Abstract: A transducer apparatus for delivering tumor treating fields to a subject's body, including: a substrate; an electrode element coupled to the substrate; a layer of anisotropic material electrically coupled to the electrode element, wherein the electrode element is located between the substrate and the layer of anisotropic material having a front face and a back face, wherein the back face of the layer of anisotropic material faces the electrode element; a non-conductive material border disposed over an outer perimeter of the layer of anisotropic material, the non-conductive material border being electrically non-conductive, wherein, when viewed in a direction perpendicular to the front face of the layer of anisotropic material: an inner edge of the non-conductive material border overlaps a portion of the front face of the layer of anisotropic material, and an outer edge of the non-conductive material border extends outside the outer perimeter of the layer of anisotropic material.

Abstract: Tumor treating fields (TTFields) can be delivered by implanting a plurality of sets of implantable electrode elements within a person's body. Temperature sensors positioned to measure the temperature at the electrode elements are also implanted, along with a circuit that collects temperature measurements from the temperature sensors. In some embodiments, an AC voltage generator configured to apply an AC voltage across the plurality of sets of electrode elements is also implanted within the person's body.

Abstract: A subject can be treated with an alternating electric field (e.g., TTFields) by applying the alternating electric field to a target region, and measuring nerve or muscle activity that is generated by the subject's body in response to the alternating electric field. The course of treatment is then modified based on the measured nerve or muscle activity to reduce or eliminate electrosensation. The nerve or muscle activity can be nerve activity that is measured, e.g., based on an evoked compound action potential (ECAP). In some embodiments, the modification is implemented by adjusting an amplitude or frequency of the alternating electric field. In other embodiments, the modification is implemented by applying an electrical signal to the subject's body, where the electrical signal is configured to reduce electrosensation.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and compositions for preventing or disrupting mitosis of pluripotent stem cells, killing pluripotent stem cells, preventing or disrupting division of pluripotent stem cells, reducing the viability of pluripotent stem cells, slowing the progression or differentiation of pluripotent stem cells, and treating an ectopic pregnancy.

Abstract: Compositions, systems, and methods for reducing viability of cancer cells and treating cancer, as well as preventing an increase of volume of a tumor present in a body of a living subject, are disclosed. The systems and methods involve application of an alternating field in combination with administration of at least one composition comprising at least one small molecule anti-angiogenic agent that specifically interacts with VEGF.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for inducing apoptosis and treating or reducing the occurrence of at least one condition, disease, disorder, or infection in a subject. The systems and methods rely on the application of an alternating electric field and administration of a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) associated protein (CRISPR-Cas) system. Also provided are kits for performing the methods disclosed herein.

Abstract: A method of treating a subject, the method comprises applying an alternating electric field focused on a liver of the subject at a frequency between approximately 50 kHz and approximately 10,000 kHz, where the subject has hormonal disorder and/or polycystic ovary syndrome.

Abstract: Systems and methods for increasing absorption of ingested substances into a subject's bloodstream are disclosed. The systems and methods involve application of an alternating field to the subject's abdomen, and may further include oral administration of at least one substance to the subject. Also disclosed are methods of treating or reducing the occurrence of a malabsorption condition in a subject via application of the alternating electric field to the subject's abdomen.

Abstract: An implantable apparatus for providing tumor treating fields to a target site is disclosed. The implantable apparatus includes an inflatable body having a longitudinal axis and a plurality of stimulation zones coupled to the inflatable body. The stimulation zones are configured to produce an electric field. Inflation of the body causes elongation of the body along the longitudinal axis.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of altering the electric impedance to an alternating electric field in a target site of a subject, comprising introducing a nanoparticle to a target site in the subject; and applying an alternating electric field to the target site of the subject, wherein the electric impedance in the target site of the subject to the alternating current is altered. Disclosed are methods for improving transport of a nanoparticle across a cell membrane of a cell, the method comprising applying an alternating electric field to the cell for a period of time, wherein application of the alternating electric field increases permeability of the cell membrane; and introducing the nanoparticle to the cell, wherein the increased permeability of the cell membrane enables the nanoparticle to cross the cell membrane.

Abstract: Organic light-emitting diodes are disclosed comprising an electron transport layer and a hole transport layer. At least one of the transport layers is formed by (a) dissolving tubulin or microtubules in a mixture of water and a solvent that changes the surface charge of tubulin, wherein the percentage of solvent in the mixture is selected so that the tubulin acquires a desired surface charge, and (b) using the tubulin with the desired surface charge to fabricate the at least one of the transport layers. Advantageously, the solvent may be DMSO. Methods of fabricating such organic light emitting diodes are also disclosed.

Abstract: Alternating electric fields (e.g., TTFields) may be induced in a target region in a subject's body by applying, during each of a plurality of first time intervals, a series of pulses of alternating current between electrode elements positioned on or in the subject's body. Immediately following each first interval of time, the electrode elements are allowed to cool. Although the pulses of alternating current within any given first time interval have amplitudes at a level that would cause overheating if the series of pulses was allowed to continue for one hour, each series of pulses does not, in fact, continue for one hour. To the contrary, each series of pulses is short enough to avoid overheating. Interleaving the cooling periods between the pulsing periods enables higher-current pulses to be used, and the use of those higher-current pulses can advantageously improve the efficacy of treatment.

Abstract: When treating a subject using alternating electric fields (e.g., using TTFields to treat a tumor, or using alternating electric fields to increase the permeability of the blood brain barrier), some subjects experience an unpleasant electrosensation effect. This electrosensation can be reduced or eliminated by increasing the area of the transducer arrays that is active during certain times in the treatment. In some embodiments, this is accomplished by applying an AC signal between two pairs of transducer arrays at certain times (as opposed to the prior art approach of applying an AC signal between two individual transducer arrays).

Abstract: Alternating electric fields (e.g., tumor treating fields, a.k.a. TTFields) may be applied to a target region in a subject's body via sheets of graphite that are implanted in the subject's body. One or more ports configured for affixation to the subject's body include or connect to one or more mating electrical connectors. Electrical conductors are positioned to route electrical signals between the electrical connector(s) and the sheets of graphite. The alternating electric fields are applied to the target region by applying (via the ports) an alternating voltage between two sheets of graphite that are positioned on opposite sides of the target region.

Abstract: A method to treat a target region of a subject's body with an alternating electric field, the method including: applying the alternating electric field to the target region of the subject's body at a first frequency while increasing an intensity of the alternating electric field from zero to a target intensity; and changing the frequency of the alternating electric field from the first frequency to a target frequency while maintaining the alternating electric field at the target intensity, wherein the target frequency and the target intensity have a known efficacy for treating the target region of the subject's body with the alternating electric field; and wherein the first frequency is greater than the target frequency.