Abstract: A probe is connectable to a test instrument for measuring signals of a DUT, where the probe includes a probe head that includes multiple leads configured to connect to signal probe points of the DUT, and a sensor connected between two of the leads; at least one probe output configured to connect to the test instrument; a current detection circuit configured to detect current of the DUT through the sensor, and to provide a detected current signal; a voltage detection circuit configured to detect voltage of the DUT between the sensor and ground, and to provide a detected voltage signal; a combiner configured to combine the detected current signal and the detected voltage signal, and to provide a power signal indicating power of the DUT; and switches configured to selectively output at least one of the detected current signal, the detected voltage signal, and the power signal.

Abstract: A method is provided for detecting power of a periodic signal in a band of interest of the periodic signal having a predetermined bandwidth. The method includes determining frequencies of multiple tones in the periodic signal, respectively; receiving the periodic signal at a signal analyzer; selectively measuring power values at the frequencies of the multiple tones; and determining a band power of the periodic signal over the predetermined bandwidth by summing the power values at the frequencies of the multiple tones.

Abstract: A multilevel triggering system includes a trigger block library configured to store multiple triggering function modules for performing triggering functions to detect corresponding triggering conditions, respectively; and a triggering matrix including multiple triggering levels, each triggering level being configurable to include one or more trigger blocks and each trigger block being configurable to implement a triggering function module of the multiple triggering function modules, each trigger block generating a corresponding block trigger when the corresponding triggering condition of the triggering function module implemented by the trigger block is detected in a portion of an input signal. Each triggering level is configured to generate a corresponding level trigger when each of the one or more trigger blocks in the triggering level generates the corresponding block trigger.

Abstract: Systems and methods for testing a wireless device having a beamforming circuit are disclosed herein. An exemplary system includes a shielded test enclosure, a wireless channel emulator, and a test instrument. The shielded test enclosure provides a cable-free connection between the wireless device and the wireless channel emulator, thereby allowing for testing of various types of wireless devices, particularly those that do not have radio-frequency (RF) connectors. The shielded test enclosure is smaller in size and less-expensive than traditional multi-probe anechoic chambers. In one example application, the shielded test enclosure is used to house a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna array of a wireless device and a probe antenna array. The probe antenna array is coupled to the wireless channel emulator and used to receive signals from MIMO antenna arrays of various sizes thereby eliminating the need to uniquely tailor the probe antenna array to any specific MIMO antenna array.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and computer readable media for testing effects of simulated frame preemption and deterministic fragmentation of preemptable frames in a frame-preemption-capable network are disclosed. According to one method, a device under test including at least one processor simulates frame preemption by generating a plurality of simulated preempted frame fragments and an express frame. The test device deterministically orders, independently from MAC merge sublayer fragmentation and ordering, the simulated preempted frame fragments and the express frame for transmission to the DUT. The test device transmits the simulated preempted frame fragments and the express frame to the DUT in an order corresponding to the deterministic ordering. The test device receives a response of the DUT to the simulated preempted frame fragments and the express frame. The test device determines, based on the response of the DUT, whether the DUT operates in accordance with specifications for frame preemption.

Abstract: Systems for time-deterministic, distributed and synchronized execution for control, test and measurement applications, consisting of one or more modules (M0, . . . , Mn) that share at least one trigger signal and one clock signal and comprising a Time-Deterministic Processor, which uses the clock signal and one or more of the trigger signals shared by all modules (M0, . . . , Mn) to run a program distributed across multiple modules (M0, . . . , Mn) with precise control of instant of execution of each instruction and synchronize the execution of all or a subset of modules (M0, . . . , Mn). The Time-Deterministic Processor communicates with a common signal bus to all modules (M0, . . . , Mn), comprising a control bus which share at least a clock and trigger signals. Optionally, the signal bus includes a communication bus with which the time-deterministic processor in the modules (M0, . . . , Mn) communicates with each other and optionally with a host processor or external computer.

Abstract: A method for operating a data processing system to generate an estimate of radiative contamination at nodes in an RF circuit characterized by a plurality of circuit elements connected by metal traces on a circuit board are disclosed. The data processing system to receive information specifying a coupled radiation matrix based on the metal traces and a simulation of an RF circuit with the components connected by non-radiating nodes. The data processing system generates a coupled power list for at least one node of the model, each entry in the coupled power list includes a coupled power value indicating a power level received by EM radiation from another of the nodes.

Abstract: Conventional test systems can experience issues when attempting to test network nodes or system with realistic high speed forward error correction (FEC) encoded test data. For example, a test system may use a packet data generator to generate eight data streams or lanes of 50 Gigabits per second (Gbps) test data and may then use a multiplexer to combine the eight lanes into a 400 Gbps data stream for transmission using 4-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4). To generate a high speed data stream comprising multiple data lanes, the test system may be required to use a master clock or other time synchronization technique to keep the data lanes in sync. Further, to generate an FEC encoded high speed data stream comprising multiple data lanes, the test system may perform FEC encoding across all of the data lanes comprising the high speed data stream, which can make test data modifications difficult afterwards. Hence, issues can arise if a packet data generator lacks capabilities, e.g.

Abstract: A method for operating a data processing system and computer readable medium causing a data processing system to execute that method are disclosed. The method includes causing the data processing system to receive a plurality of first EDSs classified into a plurality of first clusters and a first RDS for each of the plurality of first clusters and displaying, a first display for each of the first clusters and a RDS for each of the first clusters. The data processing system receives information from a user specifying one or more of the first clusters to be further clustered to arrive at a specified number of second clusters into which the specified one or more first clusters are to be classified, and performing a second clustering on the selected clusters. The method also includes displaying a second display that includes a plurality of second EDSs, classified into the second clusters.

Abstract: Residual noise of a frequency mixer is detected. A reference clock is used to generate a first radio frequency (RF) signal, a second RF signal and a third RF signal. The first RF signal and the second RF signal serve as input to the frequency mixer. The reference clock is used to generate a third RF signal. The reference clock is also used to control timing in a detector device. A second frequency mixer mixes an output of the DUT with the third RF signal to produce an input signal for a detector device. Mixing the output of the DUT with the third RF signal cancels at least some of the phase noise within the output signal of the DUT that results from phase noise in the first RF signal and from phase noise in the second RF signal. The detector device detects residual phase noise existing within the input signal for the detector device.

Abstract: Illustrative systems and methods disclosed herein pertain to calibrating a wafer inspection apparatus. In one exemplary embodiment, a calibration system includes a wafer emulator in the form of a substrate having a first porthole extending from a bottom major surface of the substrate to a top major surface of the substrate. The first porthole accommodates a fixture that holds an optical fiber such that a proximal end of the optical fiber is coplanar to the top major surface of the substrate. The optical fiber has a light emitting profile that emulates a beam profile of a semiconductor laser element. A laser transmitter is coupled to a distal end of the optical fiber and propagates a laser beam through the optical fiber and out of the proximal end of the optical fiber. The wafer inspection apparatus is arranged to receive the laser beam and use the laser beam for calibration purposes.

Abstract: A receiver-implemented method is for measuring a periodically modulated signal. The method includes applying a received periodically modulated signal to a mixer of a receiver, the periodically modulated signal not synchronized with the receiver, and tuning a local oscillator (LO) of the mixer using an estimate of actual carrier frequency and an estimate of an arbitrary waveform generator (AWG) sampling rate to obtain a digitized intermediate frequency (IF) signal. The method further includes applying a short time Fourier transform (STFT) to the digitized IF signal, extracting a carrier frequency offset and a AWG sampling rate offset based on the applied STFT, compensating for the carrier frequency offset, and applying a digital correction to the STFT to compensate for the AWG sampling rate offset. Compensating for the carrier frequency offset may include retuning the LO to obtain a new digitized IF signal to which the digital correction is applied.

Abstract: A method is provided for testing an antenna array of a DUT using a probe antenna, the antenna array including multiple antenna elements. The method includes providing a correction table that includes predetermined correction data of differences between far field antenna patterns from different positions in a far field of the antenna array and a middle field antenna pattern from a position in a middle field of the antenna array, where the middle field satisfies near field criteria for the antenna array and satisfies far field criteria for each antenna element in the antenna array; measuring an antenna pattern at a first position in the middle field of the antenna array; retrieving predetermined correction data from the correction table corresponding to a second position located in the far field of the antenna array; and translating the measured antenna pattern to the far field by adding the retrieved predetermined correction data.

Abstract: A method for testing an antenna array uses a probe antenna to measure an RF signal antenna pattern of the antenna array. The method includes measuring the RF signal antenna pattern at a first position and at a second position relative to the antenna array. The first position and the second position are located at different distances from the antenna array in a middle field of the antenna array. The middle field satisfies near field criteria for the antenna array and also satisfies far field criteria for each antenna element of the plurality of antenna elements in the antenna array. The method further includes determining, based on the first measurement and based on the second measurement, the RF signal antenna pattern at a third position relative to the antenna array located in a far field of the antenna array.

Abstract: A method for operating a data processing system to analyze data sets for groupings and a computer readable medium having instructions to execute that method are disclosed. The method includes causing the data processing system to receive a plurality of data sets, each data set including a plurality of values characterized by a statistical distribution and a label. The method also includes causing the data processing system to compute a plurality of statistical parameters for each of the plurality of data sets, to generate a data set vector having components equal to the plurality of statistical parameters for each of the plurality of data sets, to assign each data set to a cluster based on the data set vectors using a clustering algorithm, and to generate a display of the statistical distributions as a function of the labels in which the statistical distributions belonging to the same cluster are grouped together.

Abstract: A device for detecting and selectively reflecting an incident microwave signal or millimeter-wave signal is disclosed. The device includes a plurality of antennae disposed in an array; and a diode disposed at each input of each antenna, each diode having an input adapted to selectively receive a reverse bias signal, or a zero bias signal, or a forward bias signal. The device also includes a switching device connected to each input, and configured to selectively apply the forward bias signal, or the reverse bias signal or the zero bias signal to each of the diodes. In forward bias, each of the plurality of antennae reflects the incident microwave signal or millimeter wave signal; and in zero bias or reverse bias each of the plurality of antennae detects the incident microwave signal or millimeter wave signal.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for using a signal analyzer are disclosed. The apparatus includes an input port having a first plurality of input channels. The input port generates a digital data stream from each of the first plurality of input channels. The apparatus also includes a trigger bank having a second plurality of trigger processors, each trigger processor receiving a digital data stream chosen from the digital data streams and generating a trigger output having one of a plurality of possible values from the digital data stream. A trigger combiner that receives each of the trigger outputs and generates a trigger signal if the combined trigger outputs satisfy a predetermined criterion. A controller copies the digital data streams to a memory and copies the trigger processor outputs to the memory in response to the trigger combiner generating the trigger signal.

Abstract: A phase lock loop (PLL) includes a phase detector configured to output a signal indicative of a phase difference between a reference signal and a feedback signal, a loop filter configured to filter an output of the phase detector, and a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) configured to output an oscillating signal having a frequency corresponding to an output of the loop filter. The PLL further includes a frequency divider configured to output the feedback signal by frequency dividing the oscillating signal output by the VCO, and a reset circuit configured to reset the frequency divider in an initialization mode such that a phase difference between the reference signal and the feedback signal corresponds to a lock angle of the PLL.

Abstract: A method for operating a data processing system having a display screen on which a GUI is displayed is disclosed. The GUI has a plurality of configurations having different aspect ratios or numbers of pixels. The method includes providing a layout description and a runtime system that generates the GUI in response to the layout description and the display configuration. The layout description defines a first container having a plurality of components to be shown in the GUI within a first container space. Each component has a component layout description within the first container. The runtime system automatically allocates the first container space depending on the display configuration, and automatically divides the first container space into a plurality of component spaces. Each component is shown in a corresponding one of the component spaces. The first container space and the component spaces automatically change when the display configuration changes.

Abstract: An oscillator generates a radio frequency (RF) output signal having high phase shift versus frequency characteristics close to a desired output frequency of the oscillator. The oscillator includes a resonator having a resonant frequency that is substantially the same as the desired output frequency of the oscillator, where the resonator provides a reflected signal; a resistor connected to one port of the resonator, another port of the resonator being connected to ground; an amplifier configured to receive the reflected signal from the resonator and to output an amplified reflected signal as the RF output signal; and a circulator having a first port connected to the resonator via the resistor, a second port connected to an input of the amplifier, and a third port connected to an output of the amplifier such that the amplified reflected signal is input back to the resonator.