Abstract: In the operation of an MPLS network or the like, a network node receives a plurality of packets assigned to a label switched path (LSP) which exits the node on a link bundle. The node forwards the received packets such that packets assigned to the LSP are distributed over two or more distinct component links of the bundle.

Abstract: A method for performing network control in wireless communication systems and a network entity for performing the same. The method and network entity pool at least one network parameter at the network entity, from at least two active set base transceiver stations and determine a current status of a mobile in the wireless communication system, using the pooled network parameters. The active set base transceiver stations may include a serving base transceiver station and a target base transceiver station. The network parameter may be a confidence metric and/or an error metric for each of a plurality of hypotheses, a power up/power down signal, and/or a measured signal-to-noise ratio and/or energy parameter of a pilot signal from the mobile. The current status of the mobile to be determined may be the mobile's decision to switch to the target base transceiver station transceiver or which base transceiver station transceiver the mobile is currently communication with.

Abstract: Apparatus in one example comprises network controller(s) that serve to communicatively couple first network component with second network component. The first network component sends signaling message for the second network component to one or more of the network controller(s). The signaling message comprises indication of specific network connection(s) usable by the first network component. One or more of the network controller(s) serve to replace the indication of the specific network connection(s) usable by the first network component in the signaling message with wild card network connection information. The one or more of the network controller(s) serve to send the signaling message that comprises the wild card network connection information to the second network component. The wild card network connection information indicates the second network component is allowed to indicate to one or more of the network controller(s) specific network connection(s) usable by the second network component.

Abstract: The disclosed embodiments relate to a communication system and method. The system may comprise a pre-whitening device that applies pre-whitening data to a received signal from an antenna array to produce a pre-whitened signal, at least one detector that is adapted to recognize a pattern corresponding to a request for access in the pre-whitened signal and compute correlation data corresponding to the pattern, and a threshold detector that determines whether the correlation data exceeds a threshold and indicates that an acknowledgement signal should be transmitted if the threshold is exceeded. The method may comprise the acts of creating a pre-whitened signal by applying pre-whitening data to a received signal, detecting a pattern that corresponds to a request for access in the pre-whitened signal, computing correlation data corresponding to the pattern, determining whether the correlation data exceeds a threshold, and indicating that an acknowledgement signal should be transmitted if the threshold is exceeded.

Abstract: The amount of TCP/IP packets which can be sent from an Internet network to a wireless network is maximized by modifying a receive window value of an acknowledgment (ACK) before the ACK is sent on to a source of data packets within the Internet network. The receive window value is modified to take into consideration delay and rate variations which occur in the wireless network.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for allocating control and data time slots to a plurality of wireless mobile stations in a wireless communication system using time division multiplexing. The methods and apparatuses assign such time slots by first placing the wireless mobile stations into a number of different groups. Then, control time slots and anchor data time slots are assigned to the groups in the uplink and downlink frames of a carrier such that the uplink control time slot for each group is maximally spaced in time relative to the downlink control time slot for the same group. Data time slots are subsequently assigned to a particular mobile station by assigning time slots in the uplink and downlink frames which are as close as possible to the group's uplink or downlink anchor data time slots, as the case may be, according to a “grow from center” technique.

Abstract: A packet-based traffic forwarding system with a plurality of contending queues. Each queue has an allocated bandwidth and an associated borrow vector. When a first queue does not consume all of its allocated bandwidth, the borrow vector associated with a second queue is checked to determine whether the second queue is permitted to use the unconsumed allocated bandwidth of the first queue. If the second queue has packets to forward, the second queue forwards the packets using the unconsumed allocated bandwidth of the first queue.

Abstract: A scheduler and a method for scheduling transmissions to a plurality of users in a communication network assigns a higher target minimum throughput for receiving a next transmission to a user based on a quality of service (QoS) class of the user. A token count that tracks the user's achieved performance relative to a target minimum throughput Is determined for each user in given timeslot, and a weight is determined for each user based on one or more of the token count and a current rate requested by the user. A user having the highest weight as determined by a weight function is scheduled to be served the next transmission. User priority for scheduling may be downgraded if an average data rate requested by the user is less than the target minimum throughput.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for routing messages in a network includes first filters to provide frequency-based message signals converted from an optically-based signal and mixers adapted to mix the frequency-based message signals with sub-carriers to generate frequency-based sub-carrier modulated message signals. A frequency generator connected to the mixers provides the sub-carriers to the mixers and a combiner connected to the mixers combines the frequency-based sub-carrier modulated message signals. Second filters connected to the combiner receive and group the frequency-based sub-carrier modulated message signals. Optical transmitters connected to second filters optically convert and transmit the frequency-based sub-carrier modulated message signals. The frequency generator generates and applies a particular sub-carrier frequency to one of the mixers according to information contained in the frequency-based message signal.

Abstract: A method for determining a master ring for an optical communications network having nodes arranged in a plurality of interconnected ring structures. (A master ring is a ring structure which contains every node in the network exactly once, and which also respects the node ordering of every individual ring.) An efficient solution to the master ring problem is provided by advantageously limiting the enumeration process based on the consistency of the enumeration of individual rings with each other. Illustratively, an intersection graph of the network is generated; one or more of the rings is chosen and possible openings of each of these rings are enumerated; and a limited number of possible openings of one or more other (i.e., non-chosen) rings are enumerated such that the enumeration of the possible openings of the other (i.e., non-chosen) rings are consistent therewith.

Abstract: A technique for random early drop (RED) with per-hop-behavior (PHB) biasing involves breaking RED parameters into queue-specific parameters and packet-specific parameters. Each queue has associated queue-specific parameters. Each packet has an associated traffic class. The packet-specific parameters are related to the traffic class of the packet. The queue-specific and packet-specific parameters are then both used in RED procedures, thereby providing a PHB bias from using packet-specific parameters. The technique provides for absolute queue size support that can be dynamically changed based upon available memory resource levels.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an access point for a wireless local area network. The access point is arranged to service its stations by using a Point Coordination Function protocol and to monitor overlap with neighbouring access points. To mitigate overlap, the access point and overlapping neigbouring access points synchronize in such a way that the access point can service its stations in an overlap areas during a certain servicing time, while the overlapping neighbouring access points are silent, and vice versa. A silence trade-off mechanism is used to assure that overlapping access points get their fair share of available bandwidth.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a formatter, a method of formatting encoded symbols and a wireless communication system employing the same. In one embodiment, the formatter includes a symbol generator that provides a plurality of encoded symbols from a bit stream. The formatter also includes a symbol mapping organizer that maps the plurality of encoded symbols into information cells, each having a unique space coordinate, time coordinate and degree of freedom within a frequency band. The information cells are arranged in a parallelopiped communication resource volume.

Abstract: The present invention provides, in one embodiment, an apparatus. The apparatus, without limitation, may include a substrate with a surface, and a polymer layer attached to a region of the surface. The apparatus may further include a plurality of nanostructures, a first end of each nanostructure being in the polymer layer and a second end of each nanostructure protruding through the polymer layer, wherein the nanostructures are configured to move from a first position to a second position in response to a change in thickness of the polymer layer from a first thickness to a second thickness.

Abstract: A high-speed optical modulator constructed from a number of lower speed intensity modulators integrated onto a single optical chip.

Abstract: A reconfigurable radio access network architecture may connect a base station with different base station controllers. By enabling direct connections between the base station and a plurality of base station controllers, a serving base station controller may directly connected to base stations in soft handoff with a wireless unit, thereby reducing the differential delays between signals received by the base stations. The reconfigurable access system reduces the need for having additional base station controllers beyond the serving base station controller involved in communications with a wireless unit.

Abstract: Connections between communication nodes are established along a ring, with nodes at successive positions along the ring and two-way point to point communication connections between pairs of the nodes at successive positions along the ring. Data addressed to a node is split into parts that are transmitted to the node along opposite directions along the ring. Intermediate nodes forward the data. The nodes monitor the connections and other nodes to detect whether there is a failure of transmission along any direction and, if there is a failure along one of the directions, suppressing transmitting all of the data in a failing one of the directions.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for generating chirped return-to-zero (CRZ) differential quadrature phase-shift keyed (DQPSK) optical signals using a single modulator driven by synchronous return-to-zero (RZ) drive signals to achieve simultaneous RZ pulse formatting and chirped DQPSK data modulation.

Abstract: A joint “packet-optical” layer restoration mechanism protects against single, packet-layer router failures by managing network resources from both the packet layer and the optical transport layer in a synergistic manner. It reuses packet-layer router service-ports and/or transport-layer service wavelengths associated with optical switch-ports instead of reserving additional standby packet-layer router service-ports. It can reuse resources from primary paths that are unaffected by router failures and paths that exist for link-failure protection at the optical layer. Embodiments feature a modified node structure that includes both an IP router and a dynamically reconfigurable OXC, which dynamically establishes connectivity between IP-router ports and transport-layer optical fibers. The joint-layer router provides fine-granularity grooming at the IP layer and full-fledged wavelength networking via dynamic wavelength switching and/or wavelength translation at the optical layer.

Abstract: A portable wireless network gateway aggregates bandwidth demand of different devices operating under different communications protocols. Network connectivity is provided by encapsulating data from the different devices to make the data appear to be data native to a single network. For example, the single network is a cellular wireless network. The different communications protocols include but are not limited to IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.3, USB, cellular wireless protocols, Bluetooth, RS-232, and IEEE 11.1R.