Abstract: Described herein is a carbon-efficient bicarbonate electrolyzer and assembly. In some embodiments, an electrolyzer assembly comprises: a cathode disposed in a cathode chamber having ports for receiving a bicarbonate (HCO3?) solution; an anode disposed in an anode chamber having ports for receiving an anolyte; a cation exchange membrane disposed between the cathode chamber and the anode chamber; and a buffer layer disposed between the cathode chamber and the cation exchange membrane. In some embodiments, the electrolyzer assembly is configured to convert the bicarbonate (HCO3?) solution to a formate (OOCH?) solution by movement of cations from the anode to the cathode via the cation exchange membrane.

Abstract: Resonators comprising a single-crystalline semiconductor, and related systems and methods, are generally described.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a human cell atlas of the colon from healthy and diseased subjects. The atlas was obtained by single sequencing of about 117,000 cells. The present invention discloses novel markers for cell types. Moreover, genes associated with disease are identified in the colon and colon specific cell types. The invention provides for diagnostic assays based on gene markers and cell composition, as well as target cell types that express genes associated with disease. Finally, disclosed are novel cell types and methods of quantitating, detecting and isolating the cell types.

Abstract: A sensor for detecting an analyte can include a photoluminescent nanostructure embedded in a sensor porous planar substrate. The sensor porous planar substrate can be supported by a substrate porous planar substrate.

Abstract: Described are systems and techniques for extracting frequency and voltage harmonic transients corresponding to individual load events. Such systems and techniques can be used to make electrical loads aware of the operation of other loads in an electric grid. Thus, awareness is achieved using information derived only from a utility voltage waveform at a load. Also described are systems and techniques for incorporating such awareness into load controllers which allows loads to autonomously meet system level objectives in addition to their individual requirements.

Abstract: In certain embodiments, the invention is directed to apparatus comprising a liquid-impregnated surface, said surface comprising an impregnating liquid and a matrix of solid features spaced sufficiently close to stably contain the impregnating liquid therebetween or therewithin, and methods thereof. In some embodiments, one or both of the following holds: (i) 0<??0.25, where ? is a representative fraction of the projected surface area of the liquid-impregnated surface corresponding to non-submerged solid at equilibrium; and (ii) Sow(a)<0, where Sow(a) is spreading coefficient, defined as ?wa??wo??oa, where ? is the interfacial tension between the two phases designated by subscripts w, a, and o, where w is water, a is air, and o is the impregnating liquid.

Abstract: A quantum computer uses interactions between atomic ensembles mediated by an optical cavity mode to perform quantum computations and simulations. Using the cavity mode as a bus enables all-to-all coupling and execution of non-local gates between any pair of qubits. Encoding logical qubits as collective excitations in ensembles of atoms enhances the coupling to the cavity mode and reduces the experimental difficulty of initial trap loading. By using dark-state transfers via the cavity mode to enact gates between pairs of qubits, the gates become insensitive to the number of atoms within each collective excitation, making it possible to prepare an array of qubits through Poissonian loading without feedback.

Abstract: Described are structures and techniques for providing high-efficiency. high-power-density piezoelectric resonators (PRs) for use in power converters. In some embodiments. a power converter can include a PR for energy transfer. where the PR substantially satisfies geometry conditions disclosed herein for achieving high-efficiency and high-power-density. The geometry conditions can be defined in terms of the converter's specified (e.g., rated) voltage and power level.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods of selectively delivering an agent to a cell, comprising contacting the cell with a composition comprising an agent and lipids selected from: (a) an ionizable amino lipid, (b) a sterol, (c) a phospholipid, and (d) a PEG-lipid. The methods are selective for delivery to microglia over other neuroglia, such as astrocytes.

Abstract: Covalently modified alginate polymers, possessing enhanced biocompatibility and tailored physiochemical properties, as well as methods of making and use thereof, are disclosed herein. The covalently modified alginates are useful as a matrix for coating of any material where reduced fibrosis is desired, such as encapsulated cells for transplantation and medical devices implanted or used in the body.

Abstract: A drug delivery device for administration to a subject is provided. In some embodiments, the drug delivery device includes a reservoir containing an active pharmaceutical ingredient and a potential energy source. The drug delivery device also includes a trigger operatively associated with the potential energy source, where the trigger is configured to actuate at a predetermined location within the subject. The drug delivery device also includes a rupturable membrane disposed along a flow path extending between the reservoir and an outlet, where the membrane is configured to rupture when the trigger is actuated. Once the trigger is actuated, the potential energy from the potential energy source may be released to expel the active pharmaceutical ingredient in a jet through the outlet.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a subgenomic promoter library derived from alphavirus. Also provided herein are methods of using the subgenomic promoters to produce antibodies and other molecules.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to electrochemical target species (e.g., carbon dioxide) capture and release with a redox-active amine. Associated systems and articles are also described.

Abstract: Systems and methods for detecting cyber attacks of subsystems include an interface of the subsystem that provides power exchange. A processor may be configured to calculate an interaction variable from a function of one or more internal states of the subsystem. A comparator circuit is coupled to receive the output signal and the interaction variable, to determine a difference between at least one characteristic of the power signal and at least one characteristic of the interaction variable. A cyber-attack identification module is configured to identify the presence of a cyber-attack targeting the system based on the difference between the at least one characteristic of the power signal and the at least one characteristic of the interaction variable.

Abstract: A robotic finger may include a first endoskeleton segment, a second endoskeleton segment, and a flexure connecting the first endoskeleton segment and the second endoskeleton segment, where the flexure is configured to elastically deform to allow the first endoskeleton segment to move relative to the second endoskeleton segment in a first degree of freedom. The robotic finger may include a transparent elastomeric pad disposed on the first endoskeleton segment and the second endoskeleton segment, at least one light source disposed on at least one of the first endoskeleton segment and the second endoskeleton segment, and at least one photosensitive detector disposed on at least one of the first endoskeleton segment and the second endoskeleton segment.

Abstract: The invention provides for systems, methods, and compositions for targeting nucleic acids. In particular, the invention provides non-naturally occurring or engineered DNA-targeting systems comprising a novel DNA-targeting CRISPR effector protein and at least one targeting nucleic acid component like a guide RNA Methods for making and using and uses of such systems, methods, and compositions and products from such methods and uses are also disclosed and claimed.

Abstract: A compliant prosthetic foot is designed and fabricated by combining a compliant mechanism optimization technique with a calculation of low leg trajectory error under a reference loading condition. The compliant mechanism optimization technique includes a set of determinants for the compliant prosthetic foot. An optimized set of determinants of the compliant prosthetic foot is formed that minimizes the lower leg trajectory error relative to a target kinematic data set. The compliant prosthetic foot is then fabricated in conformance with the optimized set of determinants.

Abstract: The invention relates to compositions and methods for targeting polynucleotides with eukaryotic RNA-guided nucleases. In particular, programmable RNA-guided DNA endonucleases termed Fanzors, can be harnessed for genome editing.

Abstract: A power generator includes a plurality of amplifier blocks and a combiner. Each of the amplifier blocks include one or more amplifiers, and the combiner combines modulated power signals output from the amplifier blocks to generate an RF power signal of a load. The amplifier blocks are controlled to outphase the modulated power signals based on a phase angle. Ones of the amplifier blocks may perform discrete modulation to generate a respective one of the modulated power signals. The discrete modulation includes selecting different combinations of the amplifiers in one or more of the amplifier blocks to change the RF power signal in discrete steps. In embodiments, the amplifiers may be radio frequency power amplifiers.

Abstract: A multi-sensor, real-time, in-process current and voltage estimation system is disclosed including sensors, affiliated hardware, and data processing algorithms that allow accurate estimation of currents and voltages from magnetic and electric field measurements, respectively. Aspects of the system may be embodied in a detector that is readily attachable to conductors of an energized system for contactless current and/or voltage sensing of the conductors without requiring the conductors to be disconnected from the energized system.