Abstract: A television signal encoder uses correlation between frames for data compression or reduction in redundancy of information to be transmitted. The coding error occurring in the interframe coding process is effectively corrected by low-bit intraframe coding with limited increase in the volume of coding information. This permits raising the significance determination threshold value without impairment of picture quality.

Abstract: A PCM fault location system for repeaters and a code generator used therefor employ fault location codes generated on the basis of pseudo-random codes. The PCM fault location system transmits the codes through a repeatered transmission line, and the fault location codes including repeater transmission errors are received by the repeaters. A component of the repeater-designation frequency signal is extracted from the received fault location codes by means of a particular repeater-built-in fault locating circuit, and the thus extracted repeater-designation frequency component is received at a transmitting point of the fault location codes.

Abstract: In a method for fabricating a semiconductor device, a polycrystalline film deposited on a main surface of a substrate is subjected to selective oxidation to form polycrystalline silicon electrode wiring paths separated by silicon oxide. An impurity of a conductivity type opposite to that of the substrate is introduced through at least one of the wiring paths into the substrate. Also disclosed is a novel semiconductor device fabricated according to this process which has a reduced junction area and a shortened junction-to-electrode distance.

Abstract: A packet switching network in which the data transmitted from a data sending terminal is temporarily stored in a packet switching exchange connected to a data sender where the data is divided into a plurality of units each of which is called a packet and the data in turn is transferred with each packet unit to a packet switching exchange connected to a data receiver, through a number of transmit switching exchanges, and then those packets are reassembled into the original format of the data which finally is transmitted to a data receiving terminal, the above-mentioned packet switching network employing a data sending and receiving system in which a character oriented transmission control procedure for communicating with its associated terminals is used in the packet switching network, and the packet switching network involves data terminals each having a single communication link connected with the packet switching network, whereby the data sending and receiving system is effectively effected and a flow contr

Abstract: A system for suppressing a predetermined part of the sideband components of an angle-modulated wave in a frequency-division multiplex system is disclosed. The system branches the received angle-modulated wave into two angle-modulated waves, one of which is applied as the signal input of a phase modulator. The other of the two branched angle-modulated waves is demodulated to baseband. The demodulated signal is filtered, adjusted in level and phase and then supplied as the inversely modulating signal input of the phase modulator. The output of the phase modulator is therefore a wave which can be reused for transmission of other sideband components. The demodulated and filtered wave is provided as another output of the system.

Abstract: Magnetic storage means which may be a disc having a magnetic storage layer coated with a protective layer. The protective layer, which is preferably an inorganic oxide material, protects the magnetic storage layer from corrosion. A lubricant is applied to the protective layer and serves to reduce wearing due to frictional drag between the disc and a cooperating magnetic head (or heads). The lubricant is oriented so as to make very good adherence with the oxide sublayer and thereby prevent removal of the lubricant through continued use and/or cleaning.

Abstract: A liquid crystal cell includes a nematic liquid crystal of negative dielectric anisotropy is disposed between a pair of transparent electrode substrates. The electrode substrates have on their inner surfaces small grooves formed parallel to each other, the grooves on one surface being perpendicular to those on the other surface. In the absence of a voltage applied between the substrates, the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules are perpendicular to the inner surfaces of the electrode substrates. The addition of a small amount of a cholesteric liquid crystal material markedly improves the contrast of the display.

Abstract: A thermal fuse comprises an electrically and thermally conductive housing hermetically sealing switch parts of a fusible temperature-sensitive pellet, metallic plates, compression springs and a slidable resilient contact member. The contact member has a center contact portion at its bottom base and a peripheral contact portion with a plurality of tongues extending from the bottom base. The contact member of resilient conductive material is shaped to form a portion sloping over the bottom base and to form peripheral tongues extending relative to the flat surface of the assembled metallic plate when no external force is applied.

Abstract: A semiconductor device, which provides efficient heat dissipation, includes a semiconductor support member formed of an insulating, thermally conductive material having a projecting portion on the top surface and a first conducting layer extending along the surfaces of the support members from the bottom to the projecting portion. An insulating wall member for installing terminals is disposed on the top surface of the semiconductor support member in areas around the projecting portion. A second conducting layer is formed on the top end face of the wall member, and a hollow portion is provided in the wall member below the second conducting layer.

Abstract: An electronic calculator comprises a semiconductor integrated circuit and an input keyboard which includes the series connection of a condition switch and an operation key, thereby minimizing the number of interconnections between the semiconductor integrated circuit and the keyboard.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device is disclosed, in which a polycrystalline silicon layer is formed over a semiconductor substrate coated with an insulating layer with a window and a first kind of impurity is doped to a first predetermined portion of the polycrystalline silicon layer to a depth at least reaching the surface of the semiconductor substrate. Then a peripheral of the doped portion of the polycrystalline silicon layer is converted into an insulator, and a second kind of impurity is doped into a second predetermined portion of the polycrystalline silicon layer to a depth at least reaching the surface of the semiconductor substrate, thereby providing electrode wiring paths including the first and second predetermined portions.

Abstract: A gas laser tube includes a metal supporting body installed at one end of the laser tube. A seal casing is secured to the supporting body, and accommodates at least one cylindrical holding body having one end cut to a Brewster angle, and an optical flat plate installed in close contact with the cut surface of the holding body. A reflecting mirror is secured to an end of the seal casing.

Abstract: Input signals supplied for each block to an interpolator for a numerically controlled machine comprise displacement signals representative of conventional displacement data in terms of a conventional step size and a feed rate signal representative of a feed rate which, in turn, defines a conventional pulse distribution rate. The interpolator selects, in response to the feed rate signal, a working step size to be an integral multiple or an integral submultiple (exclusive of unity) of the conventional one, derives working displacement data and a working pulse distribution rate by dividing the conventional ones by the multiple or submultiple, and carries out pulse distribution in a conventional manner but by the use of the working displacement data and feed rate to produce those distribution signals at the working pulse distribution rate which make servos feed a machine tool relative to a workpiece with the working step size and at the feed rate.

Abstract: A speech pattern recognition system for continuous speech is disclosed. The system includes calculating means which calculates similarity measures between an input pattern and all of the series of patterns including reference word-patterns arranged in all possible orders through a pattern matching process without resorting to a segmentation process. The reference pattern which provides the maximum similarity measure is adopted as the recognized result.

Abstract: An FFT processing unit of simplified construction comprises one or more arithmetic stages serially connected. Each stage has a plurality of recursive arithmetic paths each consisting of a delay element, a simplified multiplier for multiplying by .+-.1 and .+-.j where j = .sqroot.-1, and an adder. The adder is supplied with a serial input digital data series and the output is provided to the delay element and multiplier connected in series. A switch successively selects the output signals obtained from the plurality of recursive arithmetic paths. A second multiplier multiplies the signals selected by the switch by predetermined coefficients.

Abstract: A switching network with crosstalk elimination capability comprises a group of incoming lines connected to subscribers, a group of outgoing lines intersecting the incoming line group, and a plurality of switching elements provided at preselected crosspoints formed between the incoming lines and the outgoing lines. Crosstalk elimination is provided by means for grounding idle and unused incoming lines and/or idle and unused outgoing lines through impedance elements having a sufficiently low impedance value at a desired frequency band of signals to be exchanged.

Abstract: A phase synchronizer for a reference carrier signal reproduced in a receiver for a combined amplitude and phase modulated signal comprises a window specifier for specifying windows for preselected ones of true signal points of which the demodulated signal is selectively representative. The phase synchronizer includes a demodulator for producing complex signals representative of coarse signal points so long as the reproduced carrier signal has a phase error which falls within the windows. Differences between the true points and the coarse points falling within the windows are calculated and summed up to produce a control signal for reducing the phase error substantially to zero.

Abstract: A moving target indication radar is disclosed in which the zero-Doppler-speed components of the radar return signal are eliminated by correlation processing in the azimuthal direction. In some cases, a similar correlation processing is concurrently performed in the range direction. The moving target indication radar has both a radar signal analog processing portion and a radar signal digital processing portion. The received pulse returns are processed by quadrature phase detectors to provide outputs which are in phase and quadrature phase analog data signals representing real and imaginary parts of the Doppler frequency data. These signals are converted to corresponding digital words which are then divided into a plurality of digital Doppler frequency components by a discrete Fourier transform circuit. A buffer memory is connected to store the outputs of the discrete Fourier transform circuit.

Abstract: A switching network having particular application in telephone exchanges is provided with crosstalk elimination capability. The crosstalk is effectively cancelled by generating signals which are reverse in phase to the crosstalk signals and adding these generated signals to the crosstalk signals.

Abstract: The invention contemplates an improved light-mode separator for orientation in axially offset adjacency to an end of an optical fiber, in a plane perpendicular to the fiber axis; separate concentric regions of the separator about the fiber axis have different light-converging properties such that the convergence point for each light-converging region is (a) offset with respect to the convergence point for each remaining light-converging region, and is also (b) independently externally accessible for focused-energy utilization without masking interference with any other converging light from the separator.