Abstract: A system for non-invasive hematological measurements includes a platform to receive a body portion of a user and an imaging device to acquire a set of images of a capillary bed in the body portion. For each image, a controller detects one or more capillaries in the body portion of the finger to identify a first set of capillaries by estimating one or more attributes of each capillary (e.g., structural attributes, flow attributes, imaging attributes, or combinations thereof), wherein at least one attribute of each capillary meets a predetermined criterion. The controller also identifies a second set of capillaries from the first set of capillaries such that each capillary of the second set of capillaries is visible in a predetermined number of images of the set of images.

Abstract: Meta-lens based ocular imaging, near-eye display, and eye-tracking systems are described. The systems can include a single focusing optic and an integrated circuit that provides illumination light and includes an imaging array. The focusing optic includes meta-atoms formed on a substrate. The systems may have no moving parts and achieve imaging or image-projection fields-of-view approaching or exceeding 180 degrees. Because of their low part count, the systems can be robust and have a very small form factor.

Abstract: An electrochemical device includes a transition metal oxide cathode, such as LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2, and an electrolyte. The electrolyte includes N, N-dimethyltrifluoromethane-sulfonamide (DMTMSA) and lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI). The DMTMSA and LiFSI may be either the primary component of the electrolyte or an additive in the electrolyte. The electrochemical device may also include a graphite anode or a lithium metal anode. With a lithium metal anode, the electrochemical device has an initial specific capacity of at least 231 mAh g?1. Over at least 100 cycles (upper cut-off voltage of 4.7±0.05 V vs. Li/Li+), the electrochemical device maintains an average specific capacity of at least 88% of the initial specific capacity and an average Coulombic efficiency of at least about 99.65%.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods and compositions for enhanced assessment of exogenous polynucleotide and/or polypeptide-mediated transcriptional perturbations at high throughput and single cell/droplet levels of resolution. In embodiments, nucleic acid fusions of exogenous polynucleotide(s) and associated target transcript(s) are produced within individually sequestered or discretely identifiable cells/lysates and analyzed for exogenous polynucleotide mediated perturbations across a vast population of droplets/cells within individual reactions. Kits for performance of the methods are also provided.

Abstract: Provided herein are genetic circuits and encoded RNA transcripts that produce an output molecule in response to an RNA cleavage event that removes a degradation signal. In some embodiments, the genetic circuits described herein may be used for detecting RNA cleaver activities (e.g., in a cell). Methods of using the genetic circuits described herein in diagnostic or therapeutic applications are also provided.

Abstract: Chemical reaction devices involving acid and/or base, and related systems and methods, are generally described.

Abstract: Methods for controlled segregation of blocks of information encoded in the sequence of a biopolymer, such as nucleic acids and polypeptides, with rapid retrieval based on multiply addressing nanostructured data have been developed. In some embodiments, sequence controlled polymer memory objects include data-encoded biopolymers of any length or form encapsulated by natural or synthetic polymers and including one or more address tags. The sequence address labels are used to associate or select memory objects for sequencing read-out, enabling organization and access of distinct memory objects or subsets of memory objects using Boolean logic. In some embodiments, a memory object is a single-stranded nucleic acid scaffold strand encoding bit stream information that is folded into a nucleic acid nanostructure of arbitrary geometry, including one or more sequence address labels. Methods for controlled degradation of biopolymer-encoded blocks of information in the memory objects are also developed.

Abstract: A system and method of generating ammonia can include an acid and an ammonia precursor.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and compositions related to the recycling and/or recovery of activating materials from activated aluminum are disclosed. In one embodiment, an aqueous solution's composition may be controlled to maintain aluminum ions dissolved in solution during reaction of an activated aluminum. In another embodiment, aluminum hydroxide containing the activating materials may be dissolved into an aqueous solution to isolate the activating materials.

Abstract: Thin films of lithium-containing materials and methods for fabricating them are generally described. In some embodiments, the formation of a first vapor is induced from a first target and the formation of a second vapor is induced from a second target, resulting in the formation of a thin film. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the formation of the first vapor and the formation of the second vapor occurs under vacuum conditions. In some embodiments, the thin film has a relatively high ionic conductivity, mixed ionic/electronic conductivity, or other properties beneficial for applications such as active electrode materials or solid-state electrolytes.

Abstract: A decoder includes a feature extraction circuit for calculating one or more feature vectors. An acoustic model circuit is coupled to receive one or more feature vectors from and assign one or more likelihood values to the one or more feature vectors. A memory architecture that utilizes on-chip state lattices and an off-chip memory for storing states of transition of the decoder is used to reduce reading and writing to the off-chip memory. The on-chip state lattice is populated with at least one of the states of transition stored in the off-chip memory. An on-chip word is generated from a snapshot from the on-chip state lattice. The on-chip state lattice and the on-chip word lattice act as an on-chip cache to reduce reading and writing to the off-chip memory.

Abstract: The present disclosure is generally related to separators for use in lithium metal batteries, and associated systems and products. Certain embodiments are related to separators that form or are repaired when an electrode is held at a voltage. In some embodiments, an electrochemical cell may comprise an electrolyte that comprises a precursor for the separator.

Abstract: The subject matter disclosed herein is generally directed to modulating T cell dysfunctional and effector states by modulating glucocorticoid and IL-27 signaling. The invention further relates to modulating immune states, such as CD8 T cell immune states, in vivo, ex vivo and in vitro. The invention further relates to diagnostic and screening methods.

Abstract: Methods and systems for the fabrication of composite materials are generally described. Certain inventive methods and systems can be used to fabricate composite materials with few or no defects. According to certain embodiments, composite materials are fabricated without the use of an autoclave. In some embodiments, composite materials are fabricated in low pressure environments.

Abstract: Articles and methods for processing aluminum are generally described. The aluminum can include compositions of gallium and/or indium such that the aluminum is activated to react with water.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes photonic materials that reversibly change color in response to the material being stretched or otherwise mechanically deformed.

Abstract: The invention provides for systems, methods, and compositions for manipulation of sequences and/or activities of target sequences. Provided are vectors and vector systems, some of which encode one or more components of a CRISPR complex, as well as methods for the design and use of such vectors. Also provided are methods of directing CRISPR complex formation in eukaryotic cells and methods for selecting specific cells by introducing precise mutations utilizing the CRISPR/Cas system.

Abstract: Provided herein is a photonic integrated circuit and methods for controlling a photonic integrated circuit that can utilize the resonant frequency of one or more components of the photonic integrated circuit to enhance the response of the circuit. At least one component of the photonic integrated circuit can be driven by an electrical signal whose frequency is substantially equal to the mechanical resonance frequency of the component such that the response of the optical component is increased. The component of the photonic integrated circuit can include a phase shifter that can impart a phase shift on a received optical signal. By driving the phase shifter with an electrical signal that is equal to the mechanical resonance frequency of the optical phase shifter, less power can be required to impart a desired phase shift on a received optical signal. The optical components can be implemented using piezoelectric cantilevers.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to the generation of tunable coloration and/or interference from, for example, surfaces, emulsion droplets and particles. Embodiments described herein may be useful for generation of tunable electromagnetic radiation such as coloration (e.g., iridescence, structural color) and/or interference patterns from, for example, surfaces (e.g., comprising a plurality of microdomes and/or microwells), emulsion droplets and/or particles. In some embodiments, the surfaces, interfaces, droplets, and/or particles produce visible color (e.g., structural color) without the need for dyes.

Abstract: Methods of sensing carbon dioxide, sensors, and related articles and systems are generally described.