Abstract: The present invention relates to articles, particularly plate or sheet-like articles made of plastic in which very low contents of fine electrically conductive fibers are uniformly dispersed so as to make the articles conductive. It also relates to specific intermediate plastic products, referred to as grains, threads and granules, and the processes for manufacturing each of these products as well as the final conductive articles. The articles can be used as a suitable shielding against radio-frequency and high-frequency electromagnetic radiation or as antistatic plastic articles.

Abstract: A steel cord for reinforcing rubber products such as truck tires comprises a plurality of steel wires twisted together to form a multiwire layered cable construction having two or more successive wire layers around a common core. The wires of the outer layer are covered by a rubber adherable coating of, e.g. brass, and the wires (shaded) of the layer inwardly adjacent the surface layer are covered by a corrosion resistant coating, such as zinc or a zinc alloy.

Abstract: A rubber adherable ferrous substrate for use in reinforcing vulcanizable elastomeric products includes a cold worked steel wire having a brass alloy coating of specified compact structure on its surface. There is provided also a process for covering a steel wire substrate with a compact alloy coating, in particular a thin brass diffusion coating having a specified permeability.

Abstract: A steel cord, for use in the reinforcement of resilient articles such as rubber tyres, comprises a central bundle of wires surrounded by a circumferential layer of helicoidally twisted wires. In the central bundle, one can distinguish a core and a surrounding layer, the latter having the same twist pitch as the circumferential layer. In order to reduce wire migration, the wires of the central bundle show a limited number of relative position changes, between 2 and 300 per 30 cm cord length.

Abstract: A steel cord for use in the reinforcement of resilient articles such as rubber tires has a core and one surrounding layer of wires, the diameter and twist pitch of the core wires being substantially different from the diameter and twist pitch of the wires of the layer surrounding the core. This construction eliminates wire migration without loss of reinforcing ability of the cord in the resilient material.

Abstract: Disclosed is a dimensionally stable, flexible and open-mesh woven fabric comprising a warp and a weft comprised of thread-like elements, wherein the warp elements are arranged in groups spaced apart from each other, wherein the distance between each two successive groups as well as the distance between each two successive wefts is between about 0.8 cm and 6 cm, and wherein the clamping force of a group of the warp elements on the weft elements is such that an axial movement of the weft elements occurs only in the case of an axial tensile loading of at least about 1% of the breaking strength of the weft elements.

Abstract: In order to improve the fatigue resistance of a cable, particularly a rubber adherable cable for reinforcing rubber articles such as vehicle tires, substantially uniformly distributed residual compressive stress is induced in substantially the complete peripheral zone of the wires making up the cable. The stress may be induced by submitting lengths of the cable to a number of elementary bending-unbending operations in considerably different planes and simultaneously tensioning the cable.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for applying a tread to a tire, whereby around a toroidal tire a layer of non-vulcanized rubber is applied, which will form the tread area of the tire after vulcanization in the vulcanization press; and whereby the thus prepared tire is vulcanized in vulcanization press. According to the invention, before the vulcanization of the thus prepared tire in a vulcanization press, portions of the layer of non-vulcanized rubber are removed by peeling or by forming peels of non-vulcanized rubber, so that the shape of the peeled tire is adapted to the shape of the vulcanization press. The invention also relates to a machine for carrying out the method according to the invention.

Abstract: A catalyst comprising a metallic carrier having a catalytically active metal-containing surface layer, the catalytic metal being other than a noble metal, wherein the catalytically active metal-containing surface layer is formed directly on the carrier by an etching treatment with an oxidizing inorganic acid which at least partially removes one or more metals from the surface of the metallic carrier, followed by chemical reduction with hydrogen.

Abstract: A catalyst comprising a metallic carrier having a catalytically active metal-containing surface layer, the catalytic metal being other than a noble metal, whereby the catalytically active surface layer is formed out of a homogeneous metallic carrier by oxidizing in an oxidizing gas such as air and subsequently reducing with hydrogen the surface of the metallic carrier at a temperature at which the active metal is substantially not sintered, characterized in that the carrier is a web or felt of fibers with a diameter between 4 and 100 microns.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method and machine for removing at least one layer of reinforcing elements from a breaker or belt of a rubber tire.According to the method of the invention for removing at least one layer of reinforcing elements, such as steel cords, etc. from a breaker or belt located between the tread area and the carcass of a rubber tire; the tread area of the tire is first removed down to the layer of reinforcing elements by rasping off this tread area, and afterwards each reinforcing element, for example each steel cord, of the layer to be removed is cut through in at least one place and the so cut reinforcing elements are removed by further rasping.This invention further relates to a machine for carrying out this method.

Abstract: In order to improve the fatigue resistance of a cable, particularly a rubber adherable cable for reinforcing rubber articles such as vehicle tires, substantially uniformly distributed residual compressive stress is induced in substantially the complete peripheric zone of the wires making up the cable. The stress may be induced by submitting lengths of the cable to a number of elementary bending--unbending operations in considerably different planes and simultaneously tensioning the cable.

Abstract: The invention relates to an energy-absorbing laminate with improved torsion strength, particularly a ski, comprising a rigid core which is covered on at least part of its plane surfaces with a grid structure (2). The grid structure comprises a number of series of parallel elastomer strips (4, 5) which are reinforced with twisted filament bundles (3) running in the longitudinal direction of the strips. The series of strips intersect each other at an angle .alpha. between 10.degree. and 120.degree. and are bonded to one another in the common contact areas (6).

Abstract: A ski of laminated material which comprises at least one core layer of rigid material wherein at least a portion of at least one of its plane sides is covered with a rubberlike material having a loss tangent of about 0.1 and in which material twisted filament bundles are embedded, the filaments having a tensile strength of at least 2000 N/mm.sup.2 and a modulus of elasticity of at least 7.times.10.sup.4 N/mm.sup.2.

Abstract: A steel cord for the reinforcement of elastomer material. comprising two equivalent wire groups of at least two wires each, the wire groups being twisted around each other, in which the wires of the first group are parallel or nearly parallel, and the wires of the second group are twisted around each other with a twist pitch of the same sense and the same value as the twist pitch with which the two groups are twisted together.

Abstract: A method of producing an identification signal for a sheet article of non-conductive material, which article is marked for identification purposes by the incorporation therein of a small quantity of very thin conductive fibers which are capable of absorbing and reflecting certain substantial proportions of microwave radiation energy impinging thereon, which comprise placing the part of said article in which the very thin conductive fibers are incorporated in the path of an unguided microwave beam, measuring the excess of microwave radiation energy arrested over the energy reflected and producing an output signal which is representative of the presence of such excess.

Abstract: A reinforcing strip of wire mesh for coatings on pipes, comprising a plurality of parallel longitudinally running warp wires provided with incurvations for giving the strip a longitudinal extensibility which increases gradually along the breadth of the strip. The adjacent warp wires are connected by obliquely running weft wires which are welded to the warp wires in the crossing points, preferably by one single continuous weft wire running in zigzag along the length of the strip.

Abstract: A steel wire element useful in the reinforcement of rubber compositions in which the steel wire is provided with an adhesive coating comprising a brass alloy containing 58% to 75% copper and cobalt in an amount sufficient in use to improve the adhesion between the coated steel wire and the rubber composition. Preferably the brass alloy contains 2% to 4% of cobalt. Applications include coated steel cords for use in vehicle tires and conveyor belts and hoses.

Abstract: A welded flexible screen deck comprising a series of parallel screen rods and transverse supporting rods wherein the supporting rods are secured at the back side of the screen and have a cross-sectional profile with a substantially rectangular body portion and a rib portion resting against the screen rods such that the height h of the cross section does not exceed the width b and wherein the thickness d of the body portion is .ltoreq. h/2.

Abstract: Reinforcing members for the reinforcement of hardenable or settable material such as concrete or mortar are disclosed. The reinforcing members comprise a plurality of wire elements such as fibers united by a binder which loses its binding ability when mixed with the settable material, thereby releasing the elements in a random manner in the matrix.Methods are also disclosed for mixing the reinforcing members in the matrix and for making the reinforcing members.