a state where the band-like member is attached to the frame.

Abstract: The present invention is intended to provide a medicament for cyanide poisoning, hydrogen sulfide poisoning, and azide poisoning, wherein the medicament does not cause side effects, is excellent in immediate effectiveness, and has a high antidotal effect. Specifically, the present invention relates to a medicament for cyanide poisoning, hydrogen sulfide poisoning, and azide poisoning, wherein the medicament comprises, as an active ingredient(s), one or more selected from the group consisting of a heme protein capable of binding to cyanide ions (CN?), hydrogen sulfide ions (HS?) and azide ions (N3?), a substance containing a heme protein capable of binding to CN?, HS? and N3?, and a heme derivative capable of binding to CN?, HS? and N3?. More specifically, the present invention relates to a medicament or a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment or prophylaxis of cyanide poisoning, hydrogen sulfide poisoning, and azide poisoning.

Abstract: The result of orally administering saliva derived from a Crohn’s disease patient or an ulcerative colitis patient to germ-free mice has revealed that Th1 cells markedly increased in the colons. Further, from the bacterial microbiota in the intestines of the mice in which such an increase in Th1 cells were observed, bacteria have been successfully isolated which caused strong Th1 cell induction in the colon upon intestinal colonization.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to regulate the number of peripheral regulatory T cells in the gut and establish a novel therapeutic approach for a disease related to the cells. The present invention provides a therapeutic agent for a disease, comprising a substance having an effect of regulating an amount of peripheral regulatory T cells in the gut, wherein the substance is a substance activating or inhibiting afferent pathway of the hepatic branch of the vagus nerve, a substance activating or inhibiting efferent pathway of the left vagus nerve, or an agonist or an antagonist of a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor.