Abstract: A housing for holding and fixing components of a liquid crystal display device is composed of a pair of frame members each having the same shape. Four sides of the side face of each frame member are formed such that an outer face section positioned at the outer side when combined and an inner face section positioned at the inner side when combined are stepped to each other, and a cut section is formed between the outer face section and the inner face section. The side face section of the frame member of the housing is formed to be stepped as described above, so that the strength and assembling property are enhanced, thereby being capable of preventing deterioration in display quality caused by the displacement of the position and space of the components.

Abstract: An LCD device includes a reflective area in each pixel. A reflection film having a convex-concave surface is provided in the reflective area, film in cross section configuration is formed. Each pixel includes a pixel electrode and a common electrode for applying a lateral electric field on a LC layer. The inclination angle of the reflection film has an inclination angle distribution, wherein the angle component in an area corresponding to the electrodes has a lower angle distribution than the angle components in an area corresponding to a gap between adjacent two of the electrodes.

Abstract: It is to suppress the interference of the reflected light easily and securely even in a highly fine liquid crystal display device. The reflection plate comprises recessed or protruded parts and a reflection film formed over the recessed or protruded parts. A unit shape of the recessed or protruded parts is a polygon, an arbitrary point other than a centroid of the polygon that constitutes the recessed or protrude part is placed at a position that meets with an orderly-mannered lattice point as an origin, and each of the unit-shape polygons is arranged at a position that is rotated randomly with respect to the origin.

Abstract: In a reflection type liquid crystal display device having a front light and a reflection type liquid crystal panel including a reflection electrode of uneven structure, average tilt angles of the uneven structure of the reflection electrode are changed to form a high directivity reflective region having a characteristic reflecting an incident light from the front light in a vertical direction and a wide viewing angle reflective region having a characteristic reflecting an outside light incident slantingly from the front in a vertical direction, thereby forming the high directivity reflective region and the wide viewing angle reflective region to be mixed in the reflection electrode in the same display device.

Abstract: An optical element includes a microlouver including transparent layers and light absorbing layers alternately disposed, the light absorbing layers constraining the extent of the direction in which light passing through the transparent layers exits, and a diffusion layer provided on the microlouver. The angle of the field of view varies in such a way that the angle of the field of the view light passing thorough the peripheral area of the optical element is smaller than the angle of the field of view of light passing thorough the central area of the optical element.

Abstract: A method of processing a substrate, including a step of processing an organic film pattern formed on a substrate, the step including, in sequence, a removal step of removing one of an alterated layer and a deposited layer formed on the organic film pattern, and a fusion/deformation step of fusing the organic film pattern for deformation, wherein at least a part of the removal step is carried out by applying chemical to the organic film pattern.

Abstract: A method of processing a substrate, including a step of processing an organic film pattern formed on a substrate, the step including, in sequence, a removal step of removing one of an alterated layer and a deposited layer formed on the organic film pattern, and a fusion/deformation step of fusing the organic film pattern for deformation, wherein at least a part of the removal step is carried out by applying chemical to the organic film pattern.

Abstract: There is provided a liquid crystal display device including a display screen comprised of a plurality of areas in each of which a pixel pattern is formed, wherein any two areas located adjacent to each other, among the areas, have at least two stitches therebetween.

Abstract: A printing plate for an offset printing is provide. it includes a substrate and a plurality of concave printing plate patterns formed on the substrate. At least one auxiliary pattern is located on a bottom of at least one of the concave printing plate patterns and away from a side face of the concave printing plate pattern. Thereby, even if a plurality of inside void parts occur in a function pattern, an area thereof is small and each inside void part is isolated.

Abstract: An electrode arranged on a device includes a gap that is tapered toward an edge of the device and is formed from an end portion of the electrode to a different end portion thereof.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of the present invention is applied to manufacture of a liquid crystal display device comprising an array board, an opposing board opposing the array board, and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the pair of boards. The method includes a step of performing alignment processing on an alignment film formed on the surface of at least one of the pair of boards in contact with the liquid crystal. The alignment processing is performed by irradiating energy having an anisotropy such as ion beams to the alignment film in a plurality of steps while the energy intensity is set to be lowest in the final irradiation step.

Abstract: Disclosed is a semiconductor circuit in which a floating node is set to any voltage by utilizing a control signal which is applied to a refresh terminal and has a period shorter than that of a clock signal. The semiconductor circuit includes first and second transistors connected between a first clock terminal and a first power supply terminal, third and fourth transistors connected between the refresh terminal and the first power supply terminal, and fifth and sixth transistors connected between a second power supply terminal and the first power supply. Gates of the fourth and fifth transistors are connected in common to an input terminal, a gate of the third transistor is connected to a second clock terminal, a gate of the first transistor is connected to a connection node between the fifth and sixth transistors, the gate of the second transistor is connected to the gate of the sixth transistor, and a connection node between the first and second transistors is connected to an output terminal.

Abstract: A lower capacitive electrode and a capacitive electrode of an opposite substrate are provided to mutually facing surfaces of a TFT substrate and the opposite substrate, respectively; and a seal member is provided to the peripheral part of both substrates. The seal member creates a predetermined gap between the substrates, and the surrounded space is sealed by the seal member. A pressure sensor measures pressure applied to the substrates based on variations in capacitance between the lower capacitive electrode and the facing-substrate capacitive electrode. An acceleration sensor is incorporated into the TFT substrate within the pressure sensor. The presence of the acceleration sensor inside the pressure sensor thereby eliminates the need for a separate pressure sensor and acceleration sensor, and allows a pressure sensor that improves the moisture resistance of the acceleration sensor to be provided.

Abstract: A cold cathode tube lighting device is provided which is capable of obtaining stable luminance when a cold cathode tube is driven by applying voltages to input terminals on both ends of the cold cathode tube. A first current flowing through each of transformer secondary sides of transformers is detected by a tube current detecting circuit from a low-voltage side of each of the transformer secondary sides and a second current flowing through each of resonance capacitors is detected by the tube current detecting circuit and a difference between the first current and the second current is calculated for every separately-excited inverter and, based on the difference, a tube current of the cold cathode tube is obtained and frequencies of driving pulse voltages are changed by a voltage controlling oscillator for setting so that the tube current maintains a predetermined value.

Abstract: A semi-transmission type liquid crystal display that maximizes the luminance in reflection mode and transmission mode. The liquid crystal display comprises a lower substrate with thin film transistors, an opposite substrate facing the lower substrate, a liquid crystal layer between the lower substrate and the opposite substrate, a reflection electrode formed in a reflection area of the lower substrate, a transparent electrode formed in a transparent area of the lower substrate, a common electrode formed on the opposite substrate, and a drive circuit for applying a voltage between the reflection electrode and the transparent electrode and the common electrode. The potential difference between a drive voltage applied to that surface of the lower substrate which contacts the liquid crystal layer and a drive voltage applied to that surface of the opposite substrate which contacts the liquid crystal layer is lower in the reflection area than in the transparent area.

Abstract: A sealing member is formed on a glass substrate, and dropping points are arranged in the form of a matrix in the region surrounded by the sealing member. The dropping points arranged in the outermost columns and the second outermost columns are connected respectively to imagine first straight lines and second straight lines. Third straight lines are imagined to be equidistant from the first straight lines and the second straight lines. The positions of the dropping points are determined in such a manner that the density of the dropping points in four edge divided regions can be 0.9 to 1.1 times the density of the dropping points in the region as a whole, and the density of the dropping points in four corner divided regions can be 0.83 to 1.17 times the density of the dropping points in the region as a whole.

Abstract: A liquid-crystal display suitable for the optically compensated birefringence (OCB) display mode is used so as to simplify the voltage setting relating to display of each color by setting as follows. A liquid-crystal layer is oriented to bend alignment between a pair of substrates. A phase compensation plate is set for compensating a phase of the liquid-crystal layer outside of each of the substrates. And a retardation between the liquid-crystal and the phase compensation plates is set to a value ½ or less of the minimum wavelength of the light relating to display.

Abstract: First and second columnar spacers are formed on a color filter substrate, and step films are formed on an active matrix substrate in the same step as signal lines. The columnar spacers are formed by proximity exposure, and the step films are formed by being exposed by a lens projection system. In plan view, the step films are disposed inside the columnar spacers. The first columnar spacers are made to be in contact with the regions of the protective film that are higher in elevation with the step films in the active matrix substrate.

Abstract: A first polarizer and a second polarizer have respective absorption axes extending approximately perpendicularly to each other, and a first retardation plate and a third retardation plate have respective slow axes extending approximately perpendicularly to each other. The first retardation plate and the third retardation plate have respective retardations that are approximately equal to each other, and have respective Nz coefficients that are approximately equal to each other. A second retardation plate and a liquid crystal layer in a transmissive display area have a slow axis and an orientation axis, respectively, extending approximately perpendicularly to each other. The second retardation plate and the liquid crystal layer in the transmissive display area have respective retardations that are approximately equal to each other.

Abstract: A reflective liquid crystal display panel is a display panel for three-dimensional display in which pixel pairs as display elements composed of one left-eye pixel L and one right-eye pixel R each are provided in a matrix. The lenticular lens is an optical member for image separation that is provided to separate the light from the left and right pixels, and numerous lenticular lenses form a lens array that is arranged in one dimension. An anisotropic scattering sheet as an anisotropic scattering element is provided between the lenticular lens and the reflective liquid crystal display panel. According to this configuration, a reduction in the quality of the reflective display can be minimized, and improved image quality can be achieved without changing the concavo-convex structure of the reflecting panel and the lens shape of the lenticular lens in display device that is capable of displaying different images to a plurality of viewpoints.