Abstract: Removal of gas-evolving species from powders can be achieved before sintering occurs, reducing or eliminating gas evolution in a dense body that can lead to swelling, or lowering of density.

Abstract: Provided herein are compounds, such as compounds of Formulae (I) and (III), and compositions, methods, uses, and kits thereof. The compounds provided herein are poly(?-amino esters) useful for delivery of agents, such as vitamins and minerals, for the treatment and/or prevention of various diseases and conditions (e.g., micronutrient deficiency).

Abstract: Compositions comprising an electronically conductive polymer and a metal-organic framework (MOF), and related sensors and methods of sensing analytes, are generally described.

Abstract: A method of designing a metal alloy powder having a miscibility gap at low temperature is disclosed. The method includes identifying a first metal element and a second metal to form a metal alloy. selecting a third metal having a miscibility gap with the metal alloy. and mechanically alloying the third metal and the metal alloy to form a metal alloy powder having a nanoscale grain size. The metal alloy powder can be engineered to have a phase separation temperature at which diffusion of the third metal occurs to phase separate as a nanoscale phase. The nanoscale phase can redissolve at a transition temperature higher than the phase separation temperature.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compositions of retroviruses and methods of using the same for gene delivery, wherein the retroviruses comprise a viral envelope protein comprising at least one mutation that diminishes its native function, a non-viral membrane-bound protein comprising a membrane-bound domain and an extracellular targeting domain.

Abstract: A Floquet mode traveling wave parametric amplifier (TWPA) is disclosed. The Floquet mode TWPA comprises a plurality of stages, where each stage is made up of a nonlinear element and a shunt capacitor. The nonlinear elements may be Josephson junctions, or a combination of series and/or parallel Josephson junctions. The Floquet mode TWPA is designed such that the critical current of the nonlinear elements in each stage is not constant. In some embodiments, the ratio of the largest critical current to the smallest critical current in the Floquet mode TWPA is at least 2:1. In some embodiments, the nonlinear elements with the largest critical current are disposed at or near the input or output of the amplifier. In this way, reflections and backward amplification may be minimized. Further, the TWPA is formed using planar capacitors on a high resistivity substrate, or using low loss parallel plate capacitors.

Abstract: A mixed ionic-electronic conductor (MIEC) in contact with a solid electrolyte includes a material having a bandgap less than 3 eV. The material includes an end-member phase directly connected to an alkali metal by a tie-line in an equilibrium phase diagram. The material is thermodynamically stable with a solid electrolyte. The MIEC includes plurality of open pores, formed within the MIEC, to facilitate motion of the alkali metal to at least one of store the alkali metal in the plurality of open pores or release the alkali metal from the plurality of open pores. The solid electrolyte has an ionic conductivity to ions of the alkali metal greater than 1 mS cm?1, a thickness less than 100 ?m, and comprises at least one of a ceramic or a polymer.

Abstract: Described herein are concepts, system and techniques which provide a means to construct robust high-field superconducting magnets using simple fabrication techniques and modular components that scale well toward commercialization. The resulting magnet assembly—which utilizes non-insulated, high temperature superconducting tapes (HTS) and provides for optimized coolant pathways—is inherently strong structurally, which enables maximum utilization of the high magnetic fields available with HTS technology. In addition, the concepts described herein provide for control of quench-induced current distributions within the tape stack and surrounding superstructure to safely dissipate quench energy, while at the same time obtaining acceptable magnet charge time. The net result is a structurally and thermally robust, high-field magnet assembly that is passively protected against quench fault conditions.

Abstract: Systems, articles, and methods generally related to the electrochemical formation of layers comprising halogen ions on substrates are described.

Abstract: Methods involving physics-informed deep learning to help solve inverse problems of solid materials/structures related to unknown geometry include (1) identifying and characterizing unknown materials/structures and defects with accuracy and predictive capability and limited non-destructive measurements, and/or (2) designing geometrical features and parameters of solid materials and structures to achieve optimized and/or improved performance.

Abstract: Provided herein are oligonucleotides, cell penetrating peptides, and peptide-oligonucleotide-conjugates. Also provided herein are methods of treating a muscle disease, a viral infection, or a bacterial infection in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject oligonucleotides, peptides, and peptide-oligonucleotide-conjugates described herein.

Abstract: Compositions comprising fused aromatic systems and associated electrodes, electrochemical cells, and charge storage devices are generally described. Preferably, the aromatic comprising a bis-tetraamino-benzoquinone molecule and/or a tautomer, oligomer, and/or polymer thereof. Alternatively, the aromatic composition comprises an active material comprising a fused aromatic system comprising carbon atoms, hydrogen atoms, and a plurality of heteroatoms each replacing a carbon atom.

Abstract: Liquid Crystal Elastomer (LCE) fibers, an apparatus for manufacturing, and a method for using the apparatus are provided. LCE fibers formed from each of a plurality of resin recipes can undergo reversible temperature driven actuation of the fiber. Each of the resin recipes forms a fiber having a different actuation temperature. The apparatus includes: an extrusion device, a drawing bobbin, a coating basin, a collector bobbin, a first plurality of curing devices, and a second plurality of curing devices, to transform a resin recipe into a LCE fiber. In operation, the extrusion device extrudes the resin through to the first plurality of curing devices for a partial cure. Once in contact with drawing bobbin the resin is coated in a fluid, and then pull through the second plurality of curing devices for a final cure by collector bobbin, where it can be collected and post-processed.

Abstract: A photonic parallel network can be used to sample combinatorially hard distributions of Ising problems. The photonic parallel network, also called a photonic processor, finds the ground state of a general Ising problem and can probe critical behaviors of universality classes and their critical exponents. In addition to the attractive features of photonic networks—passivity, parallelization, high-speed and low-power—the photonic processor exploits dynamic noise that occurs during the detection process to find ground states more efficiently.

Abstract: Described herein are methods for transporting and/or harvesting gas from bubbles, as well as associated articles and systems. In some embodiments, transporting and/or harvesting the gas from the bubbles can reduce or prevent the amount of foam that is present within a system. According to certain embodiments, a conduit comprising a porous wall portion can be at least partially submerged into a foam and/or a bubble-containing liquid. The porous wall portion of the conduit can be configured and/or arranged, according to certain embodiments, such that the porous wall portion provides a fluidic pathway through which gas from the bubbles within the liquid may be channeled to a gaseous environment in the interior portion of the conduit. The gas may be transported, according to certain embodiments, along the interior portion of the conduit into an external gaseous environment and/or harvested from the interior portion of the conduit.

Abstract: The disclosure provides methods for an in vitro evolution technique to identify and characterize mutations in the non-structural genes of an alphavirus replicon that increase the strength and persistence of expression of the replicon genome. Also provided herein are in vivo methods for administering to an animal model a mutated alphavirus replicon that codes for a gene of experimental or therapeutic interest in the subgenome of the alphavirus replicon. The mutations identified herein improve the therapeutic potential of self-replicating RNA, which may have implications for cancer immunotherapy and beyond, e.g., for vaccination or gene therapy.

Abstract: Some aspects are directed to an all-on-chip, optoelectronic device for sampling arbitrary, low-energy, near-infrared waveforms under ambient conditions. This solid-state integrated detector uses optical-field-driven electron emission from resonant nanoantennas to achieve petahertz-level switching speeds by generating on-chip attosecond electron burst. Also disclosed is a cross-correlation technique based on perturbation of local electron field emission rates that allows for the full characterization of arbitrary electric fields down to 1 femtojoule, and/or on the order of 500 kV/m, using plasmonic nanoantennas.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to proteins comprising a target-binding domain for detection of a target of interest, methods, compositions and kits thereof.

Abstract: Fermions are the building blocks of matter. Here, we disclose a robust quantum register composed of hundreds of fermionic atom pairs trapped in an optical lattice. With each fermion pair forming a spin-singlet, the qubit is realized as a set of near-degenerate, symmetry-protected two-particle wavefunctions describing common and relative motion. Degeneracy is lifted by the atomic recoil energy, which depends on mass and lattice wavelength, thereby rendering two-fermion motional qubits insensitive to noise of the confining potential. The quantum coherence can last longer than ten seconds. Universal control is provided by modulating interactions between the atoms. Via state-dependent, coherent conversion of free atom pairs into tightly bound molecules, we tune the speed of motional entanglement over three orders of magnitude, yielding 104 Ramsey oscillations within the coherence time.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods of inhibiting amyloid synthesis in a subject using cyclodextrin and analogs thereof. Small molecules (cyclodextrin) reverse APOE4-associated cholesterol phenotypes and lead to significantly improved myelination both human in vitro cultures and APOE4 targeted replacement mice. This demonstrates that APOE4 alters cholesterol synthesis and transport in oligodendrocytes which impairs myelination. Collectively, this work uncovers a pathogenic role of APOE4 in oligodendrocytes and myelination and enables therapeutic opportunities for Alzheimer's Disease.