Abstract: A catalyst for the vapor phase intramolecular dehydration reaction of an alkanolamine represented by the general formula ##STR1## wherein each of R and R' is selected from hydrogen, a methyl group and an ethyl group, and n is an integer of 2 to 5,to convert it into a cyclic amine represented by the general formula ##STR2## wherein R, R' and n are as defined above. The catalyst is an oxide composition represented by the following formulaX.sub.a P.sub.b Y.sub.c O.sub.dwherein X is at least one element selected from alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, P is phosphorus, Y is at least one element selected from B, Al, Si, S, Sc, Ti, Cu, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Sn, Sb, La, Ce, Ta, W, Tl, Pb, Bi and Th, O is oxygen, the suffixes a, b, c and d represent the atomic ratios of the elements X, P, Y and O, and when a=1, b=0.01-3 and c=0-100, and d is a value determined by a, b and c and the state of bonding of the constituent elements.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for the production of unsaturated carboxylic acid esters. More particularly, this invention relates to a method for efficient production of a corresponding ester from an acrylic acid or methacrylic acid (hereinafter referred to collectively as "(meth)acrylic acid") by the reaction of the (meth)acrylic acid with an aliphatic alcohol of 1 to 12 carbon atoms in the presence of a strongly acidic cation-exchange resin catalyst.

Abstract: A process for producing an aromatic dicarboxylic acid which comprises subjecting a "K-region" arene to liquid phase oxidation with hydrogen peroxide in a water-insoluble organic solvent in the presence of a tungsten compound and a phase transfer catalyst and optionally a mineral acid.

Abstract: A method for the production of an aqueous dispersion by the dispersion of an inorganic pigment such as calcium carbonate and aluminum hydroxide in an aqueous medium, which method comprises incorporating in said inorganic pigment as a dispersant a carboxyl group-containing water-soluble polymer possessing a number average molecular weight in the range of 2,000 to 80,000 and/or a water-soluble condensed phosphate and a water-soluble anionic modified polyvinyl alcohol possessing a polymerization degree in the range of 30 to 700, a saponification degree in the range of 30 to 100 mol %, and an anionic modification degree in the range of 0.5 to 20 mol %.

Abstract: A method of cleaning an exhaust gas containing nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide and an excess of molecular oxygen, which comprises passing the exhaust gas together with ammonia over a catalyst comprising (A) 60 to 99.9% by weight of a catalytic oxide composed of a titanium containing oxide, (B) 0.1 to 20% by weight of a catalytic oxide composed of at least one metal oxide selected from the group consisting of oxides of copper, manganese and chromium and (C) 0 to 20% by weight of a catalytic oxide composed of at least one metal oxides selected from the group consisting of oxides of vanadium, tungsten, molybdenum, cerium and tin at a temperature of 200.degree. to 500.degree. C.

Abstract: A polyoxyalkylene carbazole adduct represented by the following formula I: ##STR1## wherein R stands for at least one member selected from the group consisting of H, CH.sub.3 and C.sub.6 H.sub.5, R' for at least one member selected from the group consisting of CH.sub.3, C.sub.6 H.sub.5 and H, (providing that R' is at least one member selected from the group consisting of CH.sub.3 and C.sub.6 H.sub.5 when R is H, and R is at least one member selected from the group consisting of CH.sub.3 and C.sub.6 H.sub.5 when R' is H), n for an integer of the value of 0 to 500, m for an integer of the value of 0 to 500, and n+m for an integer of the value of 2 to 1000.

Abstract: Thiolcarboxylic acid esters represented by the general formula ##STR1## wherein X represents --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, ##STR2## and n and m represent an integer of 1 to 3.

Abstract: An adhesive composition comprising 10 to 80% by weight of a binder composed of an aminoalkyl ester group-containing acrylic copolymer shown ##STR1## wherein R denotes an alkylene possessing 2 to 3 carbon atoms, as a pendant group and an epoxy resin, and if desired a rust-proofing pigment and a silane coupling agent.

Abstract: A method for the production of maleimides, which comprises subjecting maleinamic acids to ring-closure imidation in an organic solvent capable of forming an azeotrope with water in the presence of an acid catalyst at a temperature in the range of 120.degree. to 250.degree. C. while removing the formed water in the form of an azeotrope with said organic solvent and thereafter purifying the produced maleimides.

Abstract: A method for the producing 2-[[[5-(dialkylamino)alkyl-2-furanyl]methyl]thio]-ethane amine by the reaction of cysteamine or cysteamine hydrochloride containing free hydrogen chloride with 5-(dialkyl amino)alkyl furfuryl alcohol, which method can be obtained the product in a highly yield by carrying out said reaction at a temperature in the range of 30.degree. to 80.degree. C.

Abstract: 3-amino-2,4,5-trifluorobenzoic acid which is a novel compound and is manufactured by heating 4-amino-3,5,6-trifluorophthalonitrile in the presence of an acid.

Abstract: A method for the manufacture of an aminocarboxylic acid salt which comprises subjecting to dehydrogenation an amino alcohol represented by the general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 denote hydrogen, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OH, an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms or an aminoalkyl group having 2 or 3 carbon atoms, which may be the same or different, in the presence of the hydroxide of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, water and a catalyst containing copper metals or a copper compound and a zirconium compound.

Abstract: A method for the production of maleimides, which comprises subjecting maleinamic acids to ring-closure imidation in an organic solvent capable of forming an azeotrope with water in the presence of an acid catalyst at a temperature in the range of 120.degree. C. to 250.degree. C. while removing the formed water in the form of an azeotrope with said organic solvent and thereafter purifying the produced maleimides.

Abstract: A catalyst for the vapor phase intramolecular dehydration reaction of an alkanolamine represented by the general formula ##STR1## wherein each of R and R' is selected from hydrogen, a methyl group and an ethyl group, and n is an integer of 2 to 5, to convert it into a cyclic amine represented by the general formula ##STR2## wherein R, R' and n are as defined above. The catalyst is an oxide composition represented by the following formulaX.sub.a P.sub.b Y.sub.c O.sub.dwherein X is at least one element selected from alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, P is phosphorus, Y is at least one element selected from B, Al, Si, S, Sc, Ti, Cu, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Sn, Sb, La, Ce, Ta, W, Tl, Pb, Bi and Th, O is oxygen, the suffixes a, b, c and d represent the atomic ratios of the elements X, P, Y and O, and when a=1, b=0.01-3 and c=0-100, and d is a value determined by a, b and c and the state of bonding of the constituent elements.

Abstract: A silver catalyst having fine silver particles dispersed and deposited fast on the outer surface of a porous inorganic refractory carrier and on the inner wall surface of pores in said carrier and used in the production of ethylene oxide by the catalytic gas-phase oxidation of ethylene with molecular oxygen, which silver catalyst is characterized by containing a compound of at least one metal ion selected from the group consisting of cesium, rubidium, potassium, and thallium (monovalent) as dispersed and deposited fast in an amount in the range of 1.times.10.sup.-6 to 5.times.10.sup.-6 gram equivalent per the unit surface area, m.sup.2, of said silver on the surface of said silver.

Abstract: A method for the production of 2,3,4,5-tetrafluorobenzoic acid, which comprises effecting said production by decarbonating 3,4,5,6-tetrafluorophthalic acid in an aqueous medium adjusted to a pH in the range of 0.7 to 2.2 at a temperature in the range of 100.degree. to 220.degree. C.

Abstract: A coloring agent for the dope-dyeing viscose rayon, comprising minute spherical cured particles of an amino resin produced from formaldehyde and at least one amino compound selected from the group consisting of benzoguanamine, melamine, and urea and colored with a dye, a viscose composition containing the coloring agent, a viscose rayon obtained by spinning the composition, and a method for manufacture thereof.

Abstract: An improved process for producing maleic anhydride which comprises catalytically oxidizing benzene with a molecular oxygen-containing gas in the vapor phase in a multitubular heat-exchanger-type reactor. The process is characterized in thata catalyst-packed layer of the reactor is divided into a gas inlet side layer and a gas outlet side layer,the activity of the gas inlet side layer is controlled by adding at least one component selected from the group consisting of potassium, cesium, thallium and rubidium as a promoter or by decreasing the amount of phosphorus pentoxide (P.sub.2 O.sub.

Abstract: Efficient treatment of waste water is accomplished by subjecting the waste water to wet oxidation under continued supply of an oxygen containing gas at a temperature of not more than 370.degree. C. under a pressure enough for the waste water to retain the liquid phase thereof intact, in the presence of a catalyst containing a composite oxide of at least two metals selected from the group consisting of Ti, Si, and Zr and at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, W, Cu, Ce, Ag, Pt, Pd, Rh, Ru, and Ir or a compound of the one metal mentioned above.

Abstract: An exhaust gas cleaning catalyst composed of a refractory three-dimensional structure and a catalytically active substance supported thereon. That surface or part of the catalyst which makes contact with an exhaust gas is formed of numerous irregularly arranged protrusions composed of a refractory inorganic powder having a particle diameter of 5 to 300 micrometers or a mixture of it with refractory inorganic fibers and the catalytically active substance supported on the protrusions.