Abstract: Test circuitry for a transceiver is described which allows tests to be conducted on a transmission loop without requiring decoding by rake fingers. According to one embodiment, a receiver for receiving a test signal includes a detecting circuit set up in accordance with a test spreading code for detecting whether or not signals received by the receiver include the test signal incorporating the test spreading code. In the embodiment, a matched filter set up according to the test spreading code is utilized as the detecting circuit. According to another embodiment, circuitry for adjusting the power level of a test signal is described in which power control information is transferred between first and second storage locations at the transceiver to allow otherwise normal control circuits to implement the power control.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of identifying a protocol data unit in a network layer of an air interface in a cellular radio network, to a cellular radio network and to a protocol data unit. A network layer usually includes connection management, mobility management and radio resources management sublayers. In the invention, the radio resources management sublayer is replaced by a radio network sublayer. A protocol data unit header includes a protocol discriminator. Some of the protocol discriminator values are allocated to the identification of protocol data units in the connection management sublayer and the mobility management sublayer. According tot the invention, at least one unreserved value of the protocol discriminator is used for identifying protocol data units in the radio network sublayer.

Abstract: A telecommunication network and a process for narrow band data communication between at least one user (PSTN user, ISDN user) and at least one network server (NS) of a service provider, particularly an Internet service provider, with the telecommunication network having a switching unit (LE) to establish a switched connection (dial-up connection) between the user and the network server (NS) and to perform a session (session) for point-to-point (PPP) data exchange between the user and the network server during the switched connection, with the switching unit (LE) having means to establish the switched connection between the at least one user-oriented connection point and an access point (AS).

Abstract: The invention is related to signaling in cellular telecommunication systems, namely to reduction of resources used by signaling. According to the invention, a list of neighbor cell information is communicated to a mobile station in compressed form. Preferably, the neighbor cell information list is transmitted in such a way, that a table reciting parameter values in use by the neighboring cells, and for each of these cells, each value listed in the table is represented by a pointer such as an index to the table. In this way, same parameter values do not need to be repeated for each cell using the same values. The neighbor cell information list can be further compressed by expressing a first frequency parameter value in the normal way, but expressing further frequency parameter values relative to the first, or as in a further embodiment, relative to the previous frequency parameter value. Such ways of representing frequency values allow the use of fewer bits to represent the frequency values.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for echo cancellation in a digital data transmission system in which system the end of a transmission link to which sound returns as an echo is the far end and the end of the transmission link from which an echo is reflected back is the near end, and in which a speech coding method is used on the echo path at least for a far-end signal transmitted from the far end to the near end, the method comprising the following steps: the echo originating from the near end is estimated with an adaptive linear filter on the basis of the far-end signal, and the echo estimate is subtracted from the near-end signal transmitted from the near end to the far end, whereby the speech-encoded far-end signal is decoded in an echo canceller, and the echo originating from the near end is estimated on the basis of said decoded far-end signal.

Abstract: A method associated with an intelligent network service, comprising the following steps for detecting a special situation and acting in the special situation in the best possible way: defining for the service at least one special situation which is failed for the service but successful for the switching point, defining an instruction for said at least one special situation, receiving at the detection point a message indicating the existence of the call-related service for which the special situation has been defined, receiving at the switching point a first routing instruction (201) either from a caller or the control point, checking said first routing instruction (203), detecting the special situation (204) if the first routing instruction includes the special situation, and following said instruction in response to the detection of the special situation. Besides the method, the invention also relates to an intelligent network, a service control point and a switching point of an intelligent network.

Abstract: The invention relates to connection-oriented packet-based telecommunication networks such as ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) and particularly to route optimization in such networks. A network node (20) on the route adds to a packet flow a special packet comprising a unique code which the network node (20) locally uses for identifying the special packet and for associating the special packet to a particular formed connection. If there is a loop on the path (2,BTS1,3) the special packet added to the packet flow returns back to the same network node. When the network node detects that the special packet provided with the unique code returns back, it may conclude that on the path of the connection to which the unique code is associated to, there is a loop that should be eliminated. Thereafter the network node may internally switch an optimal path (1,4,BTS2) bypassing the detected loop (2,BTS1,3). Furthermore, the network node preferably releases the loop in a manner characteristic of the network.

Abstract: When a mobile station has moved from a network area controlled by a first radio network controller (RNC) to a network area controlled by a second RNC, the utilisation of transmission links in the radio access network is optimized and the transmission delay between the controlling RNC and the radio interface is minimized by relocating the entities which control the connections of the mobile station from the first RNC to the second RNC. Such controlling entities may be, for example, the macrodiversity combining function, radio resource control block, and associated user plane entities.

Abstract: A method of transferring the identity of subscriber A to a second centre (VMSC) serving a roaming subscriber B. A first centre (GMSC) receives a call set-up request from subscriber A and defines the identities of the subscribers and the address of the second centre (VMSC). It then sends to a service control point (SCP) an intelligent network service initiating message. The service control point (SCP) sends to the second centre (VMSC) an indication stating the identity of subscriber A and that a call is incoming to subscriber B. The second centre (VMSC) may send corresponding information to subscriber B's mobile station (MS) and receive from it a response, which it sends to the service control point (SCP). The latter analyzes the response and issues in response thereto necessary call set-up instructions to the first centre (GMSC) which sets up the call to subscriber B's mobile station (MS), provided that said response indicates that subscriber B accepts said call.

Abstract: A method for the control of communication and a communication system, in which a terminal device communicates with the opposite end via an access network, using low-level signalling protocols, and via a core network connected to the access network, the core network using high level signalling protocols, whereby one or more core networks are connected to the access network, each core network connected to the access network being given a separate identifier and this identifier being used for routing protocol data units of a high level signalling protocol.

Abstract: A signalling method in a wireless digital telecommunication system between a base station and a terminal, where the signals between the base station and the terminal are generated from bursts comprising symbols, the bursts comprising a known training sequence. The symbols are used for generating a second training sequence of the same length as the known training sequence and a burst comprising said training sequence to be used for transmitting signalling messages. The number of training sequences used can be restricted to two, whereby conventional user data is sent in the burst comprising the known training sequence and information deviating from the conventional user data is sent by the burst comprising the second training sequence, and the stealing symbols in the burst can be used for specifying a signalling message to be transmitted.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of automatic gain control (AGC) in a base station of a cellular radio network and to a network part in a cellular radio network. The method comprises receiving at least one random access burst transmitted by a subscriber terminal of the cellular radio network on a random access channel. Then the received power of the random access burst is measured, followed by generating subscriber terminal-specific AGC data on the basis of the received power of at least one random access burst. Then, subscriber terminal-specific AGC data is stored. Next, a normal burst transmitted by the subscriber terminal on a stand-alone dedicated control channel is received, and the gain of the normal burst received is controlled by the subscriber terminal-specific AGC data. Finally, the controlled normal burst is subjected to analog-to-digital conversion.

Abstract: A method and an arrangement for determining correction parameters used for correcting phase and amplitude imbalance of an I/Q modulator in a transmitter comprising an I/Q modulator (7) and a corrector (4) for correcting the phase and amplitude imbalance caused by the I/Q modulator, the arrangement comprising means (9) for sampling the I/Q-modulated test signal to be transmitted, means (14) for A/D-converting the signal samples taken from the test signal, means (15) for I/Q-demodulating the signal samples digitally into I- and Q-feedback signals, means (17) for determining the phase and amplitude imbalance caused by the I/Q modulator on the basis of the I- and Q-feedback signals, and means (17) for determining the correction parameters of phase and amplitude on the basis of the determined phase and amplitude imbalance.

Abstract: A RAKE receiver for receiving a spread spectrum signal, the RAKE receiver comprising at least two antennas for receiving a spread spectrum signal containing several user signals, at least one delay unit for delaying the spread spectrum signal received in at least one antenna to prevent the spread spectrum signals received from the different antennas from being cancelled, an adder for combining the spread spectrum signal received in at least two antennas to form a combination signal, and a matched filter for generating a user signal combination impulse response by means of the combination signal.

Abstract: Optimization of the usage of radio resources in mobile telecommunication systems, particularly during the call set up stage, is accomplished by using a bearer allocation method, which allows late allocation of resources without increasing the risk of not obtaining the desired resources. This is realized using a two-phase bearer allocation mechanism, in which the bearer is only reserved early in the call set up process, and allocated later, when the called party answers or the transmission can otherwise be observed to begin.

Abstract: An access control system for a wireless telecommunications system comprising: a first base station serving a first site and operable as part of a first wireless telecommunications network; a second base station serving a second site and operable as part of a second wireless telecommunications network; the first and second telephone networks being connected together, whereby a call can be connected between the first base station and the second base station via the first wireless telecommunications network and the second wireless telecommunications network; and the access control system comprising: a data link of which use is restricted between the first network and the second network, whereby a call may be connected between the first network and the second network; and a first site link access control unit comprising a database for storing identities of wireless terminals at the second site for permitting calls to such terminals made at the first site to be routed from the first site to the second site over th

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for estimating a channel bit error ratio in a receiver, and to a receiver. In the method, a pseudo bit error ratio of a channel is determined. The receiver (114) comprises detecting means (202, 204, 206, 208) for detecting a data sequence of a received signal; decoding means (302) for decoding a first encoding of the detected data signal; and re-encoding meant (310) for re-encoding with the first encoding the data sequence decoded from the first encoding. The receiver (114) of the invention further comprises quality determining means (304) for providing the detected data sequence with a value for quality, and estimating means (308) for estimating the bit error ratio-provided that the quality of the detected data sequence fulfils a predetermined quality requirement by comparing the detected data sequence with the data sequence re-encoded with first encoding. The first encoding is typically a convolution coding.

Abstract: A method for controlling transmission power in a radio system and in a WCDMA system network in particular for maximizing cell capacity. An acceptable transmission power margin and an optimum power level, which may change specifically for each connection and service class, are determined for the transmission power. Transmission power is adjusted using power control steps utilizing an incoming power control command and previous power control steps. The power control step size is adjusted as a sum of a fixed and a variable dynamic step size where the dynamic value is obtained on the basis of the measured value and the target value of the signal-to-noise ratio. Information on the network state can be obtained by comparing AC and LC data and the cell capacity can be maximized by controlling the amount of transmission power calculated by the mobile station before the final power transmission.

Abstract: In a system handling communication between base transceiver stations (BTS1-BTS12) and base station controllers (BSC) of a cellular radio network the transmission capacity is composed of a predetermined number of capacity units (T0-T31). At least one capacity unit (TCH) can be allocated to a given base station group which comprises at least two base transceiver stations. Said capacity unit is allocated to a certain base transceiver station in the base station group when the instantaneous volume of traffic handled by said base transceiver station requires temporary allocation of additional capacity, and said capacity unit is again released so as to be allocatable to the base station group when the instantaneous volume of traffic handled by said base transceiver station no longer requires temporary allocation of additional capacity.

Abstract: Surge protector which includes a film pattern (2) formed on a suitable substrate (1) is characterized in that the film pattern (2) essentially consists of narrow lines (2a, 2b, 2c) which extend parallel and adjacent to each other and are electrically in parallel relationship to each other, and bridges (11-24) between the lines. Advantageously, there are three parallel lines. The resistance of the film pattern (2) is trimmed advantageously by cutting (T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10) one of the lines (2c) between successive bridges.