Abstract: A large bale press for cylindrical and/or rectangular bales of cut blade material comprises a compression chamber having an input opening for the blade material, a discharge opening for the finished bales, a take-up unit for the cut blade material, and a conveyer drum between the take-upunit and the input opening. One or more typing mechanisms each having a swivel yarn guide and swivel needle, effects wrapping of a corresponding number of yarn strands around the bale. The discharge opening is formed by pivoting part of the compression chamber about a horizontal axis.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the pyrometallurgical treatment of fine grained solids such as non-ferrous metal ore concentrates with an oxygen-containing gas wherein the solids are mixed with the gas to form a suspension which is blown through a nozzle into a reaction chamber such as a vertical melting cyclone. In the reaction chamber, the solids are brought to reaction and melted. The invention is concerned with injecting a particle stream through the reaction zone as a focused open jet having mass flow velocity of greater than 50 kg/m.sup.2.sec and having a linear speed of more than 35 m/sec. The particle stream is ignited by the hot combustion gases thereof or by a pilot flame. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the particle stream is directed along a horizontal secant of the chamber to the opposite wall.

Abstract: A filter structure including a circular housing and annularly disposed individual filter chambers each containing a layer of bulk filter material with a centrally located waste channel having openings leading from each of the chambers above the surface of the filter material, an outer jet for each chamber for directing a cleaning agent along the top of the filter material, a separate supply for fresh filter material at the top of each chamber, clean gas discharge conduits located below the individual filter chambers and a cleaning gas jet connected to each of the clean gas discharge conduits leading downwardly from each of the chambers.

Abstract: A turbocharger for an internal combustion engine has a turbine casing including an inlet opening from which radially internally and radially external spiral paths extend. These spiral paths have a common partition, and the exhaust gas inlet cross-section of the turbine casing can be varied by a control element for the purpose of adapting the characteristic curve of the turbocharger to different operating ranges of the internal combustion engine. And, the spiral paths are in hydrodynamic communication through orifice areas provided in the partition, with such orifice areas being spaced an equal distance from one another in the direction of flow of the exhaust gas, and the spiral paths extend substantially over the entire peripheral area of the turbine wheel.

Abstract: A jigging machine comprises at least one pulsation chamber, particularly for finest grain sizing of coal or other minerals which traverse the jigging machine on the jig bed which is shorter in the direction of motion of the minerals that at right angles to the direction of motion, whereby the jigging machine is designed as a bottom-pulsed machine. The jigging machine comprises curved lateral walls whose curvature is such that only tensile stresses occur in the walls, is designed suspended in an upper frame, and has the pulsation chamber disposed immediately below the jig bed which rests on cross tie rods.

Abstract: The invention relates to a seal means for couplings in gas conduits, particularly for the complete capture of hot exhaust gases which are conducted into a gas stack, for example the exhaust gases of coal gasification reactor. The invention provides a coupling which is gas-tight and pressure-proof, is employable in all attitudes, vertically, horizontally, obliquely, and which exhibits only slight overall height. The invention provides that the gas stack is closed relative to the reactor by means of a sealing element which is designed axially and/or radially movable, preferably as a telescope seal. The sealing element preferably includes compensator bellows for the absorption of the axially and radially effective forces.

Abstract: The apparatus for binding rolled bales comprises at least one reel of twine, a twine guiding device for guiding the hank of twine along the surface of the bale to be bound and a control device for the twine guiding device, comprising a rope sheave and a set of gears. The twine guiding device comprises two spaced twine guiding arms staggered with respect to one another which may be pivoted in the opposite direction one from the other from an initial position, in which the two arms cross over one another, to a maximum position, in which the two ends of the bale are simultaneously bound, to an end position, which corresponds essentially to the initial position.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the manufacture of calcareous bonding agents, particularly cement, through the burning of finely grained substances by means of hot gases. The finely grained materials in the form of a suspension pass through a preheating and calcining zone where ordinarily accumulations of alkali and chlorine leading to deposits and incrustations in the lines would occur. In order to minimize such deposit formation, a branch stream of suspended particles is removed from the main stream and the finely grained solid matter contained therein is burned to clinker in a separate reaction zone in suspension with a combustible gas. The airborne clinker thus produced may be eventually recombined with the clinker produced from the main line stream which passes through a rotary kiln.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for burning fine grained material, particularly for the manufacture of cement clinker whereby the product quality is enhanced. At least a portion of the exhaust gases from the kiln at a temperature of about 1000.degree. to 1300.degree. C. are cooled by passing them through a steam generator to a temperature of about 200.degree. to 300.degree. C. At least a portion of the noxious substances such as alkali chlorides and sulfur are condensed out of the gas stream as well as possibly some mineral particles such as partially deacidified kiln dust. The materials condensed out of the gas are separated in the steam generator by means of periodic or continuous cleaning of the heating surfaces of the steam generator. The steam which is generated in the generator is conducted to at least one prime mover such as a steam turbine or a steam motor for the purpose of producing electrical or mechanical energy.

Abstract: A method for the production of reaction gases consisting essentially of carbon monoxide and hydrogen in which reactants including a carbonaceous source, slag formers and an oxygen-containing gas are directed in the form of jets through nozzles under the surface of a molten metal bath in a reactor to produce said reaction gases. These reaction gases are then passed to a metallurgical reduction reactor wherein exhaust gases are produced containing carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, water vapor and hydrogen. In accordance with the present invention, at least a portion of the exhaust gases from the metallurgical reduction reactor are recycled into heat exchange relationship with nozzles in the reactor to cool the same. The invention also contemplates recycling additional portions of the exhaust gases to combine them with the oxygen-containing gas entering the reactor, and to serve as a suspending medium for the carbonaceous source or the slag formers.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the thermal treatment of mineral raw materials for the manufacture of cement clinker wherein the raw materials are separately preheated and at least partially calcined in separate first and second preheating systems. One of the systems is charged with a mixture of raw materials and fuel, usually a low-grade fuel, to produce calcined meal and exhaust gases. The exhaust gases are passed from the first preheating system into the second preheating system to aid in preheating and calcining the raw materials therein. The calcined meals from both the first and second preheating systems are jointly introduced into a burning system to form cement clinker which is then cooled in the usual way. Additionally, exhaust gases from the burning system and from the cooler can be passed into the second preheating system for preheating and calcining the raw materials.

Abstract: An apparatus for the calcination of fine grained material, particularly material used to produce cement clinker employing at least two separate, essentially parallel preheater lines, one of which is treated with exhaust gases from a clinker-forming zone and the other is equipped with a calcination zone which itself is fed by hot combustion air from the clinker cooler. In the area of the preheater line which is attached to the exhaust gas conduit of the clinker-forming zone, a divider device is arranged for dividing the stream of material. A first conduit directs a portion of the material into the exhaust gas conduit of the clinker-forming zone and a second conduit directs material into the calcination zone. The calcination zone is in the form of a vertical reaction duct having a downwardly bent pipe at its upper end. There is also provided a conduit which connects the vertical reaction duct with the exhaust means for hot gases in the clinker-forming zone.

Abstract: An apparatus for rapid burning of thermally pretreated, at least partially calcined fine grained product to produce cememt clinker which includes a thermal reactor having a firing chamber and means for introducing the product to be treated in concurrent flow with and in the area of a flame in the firing chamber. The means for introducing the product includes a vertical shaft which discharges into the firing chamber, together with a deflector which is disposed in the area of the discharge orifice of the shaft, the deflector serving to deflect the hot product which strikes the deflector with substantial kinetic energy due to the force of gravity. The product is broken up into small particles by impacting with the deflector, and is directed substantially parallel to the flame in the firing chamber. The deflector extends at an obtuse angle relative to the axis of the shaft. The apparatus can be connected to a fuel supply and can be utilized as a burner.

Abstract: A mechanism and method for calcining cement including a precalciner and a rotary tubular kiln receiving material therefrom and discharging through a vertical conduit to a cooler, means for delivering air through the cooler to flow up through the conduit to the kiln with a laterally movable plate type valve controllably positioned in the shaft to increase the resistance to gas flow from the cooler to the kiln and a branch conduit for receiving excess air from the cooler as tertiary air and delivering the air to the precalciner with means for separating a dust from the tertiary air.

Abstract: A rotary kiln construction of the type where a cylindrical kiln is supported for rotation on an annular bearing ring wherein the ring has an inner circumference larger than the outer circumference of the kiln cylinder and a plurality of spacing plates are arranged around the circumference of the cylinder to support the bearing ring concentrically with the cylinder, supporting assemblies for the spacing plates including a support element welded on the cylinder with abutment strips preventing axial displacement of the bearing ring and angle lugs preventing axial displacement of the spacing plates with the support assemblies located axially opposite each other so as to hold the plates between them and permit withdrawal of the plates from either axial direction.

Abstract: The present invention deals with a chute for a kiln intake housing of a rotary tubular kiln or the like, the chute having a lining composed of a refractory material and a double-walled, inwardly facing collar disposed at the lower end thereof, the collar functioning to support the lower end of the refractory lining within its metal jacket and the collar being equipped with a special coolant circulating device. The inner end of the collar is composed of support segments which are connected to each other and to a holding means, the interior space of the collar being subdivided as required in order to provide for an induced circulation of a coolant.

Abstract: An instrument and control panel for a vehicle, preferably an agricultural machine, having a forwardly facing driver's seat is provided to the right-hand side of the seat and has an upper wall which is inclined to the horizontal and extends upwardly back in the travel direction. This upper wall is formed with at least two recesses each having a base, a front side at an obtuse angle to the respective base, and a back side. Instruments and controls are mounted on the front side and base of the two recesses. The rear recess may be laterally closed while the front recess is transversely open in both directions for best driver view past the instrument control panel.

Abstract: A cyclone heat exchanger particularly adapted for direct heat exchange between a granular product and hot exhaust gases from a kiln used in the production of cement, the heat exchanger comprising a housing, a gas feed pipe introducing hot gases tangentially of the housing, a cover extending across the top of the housing, a discharge at the base of the housing for discharging product therefrom. The improvement consists of an immersion pipe extending through the cover and into the housing, the immersion pipe consisting of a plurality of segments extending in the longitudinal direction of the immersion pipe. Holding devices are provided for releasably holding segments in the cover.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for burning cement clinker from differing mineral base materials. One of the base materials has a relatively high proportion of components which form melt phases at a predetermined temperature and another base material has a relatively slight proportion of such components. The two base materials are separately thermally pretreated. The base material higher in melt phases is at least partially melted after thermal pretreatment and is introduced into a clinker reactor in its molten state together with the thermally pretreated base material which is lower in melt phases and still exists in the solid phase. The mixture is heat treated and finish-burned into clinker in the clinker reactor. The invention also comprehends apparatus for performing the method of the invention.

Abstract: A governor for adjusting a control-rod stop in a fuel-injection pump for an internal combustion engine. A controlling element is provided on the control-rod stop of the fuel injection pump, to which a throttled pressure fluid is fed, the discharge of which is controlled by a proportionally operating solenoid valve. An equilibrium prevails in the solenoid valve between the magnetic field applied to the solenoid armature and the compressive forces of the pressurized fluid. Depending on the magnitude of the respective forces, a larger or smaller discharge area can be unblocked thereby releasing or spilling the pressurized fluid.