Abstract: An emulator microcomputer unit has a plurality of semi-cylindrical through-holes around the periphery of a substrate of the emulator MCU. L-shaped connection terminals or pins are electrically connected to the semi-cylindrical through-holes. A foot print defined by the connection terminals is equivalent to or corresponds to a foot print defined by connection terminals of an OTP or flash microcomputer IC to be used during a final test operation. The microcomputer IC chip and the connector for connecting the unit to the emulator may be mounted on the same or on opposing surfaces of the substrate.

Abstract: Even in the case where a microcomputer according to the present invention is directly connected to a bus in a LAN, it is possible to upgrade the data transfer speed of the LAN. When a built-in exclusive-OR circuit in the SIO of the microcomputer detects the discordance between a signal at an R.times.D terminal and a signal at a T.times.D terminal, a D flip-flop circuit generates and sends out an interrupt signal to the CPU. The CPU is made to recognize the collision of signals by the generation of the interrupt signal.

Abstract: An analog-to-digital (A-D) conversion device includes a channel selector for selecting a plurality of analog signal input terminals. The analog-to-digital converter converts an analog signal selected and supplied by the channel selector into a digital signal. A control device controls the channel selector to operate in either a scan mode in response to a starting trigger for scan conversion or a single mode in response to receiving a starting trigger for single conversion.

Abstract: An access condition coincidence detecting circuit detects that an address stored in an access condition storing register 44 is outputted to an address bus 29. When a counter 46 counts a certain number of detecting signals, it inputs a break point signal to an AND circuit 36. On the other hand, it is detected that an address stored in a break address storing register 34 is outputted to the address bus 29. When the break point signal is inputted to the AND circuit 36, this detecting signal is outputted from the AND circuit 36 as an interruption demand signal. Such a construction provides an emulation apparatus capable of securely controlling interruption of a program under complicated address coincidence conditions in an emulating operation of a microcomputer.

Abstract: According to the microcomputer of the invention, a free running oscillator can supply the A-D converter with a higher frequency clock signal even while a lower speed clock signal from a second clock signal generating circuit is used as the internal system clock signal. This solves the problem associated with conventional A-D converters that, when executing an A-D conversion, the mode of operation is changed once to a high-speed operation mode in which the conversion can be performed accurately, and after the conversion has been executed, the mode is returned to a low power consumption mode which places an exception load on the software.

Abstract: The present invention provides a semiconductor device wherein the oscillation of a clock signal oscillation circuit is halted by control carried out by a CPU when a clock-signal switching circuit selects either a clock signal generated by a CR oscillation circuit or a clock signal generated by an oscillator-driven oscillation circuit. A frequency divider divides the frequency of a clock signal generated by the clock signal oscillation circuit, supplying a clock signal with a divided frequency to the clock-signal switching circuit.

Abstract: A noncontact IC card, a card reader/writer, and a card system, for surely detecting a start flag, thereby reducing a communication error rate and achieving higher communication reliability. The noncontact IC card has a control unit, which includes a CPU, ROM, RAM, etc., and it further has a 1-bit flip-flop (F/F) connected between a receive circuit and the control unit. According to a program of the control unit, data are received one bit at a time, and a UART is set ready for receiving when a bit pattern of the start flag is detected. A card reader/writer is equipped with a control unit which includes a CPU, ROM, RAM, etc. The control unit inserts 1-byte dummy data "00.sub.H " between a trigger signal and the start flag at the time of transmission. A card system has a card reader/writer and a noncontact IC card.

Abstract: A graphic scrolling apparatus comprising a unit for storing image data; an image display device having a screen for displaying a first predetermined-sized area of the image data stored in the image data storing unit; a buffer memory for temporarily storing a second predetermined-sized area of the image data stored in the image data storing means, the second predetermined-sized area being larger than the first predetermined-sized area; a first depicting unit for retrieving, from the image storing means, at least image data corresponding to a third area of the first predetermined-sized area, which protrudes from the second predetermined-sized area and for depicting the at least image data corresponding to the third area on a fourth area of the second predetermined sized area, which is in the outside of the first predetermined-sized area as the first predetermined-sized area scrolls on the second predetermined-sized area; and an image display controlling unit for controlling the apparatus such that an image is d

Abstract: A non-contact type IC-card with a simplified circuit arrangement which can select one of the PSK- and FSK-modulation methods at data transmission. A resonance frequency switching section is provided to halve the resonance frequency of a transmission and reception antenna. In the case of the PSK-modulation, the resonance frequency of the transmission and reception antenna is halved during one period of the original frequency at a modulation point so that the phase inverts for the phase modulation. In the case of the FSK-modulation, for the frequency modulation the frequency is switched over in accordance with the variation of the data. A PFSEL switch carries out the switching between both the modulation methods.

Abstract: An AD converting apparatus which is provided with a data update flag 3b for storing a first value ("1") when an analog signal is newly converted by an AD converter 1 to digital data and is stored into a data register 3a, and for storing a second value ("0") when the contents of the data register 3a are read out externally in a state under which the first value has been stored, and which eliminates a wasteful operation such that the data having already been used is used again to perform an arithmetic operation, by building in a hardware capable of indicating whether the data after AD conversion has already been used once or not, and thus improving processing speed as a whole; and a data processor in which the AD converting apparatus is built in.

Abstract: An emulator probe accelerates the efficiency of program debugging work with an emulator. The emulator probe includes an emulator coupling device in which lead terminals are soldered on string-like cut-out sections provided on the sides of a board having the same dimensions as a package molding portion of a microcomputer. As required, the emulator coupling device or a microcomputer is mounted on an IC socket provided on a target board.

Abstract: A microcomputer comprises a timer controller for detecting a time when a disabled state in which interrupts are disabled starts and a time when the disabled state ends, a count timer which starts a counting operation when the timer controller detects a time when the disabled state starts, for measuring a period of time during which interrupts are disabled, and a comparator which receives a current count value of the count timer when the disabled state ends, and, when determining that the current count value is larger than a maximum of count values previously received which is stored in a register for storing a maximum of interrupt-disabled time periods, stores the current count value in the register.

Abstract: A D/A converter arranged to improve the resolution by changing the number of resistors to be interposed between a resistance ladder, from which a divided voltage between positive and negative voltage sources is taken out, and the positive and negative voltage sources while maintaining the total resistance value at a constant value, in which the resistance value of the resistor to be interposed between the resistance ladder and the positive and negative voltage sources is selected to uniformly lower the divided voltage which is taken by the resistance ladder by a level corresponding to 1/2 LSB to perform 1/2 LSB correction.

Abstract: In a non contact IC card for generating a power supply voltage from electric waves transmitted via wireless communication from a base unit, a reset signal generating circuit is provided to reset the internal circuits when the power supply voltage rises to a predetermined operating voltage and when it is lowered below a minimum voltage of voltages which ensure the normal operation of the internal circuits, thereby operations such as a writing operation in the internal circuits can be made stable and the time required for communication can be shortened.

Abstract: The invention provides a counting device and a direct memory access system using the counting device. In the counting device, a carry/borrow signal to be supplied from a predetermined one-bit counter among a plurality of one-bit counters to another one-bit counter in the subsequent stage is inputted to an input/cutoff element such as an AND circuit. The input/cutoff element is also supplied with a control signal for controlling the input/cutoff of the carry/borrow signal. Thus, the range of the values to be counted can be changed.

Abstract: A serial input/output circuit with an automatic transfer function can easily re-transfer correct data even if a transfer error occurs during automatic transfer. When the transfer of one data has been completed, an automatic transfer data pointer normally automatically updates its contents and indicates an address in an automatic transfer RAM, which corresponds to data to be next transferred. An error generation active circuit makes an error control signal significant when an error detecting circuit detects an error produced in data or the occurrence of the error in the data is notified from a transfer opposite party. When the error control signal is made significant, the automatic transfer data pointer and the transfer counter do not update their values.

Abstract: A reader/writer includes an input/output unit for inputting and outputting bidirectional signals from and to an external host computer, a transmitter/receiver for transmitting to and receiving from a noncontact IC card bidirectional electromagnetic-wave signals, the controller being electrically connected to the input/output unit and transmitter/receiver for transferring signals between them. The reader/writer thus assists in transferring signals between an external host computer and a noncontact IC card. The operation of the reader/writer is so simple that communication between a noncontact IC card and an external host computer can be achieved efficiently. The software implemented in the reader/writer need not be modified but can still cope with various application programs running in the noncontact IC card and external host computer.

Abstract: In a timer device, the counter thereof counts the number of the pulses of a pulse signal input from an external apparatus up to a count initial value to output a count ending signal at the time of the end of the counting, and the control signal generator thereof generates a signal for controlling the external apparatus on the count ending signal output from the counter, and further the count operation controller thereof controls the count operation of the counter on a state change signal indicating the change of the state of the external apparatus. Thereby, the timer device can execute extensive processing by means of few counters.

Abstract: A microcomputer in which a voltage drop in a power source is detected by a voltage detecting circuit, and a capacitor is connected to a first power source and/or a second power source on the basis of a detection signal of said detecting circuit thereby to be charged/discharged, so that a reset signal is generated. The supply of a clock signal is controlled on the basis of said detection signal. When a source voltage of the microcomputer is found to be lower than a reference voltage but recovering in a short time, it is possible to resume a programmed operation from a temporary cut-off state without initializing the program.

Abstract: A non-contact type IC card includes a programmable memory divided into a user area for storing application data, and a system area for storing a system password and a system password effective code indicating requirement of collation of the system password. If the system area of the memory includes the system password effective code, access to the system area by an external apparatus is permitted only when passwords are identical as a result of password collation. If the system area does not include the system password effective code, the access by the external apparatus can be permitted without the password collation.