Abstract: An optic module is disclosed having a shared bus interface, a transmit disable line, a memory and control logic or a processor configured to facilitate address modification via a bus shared by multiple optic modules. A single housing may contain multiple modules, all of which are preferably accessible via a shared host via a shared bus. Standard compliant modules share a common address, which inhibits communication with only a particular optic module, via the shared bus, in a housing containing multiple optic modules. Using a common message to all modules to treat a transmit disable line as a module select line, a single module may be active during an address re-write operation. This process may repeat until all the modules within the housing have unique addresses.

Abstract: A method of adjusting an echo canceller comprises obtaining a first cross-correlation between a far-end signal and an error signal, wherein the error signal is generated by subtracting an output signal of an adaptive filter from a local-end signal; determining whether the first cross-correlation is above a pre-determined threshold; relocating the adaptive filter by a few samples if the determining determines that the first cross-correlation is above a pre-determined threshold; calculating a first improvement indicator parameter, wherein the first improvement indicator parameter is calculated after the relocating the adaptive filter by the few samples; determining whether the first improvement indicator parameter indicates a performance improvement by the adaptive filter after the relocating the adaptive filter by the few samples; calculating a gain based on the local-end signal and the error signal if the determining does not determine the performance improvement; and multiplying the adaptive filter by the ga

Abstract: A method of masking a residual echo signal by an echo canceller is provided. The method comprises receiving a far-end signal, adjusting filter coefficients of an adaptive filter in response to the far-end signal, generating an echo model signal based on the far-end signal using the adaptive filter, receiving a near-end signal, subtracting the echo model signal from the near-end signal to generate an output signal, defining a spectral mask based on the near-end signal, wherein the spectral mask is indicative of near-end spectral peaks and near-end spectral valleys, de-emphasizing the output signal in spectral regions of the near-end spectral peaks, and emphasizing the output signal in spectral regions of the near-end spectral valleys, wherein the de-emphasizing occurs during filter coefficients determination for the adaptive filter. A weighted filter may perform the de-emphasizing and the emphasizing operations, where the weighted filter uses medium term spectral characteristics of the near-end signal.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is disclosed for incorporating secondary data for transmission as part of or concurrently with network data. In one embodiment, the secondary data comprises communication system data for use in controlling or monitoring a communication system. In one example embodiment, the secondary data is utilized to control the transmit timing of the network data to thereby jitter modulate the secondary data into the transmission of the network data. By monitoring the timing variation, or jitter, of the received network data signal, the secondary data may be recovered. In one embodiment, the secondary data is encoded to reduce the amount of time variation, i.e., jitter, that occurs when transmitting the network data. Decoding may occur upon reception of the time adjusted network data signal. In one embodiment, the encoding comprises CDMA type encoding utilizing one or more orthogonal codes.

Abstract: An improved data communication technique may be employed with modems through a packet network. The disclosed technique facilitates a virtual end-to-end connection between two modems such that the two modems can effectively behave as if directly connected to each other, unaware of any modifications to the data being transferred or to the protocols configured within the communication connection. Preferably, a data communication system for carrying out the communication technique demodulates data coming from a first modem, transports the demodulated data in packets between two gateways, and then remodulates the data before delivering to a second modem at the other end.

Abstract: In one embodiment a communication device activation system is provided to restore activation of one or more communication devices that are in a powered-down mode to conserve power usage during a period of inactivity. The activation signal, also referred to as a warm start signal, comprises a sequence signal. A sequence generator generates a desired sequence signal. It is contemplated that one or more sequence signals may be selected for use by the activation system. The sequence signal may be generated or stored and retrieved. To resume communication, a wake-up sequence signal is generated and transmitted to a remote communication device. Upon receipt the received signal is filtered, correlated and analyzed. Analysis may compare one or more aspects of the signal to a threshold signal. If the signal is determined to comprise a wake-up signal, i.e. a request for communication, then a warm-start operation may occur. An acknowledgement signal may optionally be generated to acknowledge receipt of the signal.

Abstract: Various circuits and methods are provided for driving a laser. A laser driver circuit is configured to generate a modulated current through a laser. Also, a peak current source is employed to generate a peak current that is differentially applied to the laser to enhance a transition rate of the laser.

Abstract: Various laser drivers and methods are provided. In one embodiment, a laser driver is provided that comprises a laser driver circuit having a common anode portion and a common cathode portion. The common anode portion and the common cathode portion are each configured to drive a laser. Also, the laser driver includes a control input to alternatively enable one of the common anode portion and the common cathode portion to drive the laser.

Abstract: A speech encoder that analyzes and classifies each frame of speech as being periodic-like speech or non-periodic like speech where the speech encoder performs a different gain quantization process depending if the speech is periodic or not. If the speech is periodic, the improved speech encoder obtains the pitch gains from the unquantized weighted speech signal and performs a pre-vector quantization of the adaptive codebook gain GP for each subframe of the frame before subframe processing begins and a closed-loop delayed decision vector quantization of the fixed codebook gain GC. If the frame of speech is non-periodic, the speech encoder may use any known method of gain quantization.

Abstract: There is provided a speech post-processor for enhancing a speech signal divided into a plurality of sub-bands in frequency domain. The speech post-processor comprises an envelope modification factor generator configured to use frequency domain coefficients representative of an envelope derived from the plurality of sub-bands to generate an envelope modification factor for the envelope derived from the plurality of sub-bands, where the envelope modification factor is generated using FAC=?ENV/Max+(1??), where FAC is the envelope modification factor, ENV is the envelope, Max is the maximum envelope, and a is a value between 0 and 1, where ? is a different constant value for each speech coding rate. The speech post-processor further comprises an envelope modifier configured to modify the envelope derived from the plurality of sub-bands by the envelope modification factor corresponding to each of the plurality of sub-bands.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is disclosed for optic signal power control to maintain a desired or optimum optic signal power level. During start-up, a default or target value from memory may be utilized to bias or otherwise control operation of an optic signal generator or driver. During operation, pre-stored values may continue to be utilized or an open loop or closed loop control system may be utilized. An open loop control system may incorporate a temperature module or a timer module to account for changes in environment or changes due to aging that may undesirably affect system operation. A closed loop control system may incorporate one or more feedback loops that generate a compensation value to account for detected changes. In one configuration one or more peak values of the actual optic signal, or a portion thereof, are detected and processed to generate the compensation signal.

Abstract: There is provided a method for use by an echo canceller to detect an echo path change and adjust to the echo path change. The method comprises determining a first bulk delay using a SPARSE foreground adaptive filter; configuring the foreground adaptive filter to an open-loop mode; canceling the echo signal based on the first bulk delay using the foreground adaptive filter; determining a second bulk delay of the echo signal using a SPARSE background adaptive filter; configuring the foreground adaptive filter to a closed-loop mode and continuing to cancel the echo signal based on the first bulk delay; configuring the background adaptive filter to the open-loop mode; measuring echo cancellation performance of the foreground adaptive filter and the background adaptive filter; and changing parameters of the foreground adaptive filter if the echo cancellation performance of the background adaptive filter is better than the foreground adaptive filter.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is disclosed for optic signal power control to maintain a desired or optimum optic signal power level. During start-up, a default or target value from memory may be utilized to bias or otherwise control operation of an optic signal generator or driver. During operation, one or more parameters or aspects of the optic module or the environment may be monitored. In response to the monitoring one or more control signal may be generated to created to modify bias level, modulation level, or both. The monitoring may monitor the optic signal itself. The bias level and modulation level may be changed simultaneously.

Abstract: The invention improves the encoding and decoding of speech by focusing the encoding on the perceptually important characteristics of speech. The system analyzes selected features of an input speech signal, and first performing a common frame based speech coding of an input speech signal. The system then performs a speech coding based on either a first speech coding mode or a second speech coding mode. The selection of a mode is based on characteristics of the input speech signal. The first speech coding mode uses a first framing structure and the second speech coding mode uses a second framing structure.

Abstract: There is provided a speech post-processor for enhancing a speech signal divided into a plurality of sub-bands in frequency domain. The speech post-processor comprises an envelope modification factor generator configured to use frequency domain coefficients representative of an envelope derived from the plurality of sub-bands to generate an envelope modification factor for the envelope derived from the plurality of sub-bands, where the envelope modification factor is generated using FAC=?ENV/Max+(1??), where FAC is the envelope modification factor, ENV is the envelope, Max is the maximum envelope, and ? is a value between 0 and 1, where ? is a different constant value for each speech coding rate. The speech post-processor further comprises an envelope modifier configured to modify the envelope derived from the plurality of sub-bands by the envelope modification factor corresponding to each of the plurality of sub-bands.

Abstract: A method and apparatus configured to incorporate system data for transmission as part of or concurrently with network data. The system data may comprise communication system data for use in controlling or monitoring a communication system. The system data may be is utilized to control or adjust the amplitude or intensity of the network data to thereby amplitude modulate the system data into or with the transmission of the network data. By monitoring the amplitude or intensity of the received network data signal, the system data may be recovered. An automatic gain control or bias loop may be monitored to detect the amplitude modulation of the network data. The system data may be encoded.

Abstract: A method of using music detection to enhance an operation of an echo canceller is provided, wherein the echo canceller includes an adaptive filter and a nonlinear processor. The method comprises receiving an input signal including an echo signal by the echo canceller from a near end device, filtering the input signal using the adaptive filter to eliminate linear components of the echo signal in the input signal and generate an error signal, analyzing the error signal using a music detector to determine existence of a music signal in the error signal, bypassing the nonlinear processor if the analyzing determines the music signal exists in the error signal, and eliminating nonlinear components of the echo signal from the error signal using the nonlinear processor if the analyzing determines the music signal does not exist in the error signal.

Abstract: There is provided system and method for receiving speech signals via a plurality of speech lines and communicating the speech signals over a phone line. For example, the communication system comprises a modem, a multiplexor in data communication with the modem, and a plurality of speech codecs in data communication with the multiplexor. According to this aspect, each of the plurality of speech codecs receives a portion of the speech signals via one of the plurality of speech lines and encodes that portion of the speech signals to generate encoded speech signals, and wherein the encoded speech signals from each of the plurality of speech codecs are multiplexed by the multiplexor to generate multiplexed encoded speech signals, and wherein the modem transmits the multiplexed encoded speech signals over the phone line.

Abstract: An optical logic circuit is disclosed. The optical logic circuit is configured on a substrate of a first material. The optical logic circuit also has an optical layer which overlays the substrate layer and is at least partially configured of a second material. The optical layer is patterned to provide a plurality of optical pathways. At least one of the optical pathways transmits an optical bias and at least one optical pathway is configured to provide an optical input and at least one optical pathway is configured to provide an optical output. The optical pathways are configured to provide a Boolean logic output based on the at least one optical input.

Abstract: A method and apparatus configured to transmit module data between optic modules over a primary communication channel, such as an optic fiber configured to carry network data or outgoing data. A control center may send the module data, such as any type of DDMI data, over the optic fiber to control one or more aspects of the optic module system. The optic module may also be configured to send module data regarding any aspect of module status or operation, to a control center, via the optic fiber. Use of the primary communication channel, normally reserved for only network data, allow for module to module communication or module to control center communication without need of cumbersome two wire interface or supplement channels. Optic module data communication may occur concurrent with network data transmission. Optic module data back-up may occur via the optic channel to provide rapid re-load of important optic module data.