Abstract: A hollow fiber membrane gas separation apparatus of a compact design suitable for separation and purification of gases is disclosed. The apparatus comprises an outer housing that consists of a detachable bowl and a head closure, and a removable hollow fiber membrane cartridge positioned therein. The cartridge contains a concentric tubular inner core member and is surrounded by a shell and at least one end closure. The cartridge is attached by its first axial end in a sealed and removable manner to a gas flow conduit positioned coaxially in the housing closure wherein the conduit is in fluid communication with a gas inlet or product gas outlet port formed in the housing head closure and by its second axial end to a waste gas exit port in the bowl. The feed gas inlet port and the product gas outlet port in the head closure are spaced in a straight line for a short overall distance providing for a linear connection with other components of a gas separation system, which is a preferred system component packaging.

Abstract: To provide a process gas supply mechanism for ALCVD systems that enables the high speed switching of process gases without accompanying particulate contamination of the treatment substrate. The ALCVD system is provided with a CVD treatment section and a process gas supply section. The process gas supply section contains a reactant gas line and a carrier gas line; these are combined to form a joint flow line. A vent line is connected to the reactant gas line upstream from the joint flow position. A stop valve SV and a needle valve NV are disposed in the vent line. This needle valve NV functions as a setting means in order to set the flow rate of the gas flowing in the vent line. The stop valve SV is driven through repetitive switching operations by a drive control element, thereby effecting supply and nonsupply of the reactant gas.

Abstract: In this process, during at least one phase of the treatment cycle, the gas outflow is increased or decreased locally in at least one marginal region of the packing. Application to drying/CO2 removal of atmospheric air intended to be distilled, or to the separation of gaseous mixtures by pressure modulated adsorption.

Abstract: The invention relates to a procedure for determining the risk of flammability of a mixture of two reactive gases A, B, in an inert or base gas, which includes: a step of determining, in the flammability diagram for the A/B/base gas mixture, the change in the composition of the mixture in order to determine whether or not the composition has passed through the flammability region of the flammability diagram, when A is firstly injected into the inert or base gas to form a first mixture and then B is injected into the first mixture in order to form the final mixture; a step of comparing the mixing time, should the region have been passed through, with the chemical induction time for the mixture.

Abstract: The pressurized waste nitrogen (11) from a column of an air separation unit (10) is sent, optionally after being compressed, to a combustion chamber (15) where it is heated, to a turbine (17) in which it is expanded and again to the combustion chamber (15) where it is mixed with the flue gases in order to give up waste heat thereto.

Abstract: There are provided a detector agent which is effectively discolored at a lower concentration for various halogen compounds and a method for detecting halogen compounds by use of said detector agent. A detector agent for halogen compounds, which contains curcumin or Bromocresol Green as a discoloring component, and said discoloring component is preferably supported on granular activated alumina.

Abstract: A gas separation module includes an adsorbent filter medium inside the case that holds the active gas separation membrane. The adsorbent filter is positioned upstream of the membrane and is operative to extract from the feed gas contaminants which adversely affect membrane separation performance and which if not removed, would cause the membrane separation performance to deteriorate. The adsorbent filter fits within vacant space in conventionally-sized hollow fiber membrane modules and thus can obviate the need to install an external adsorbent filter upstream of the module and/or to enlarge the space occupied by the module to accommodate addition of the internal adsorbent medium.

Abstract: The heat exchanger can be used for the vaporization of a pressurized liquid and comprises at least one passage way (P) for a liquid extending in a first direction, being provided with exchange waves that are substantially parallel to the first direction and comprising at least one redistribution area associated with at least one lateral collector in an intermediate area of the length thereof, in addition to being provided with deviation waves extending in at least one second direction forming an angle with the first direction, whereby the redistribution area takes up the entire width of the passage way, in a crosswise position with respect to the first direction, whereby the deviation waves communicate with the exchange waves. The deviation waves are essentially as rigid as the exchange waves. The invention can be used with exchangers in pumped air-distillation devices.

Abstract: This process comprises a phase for detecting (26) the presence of the fire, as well as a phase for extinguishing this fire, comprising a phase of projecting (by 24), into the compartment (16), an extinguishing fluid, in particular water, as well as a phase of generating (by 2) air enriched in inert gas, from a source (5) of compressed air internal to the airplane, and a phase of admitting (by 10 and 12) at least a portion of this enriched air into the compartment (16).

Abstract: The device comprises a monobloc subassembly (1) of cast stainless steel comprising a principal portion in the form of a disc (4) mounted on a collar (2) of the reservoir (3) and defining at least two channels (8, 9) for the passage of fluid, typically for filling, communication with the atmosphere, and withdrawal of liquid and gaseous phases reheated by atmospheric reheaters (23; 30) for the supply (31) of a controlled gaseous flow. Application particularly to cryogenic reservoirs for medical oxygen for oxygen therapy.

Abstract: To reduce the level of oxygen concentration in the waste gases emitted by the stack of such installations, according to the invention, connecting means (15) connect the respective internal spaces of a chamber (13), for discharging an inert gas miscible with oxygen and of lower density than air, such as nitrogen, and of the stat (2); thus, this inert gas is mixed with at least the oxygen flowing through the stack and the mixture obtained is discharged with a velocity at least equal to approximately 7 m/s at the exit of the stack.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for improving conditions in closed circuit seafood and fish farming, comprising the following steps: a) at least part of the water from at least one of the rearing ponds (1) is recycled, whereby said water is treated one or more times and purified (3, 4, 5) before it is re-injected into said pond; b) the water recycled during the recycling path indicated in step a) is mixed with a new supply of water (10); c) all or part of the recycled water (21, 22) undergoes ozonization and, wherever applicable, the new supply of water (20) also undergoes ozonization either partially or in full before it is mixed with the re-circulated water.

Abstract: This method relates to the production of a package (33) by assembling a fluid-confining internal structure (1), an external structure (2) surrounding the internal structure, and at least one functional item of equipment (12, 15) on at least the internal structure. The internal structure (1) is pre-equipped before it is introduced into the external structure (2) by being pulled in along a longitudinal axis of the package. The method is applicable to the construction of packages of air-distillation columns surrounded by their support framework.

Abstract: A method and a system for diagnosing and/or solving, in particular remotely, a given technical problem likely to arise before, during or after a heat treatment operation on metals, in particular in the welding or cutting field, and to provide the most suitable solution thereto, and to do so by minimizing the time needed to solve this problem and therefore by reducing the loss of productivity likely to occur because of this technical problem.

Abstract: According to this process, there is supplied to the passengers a first fraction of air enriched in oxygen from independent supply elements, in particular high pressure cylinders (16), during a descent phase of the aircraft between a normal cruising altitude and an intermediate rerouting altitude. There is moreover compressed air taken from a source of compressed air belonging to the aircraft, to produce (in 2) a second fraction of the air enriched in oxygen which is delivered to the passengers, at least during a phase of stabilized flight of the aircraft, adjacent the re-routing altitude, greater than 5,500 meters.

Abstract: To reduce the level of oxygen concentration in the waste gases emitted by the stack of such installations, according to the invention, connecting means (15) connect the respective internal spaces of a chamber (13), for discharging an inert gas miscible with oxygen and of lower density than air, such as nitrogen, and of the stack (2); thus, this inert gas is mixed with at least the oxygen flowing through the stack and the mixture obtained is discharged with a velocity at least equal to approximately 7 m/s at the exit of the stack.

Abstract: An evaporator has main passages placed in a heat-exchange relationship, an arrangement for forming a pool of the liquid to be evaporated so that it flows through at least a first of the main passages, and a device for introducing a refrigerant into at least a second of the main passages so that evaporation of the liquid is ensured.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a device for generating a two-phase gas-particle jet for treating surfaces by means of particles, in particular CO2 dry ice particles (22), using a two-phase gas-particle jet. To this end, the CO2 dry ice particles (22) are fed with a, tangential flow to a blasting chamber (30) in such a manner that the CO2 dry ice particles (22) are forced into a rotational movement about an axis of flow (50), the angular velocity of this rotational movement then being increased in the direction of flow by means of a blasting nozzle (40), so that maximum speeds occur in the blasting-nozzle outlet (42). The two-phase gas-particle jet emerging from the blasting-nozzle outlet (42) is formed in such a way that the solid-phase CO2 dry ice particles (22) are arranged in a uniform ring shape with an enlarged external diameter. The invention achieves in particular a considerable rise in the surface power when cleaning surfaces by means of CO2 dry ice particles (22).

Abstract: A process for combustion with the aid of a liquid fuel and a gaseous oxidizer containing from 20% to 100% volume of oxygen, in which the fuel is injected with the aid of an injector. The injector, which has a height “d”, is placed inside a glory hole. The glory hole has a height “D” at the end thereof corresponding to the ejection of the gaseous mixture towards the zone of heating of a charge. A coefficient “S” in the following equation is maintained at a value less than or equal to 1 for substantially the entire duration of combustion to ensure the stability of the flame.

Abstract: Process for manufacturing a welded pipe from a metal strip having two longitudinal edges approximately parallel to each other, which are brought together so as to come approximately into contact with each other and thus form an unwelded pre-tube, the pre-tube then being welded in order to join the edges together. The two edges are welded together to obtain a welded metal pipe by using, approximately simultaneously, at least one laser beam and at least one electric arc, that is to say using a hybrid arc/laser, preferably plasma/laser, welding process. This process can be used to produce weld seams of rectilinear, helicoidal or spiraled shape.