Abstract: A double-twisting device (2) includes two half-shafts (4) and at least one flyer (6). The flyer (6) connects the two half-shafts (4) and causes axial forces F.sub.a which are exerted upon the half shafts (4) during rotation. The double-twisting device (2) further includes a magnetic device (22, 24) which are suited to compensate at least partially for the axial forces F.sub.a. This increases the life span of the bearings (8) and considerably reduces the maintenance costs of the double-twisting device.

Abstract: The invention relates to a substrate for reinforcing elastomeric polymers whereby at least part of the substrate is made of steel, said part being covered by a layer of an alloy consisting of, apart from impurities, between 4.2 and 6.5% weight of aluminum, possibly less than 0.1% of at least one element stimulating the wetting ability of the liquid alloy to the substrate and the balance zinc.

Abstract: A steel cord (1) for the reinforcement of rubber articles such as tires includes a core of two to four steel filaments (2) and a layer of steel filaments (3, 4) around the core. All of the filaments have a diameter between 0.15 and 0.40 mm and are twisted in the same direction and at the same pitch. The cord has over a substantial portion of its entire length cross-sections where the accumulated gaps between adjacent layer filaments are at least 0.03 mm. At least one filament of the layer has been preformed differently from the other filaments. The above structure avoids core migration.

Abstract: A steel cord (1) for the reinforcement of elastomers, especially for the reinforcement of breaker layers in a tire, said steel cord comprising two strands of at least two filaments (11, 12) each, said strands being twisted around each other and forming helicoids of a same pitch, the filaments (11) of the first strand having a pitch differing from the pitch of said helicoids and having a value of more than 300 mm, the filaments (12) of the second strand having the same pitch as said helocoids and being twisted in the same sense as said helicoids, all the filaments of both of said strands having a diameter between 0.08 and 0.45 mm, wherein the diameter of the filaments of one of said strands is at least 0.02 mm greater than the diameter of the filaments of the other of said strands. Preferably the diameter of the filaments (12) of said second strand is at least 0.02 mm greater than the diameter of the filaments (11) of said first strand.

Abstract: A wire drawing machine having a watching system of the wire diameter at one or more watched locations in the machine. The diameter is measured by measuring the wire speed as compared to the reference wire speed at a reference location where the diameter is accurately known and held in a register. This value, together with both speed values, are sent to a computer module for calculating the wire diameter and sending this to the computer output. When a new wire enters in the drawing machine, the operation is temporarily inversed that is the lastly computed diameter is temporarily taken as the reference diameter and stored in the register, and from there the new reference diameter at the entrance is calculated and entered in the register.

Abstract: A reinforcing strip, and method of making same specifically adapted for use in reinforcing plies in the belt of rubber tires. The strip comprises a number, preferably 4 to 7, of parallel wires, tightly bound together by a wrapping wire or a binder. This strip form allows to combine the advantages of steel strip, i.e. high lateral and low radial stiffness and thinner plies, with those of conventional steel cord, i.e. high tensile strength and fatigue resistance.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for treating an elongated, coated substrate, whereby the treatment comprises the application by cathode sputtering of a material containing at least one component and whereby the composition of this material has been chosen in accordance with the difference between the composition of the coating or the surface of the coating as measured and the desired composition of the coating or the surface of the coating.

Abstract: A method of and an apparatus for guiding at least two steel wires from a furnace into a lead bath. The steel wires are kept separated, and, after leaving the furnace, guided over a cooled roller. The roller is turning at a peripheral speed that nearly equals the speed of the steel wires. After this, the steel wires disappear into the lead bath and are guided further under an immersed roller, the steel wires making an angle larger than 150.degree. over the cooled roller and under the immersed roller. The furnace-lead bath transition is sealed by a hood that lets through as little air as possible.

Abstract: A steel strip (1) comprises two to seven round steel filaments (2) lying in parallel adjacent to one another so as to form a single plane of core filaments and one or more filaments (4) which are wrapped around the core filaments in one single wrapping direction. One or more core filaments, individually, or the plane of the core filaments as a whole have residual elastic torsions to such an extent that the strip remains substantially flat over the whole length of the strip if the strip is not subjected to external forces.

Abstract: A grip for the performance of tensile tests on elongated specimens such as steel wires, wherein at least the face of the grip which has an engagement with the elongated specimen is provided with roughnesses. These roughnesses are virtual pyramids in shape, which at no point show an angle which is smaller than 100.degree.. For preference the roughnesses have the form of truncated pyramids with an upper surface area of at least 0.0025 mm.sup.2. Wear and breakages in the grip are considerably reduced.

Abstract: A fluidized bed is disclosed for the continuous quenching of steel wires. The fluidized bed is provided with an air convection cooler with high cooling capacity. The temperature of the fluidized bed is regulated by means of a cooling air flow. Such a bed is applicable in the patenting operation, in which the carrying gas for a fluidized bed is taken from the exhaust gases of the austenitizing furnace.

Abstract: The granular composite is obtained by chopping a composite strand containing metal fibers, said fibers being embedded as bundles in a plastic and is to be used for the shaping of plastic articles. The metal fibers comprise hardened material which has been derived from an austenitic ferric alloy in which the austenite has been converted into martensite for at least 75 vol. %.

Abstract: The invention relates to a burner membrane (1) for radiant burner comprising a porous sintered web of inorganic fibres that are resistant to high temperatures, wherein at least the membrane surface (3) opposite from the fuel supply side (2) has been provided with grooves (4) in the shape of a grid and which grooves bound the meshes (5) of the grid. Preferably, the meshes are regular polygons with a surface area of between 4 and 400 mm.sup.2. The porosity is between 70% and 90% and the permeability variation over its surface is less than 25%.

Abstract: Metal fibers obtained by the bundled drawing of a composite bundle of metal wires embedded in a metal matrix followed by the electrolytic removal of the matrix so that the surface layers of the fibers contain only a negligible amount (.ltoreq.0.2% at) of the matrix metal. Furthermore, a description is given of a process and an apparatus for the continuous electrolytic removal of the matrix material. Thereby, the composite bundle acts as an anode. Stainless steel fibers according to the invention have an average Cr/Cr+Fe+Ni content at their surface between 1% and 15%.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for treating an elongated, coated substrate, whereby treatment comprises the application by cathode sputtering of a material containing at least one component and whereby the composition of this material has been chosen in accordance with the difference between the composition of the coating or the surface of the coating as measured and the desired composition of the coating or the surface of the coating.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sealing element to be applied when feeding at least one elongated object through a vacuum apparatus, the sealing element comprising a casing with a first detachable part having a projection on its underside that tapers from a first end of the casing to a second end of the casing and a second detachable part having a hollow portion that tapers from the first end of the casing to the second end. The projection fits in and partially fills the hollow portion creating a gap between the projection and the hollow portion. The second detachable part has a groove around a portion of its perimeter on an upper surface which contains a resilient sealing means that allows the first and second detachable parts to be sealed when abutted against one another.

Abstract: This invention relates to a sheet-shaped welded netting of metal at least comprising mesh-forming wires extending longitudinally of the sheet and/or mesh-forming wires extending transversely of the sheet as well as several deformed stretching wires extending longitudinally of the sheet which can stretch under tensile stress and which may or may not have the function of mesh-forming wires extending longitudinally of the sheet, the deformations in the stretching wires substantially lying in the plane of the netting and the stretching wires displaying a regular arrangement of identical patterns longitudinally of the sheet, whereby the deformation of the stretching wires is such that the ratio of the maximum dimension (B) of a mesh longitudinally of the sheet to the distance (A) between two consecutive maxima in a deformed stretching wire is at least about three, that the maxima of two adjacent stretching wires of the welded netting may or may not have the same position with respect to the longitudinal direction

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus that can be connected to one of the flanges of a spool with wire for the purpose of axially taking off wire from the spool and at least comprising two spaced apart annular elements that are coaxial with the axis of the spool and that have an outside diameter that is larger than the outside diameter of the flange in question of the spool and a cylindrical bearing surface being provided between the two annular elements that is coaxial with the spool axis for a band of slightly stretchable material loosely fitting round it, whereby one of the two annular elements is rotatable on its axis and the other is fixedly mounted and in that the cylindrical bearing surface is fixedly connected to one of the two annular elements.

Abstract: The linear position of an elongated element (1) is measured using a transmission medium (2). The transmission medium comprises an emitter (3) of microwaves and a receiver (4) of microwaves and has at its one end the elongated element (1) and at its other end an electrical short-circuit (23). An asymmetrical sawtooth standing wave with substantially linear flanks is generated by reflection of the microwaves on the short-circuit (23) and on the elongated element (1). The position of the elongated element is determined by measuring the amplitude of the longer flank of the standing wave with the receiver. The method may be used in difficult circumstances and is suitable to measure mechanical vibrations of high-frequency.